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2010-13 Distribution-Valued Solution Concepts
No full textDepartment of Economics, Working Paper Series, no. 2010-13. 39 pages.Under its conventional positive interpretation, game theory predicts that the mixed strategy profile of players in a non cooperative game will satisfy some set-valued solution concept. Relative probabilities of profiles in that set are unspecified,and all profiles not satisfying it are implicitly assigned probability zero. However the axioms underlying Bayesian rationality say that we should reason about player behavior using a probability density over all mixed strategy profiles, not using a subset of all such profiles. Such a density over profiles can be viewed as a solution concept that is distribution-valued rather than set-valued. A distribution-valued concept provides a best single prediction for any non cooperative game, i.e., a uni-versal refinement. In addition, regulators can use a distribution-valued solution concept to make Bayes optimal choices of a mechanism, as required by Savage’s axioms. In particular, they can do this in strategic situations where conventional mechanism design cannot provide advice. We illustrate all of this on a Cournot duopoly game
2019-01 Are US antidumping cases being crowded out by other forms of protectionism?: A Natural Experiment
No full textDepartment of Economics, Working Paper Series, no. 2019-01. 14 pages
2013-03 Differential Interpretation of Public Information: Estimation and Inference
No full textDepartment of Economics, Working Paper Series, no. 2013-03. 45 pages.We propose a new measure of differential interpretation in the context of a Bayesian learning model, which allows us to abstract from other sources of disagreement, such as differences in priors. We then develop a likelihood ratio statistic for testing the null hypothesis that agents interpret public information identically. Using financial analysts’ earnings forecasts, we find evidence that there is significant heterogeneity in the interpretation of public information among investors. In addition, we validate our new measure of differential interpretation and demonstrate its superiority over other proxies, such as Kandel and Pearson’s (1995) and Garfinkel’s (2009) metrics. Finally, we find that differential interpretation increases firm cost of capital, which has important implications to regulators, managers and academics
Pointing at smaller food amounts in an analogue of Boysen and Berntson's (1995) procedure
No full textPublished in: J Exp Anal Behav., 1996 Jul, 66(1), 143-7.Boysen and Berntson (1995) showed that apes could not learn to point to a small amount of candy in order to get a larger amount when pointing to the larger amount was reinforced by receipt of the alternate, smaller amount. They explained this result as an unlearned predisposition to reach for higher value foods that overrides the effects of reinforcement. This report tests their thesis. In the first condition, 3 monkeys chose between one raisin held in one hand by the experimenter and four raisins held in the other hand. If a monkey pointed at four raisins, it received one. If it pointed at one, it received four. Over ten 20‐trial sessions, no monkey learned to point at the one‐raisin alternative, a result similar to that of Boysen and Berntson. In the second condition, pointing at one raisin still produced four; however, pointing at four raisins now produced no reinforcement. In five 20‐trial sessions, all monkeys learned to point at one raisin in order to get four. This finding demonstrates that at least in monkeys there is no predisposition to reach for higher value foods that cannot be readily overridden by reinforcement contingencies, and casts doubt on Boysen and Berntson's claim to have demonstrated such a process in apes
Rembrandt's Lucretias: Martyrs or Sinners?
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
2016-04 HOW DO COUNTRIES RESPOND TO ANTIDUMPING FILINGS?: DISPUTE SETTLEMENT AND RETALIATORY ANTIDUMPING
No full textDepartment of Economics, Working Paper Series, no. 2016-04. 30 pages.Empirical studies have found that countries may respond strategically to the antidumping
petitions filed against their exporters through their own retaliatory actions. Although most
previous studies have focused on retaliatory antidumping filings, in this paper we explore
another potential avenue for strategic response—filing a complaint under the World Trade
Organization’s (WTO) Dispute Settlement Understanding. Using a panel of global antidumping
filings between 1995 and 2011, we analyze under what conditions countries will choose to
retaliate through either an antidumping petition or a WTO dispute, and to what degree these two
strategies are complementary or act as substitutes. We find statistical evidence that countries are
more likely to file a WTO dispute when they have also filed retaliatory antidumping petition,
suggesting that these two strategies may be complementary
Primary Sources Literacy & Confronting the Holocaust
No full textA presentation that was delivered in the Twelfth Annual Symposium, "Bridging the Spectrum: A Symposium on Scholarship and Practice in Library and Information Science" at the Catholic University of America in 2020
Christian Mayr's Kitchen Ball and Slave Life at White Sulphur Spring
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
Gentile Bellini: His Early Career Influences and Relationships In the Veneto
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
The Mill By Rembrandt: A Technical and Historical Study
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio