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U.S. IMMIGRATION ENFORCEMENT GOVERNANCE IN AN INTERGOVERNMENTAL AND INTERSECTORAL CONTEXT
No full textComplex governance arrangements characterize the public service delivery landscape and are expected to affect organizational decision making and public service outcomes. This dissertation explores organizational incentives to either engage in or engage more intensely in governance arrangements, and how complex governance arrangements affect public service quality. Using data on immigration enforcement in the United States involving county governments, the Immigration and Custom’s Enforcement agency (ICE), and private detention companies, this dissertation contains three empirical studies of theoretical and practical importance.First, I examine how county governments differentially respond to collaboration incentives based on the perceived benefits of immigration enforcement programs. The results indicate that collaboration incentives align with the program’s perceived benefits, suggesting that collaboration decisions are strategically assessed based on an organization’s needs. The next chapter assesses how collaboration intensity is affected by inter-organizational goal agreement and other organizational incentives to collaborate. Inter-organizational goal agreement between county governments and ICE is found to positively affect collaboration intensity, but it loses explanatory power when other county government collaboration incentives are considered. Chapter three examines how subcontracting service delivery functions affects public service quality. The results propose that as county governments subcontract jail operations to a private detention provider, immigrant detainee confinement quality deteriorates.Public administrationOrganization theoryPublic policyCollaboration, Governance, Immigration, SubcontractingPublic Administration and PolicyDegree Awarded: Ph.D. Public Administration and Policy. American Universit
Ana Esteve Llorens Interview, May 20, 2020
No full textVisual artist Ana Esteve Llorens, who is originally from Spain but now resides in Austin, TX, shares how COVID has impacted her. The pandemic has both changed and not changed her life: she has had to reinvent how she relates to her family, friends, and students, but as an artist working alone in her studio, she believes that the loneliness many are feeling is not new to her. Ana's passion for creating art has been a primary motivation, as well as her network of friends. She says that we must keep hope alive, and talks about how she has come to appreciate the things she had taken for granted before, such as "the rhythms dictated by nature". Ana ends by saying that she's positive we'll make it out of this crisis. This video is part of the Humanities Truck's From Me To You: A Covid-19 Oral History Project. https://humanitiestruck.com/frommetoyou
Cade Orchard Interview, May 29, 2020
No full textCade Orchard discusses the impact of COVID on his life from Hot Springs, South Dakota, where he is completing an internship for the Mammoth Site. He shares that he lost his grandmother to COVID, and how that painful experience has personally connected him to the pandemic. He also reflects on how the virus has impacted his day-to-day life as a college student having to leave campus and transition to learning online. Cade talks about how his internship has kept him going, but also worries about the health consequences of continuing internships. He also appreciates talking virtually with his family and friends. Cade discusses how COVID has highlighted the strengths and failures of how the public interacts with the scientific community, though he hopes that we will have newfound appreciation for the work that all scientists do as a result of this crisis. This video is part of the Humanities Truck's From Me To You: A Covid-19 Oral History Project. https://humanitiestruck.com/frommetoyou
Seasonal Variations in Aerobic Capacity and Body Composition in Division III Women's Soccer Players
No full textFemale collegiate athletes are held to a very high standard coming into their competitive seasons in order to be considered in the starting line-up. Specifically, soccer stresses aerobic fitness as a key to exceptional performance during a match. Studies have shown that greater levels of aerobic capacity directly correlate with higher performance on the pitch during any given game. This level of aerobic performance can be calculated using VO 2max , which is considered the most accurate way of measuring aerobic capacity. In this study, the Division III Marymount Women’s soccer team was tested three times over an eight-month period to determine seasonal variations in VO 2max levels. All subjects body fat percentage were also measured to determine any seasonal variations as well. The results of the current study showed an increase in VO 2max over the summer (13.36%) as well as during the traditional season (5.82%). The results also showed a decrease in body mass (-1.39%) and body fat percentage (-6.81%) changes over the summer. Opposite results were seen for body mass (1.66%) and body fat percent (4.04%) changes over the course of the traditional season. These results were compared to percent changes in data of the Division I Texas A&M Women’s soccer team in 2007 and the Division III North Carolina Wesleyan College Men’s soccer team in 2009. This analysis will be used to distinguish if there are associations between women’s collegiate soccer teams of different divisions and between men’s and women’s teams from the same division with respect to seasonal percent changes in VO 2max , body mass and body fat percentage. The percent differences over the traditional season of this study most closely represented the percent differences of the Division III Men’s Soccer team. With more data, we can determine if the percent differences over the summer are also similar to the Division III Men’s Soccer team
Three essays on risk and poverty
No full textThis dissertation explores poverty and economic insecurity as determinants of health outcomes, and as contributors to vulnerability to poverty. While the literature has paid much attention to the lack of financial resources in the context of economic development, newer research stresses that poverty does not only manifest in deprivation, but also in economic insecurity and risk. Vulnerability to poverty is an important dimension of individual welfare which is commonly unaddressed by conventional measures of poverty. This dissertation (1) assesses the linkages between economic insecurity, poverty and health outcomes, and (2) provides a better understanding of the role that risk plays in the welfare loss from poverty.The first chapter examines vulnerability to poverty, i.e. the inability of individuals to cope with economic risks in an environment of deprivation in the context of South Africa. It uses a Monte Carlo bootstrap method to simulate future poverty outcomes using five waves of data between 2008 and 2017, given randomized shocks to consumption, which are drawn from the distribution of shocks across the population. This chapter finds that conventional poverty measures underestimate the number of vulnerable South Africans by 6.1 percent.The second chapter evaluates welfare losses from vulnerability using the same South African panel data. It decomposes the welfare loss into its components, namely, the welfare loss due to poverty and the welfare loss due to risk. It finds that the welfare loss from vulnerability is 25 percent, compared to the collective welfare in a situation where there is no risk and no inequality or poverty. This chapter shows that most vulnerability is due to poverty, or deprivation in consumption, confirming existing literature on the persistence of poverty.The third chapter explores the association between economic insecurity, poverty and obesity. Specifically, it connects indicators of income volatility to body mass index (BMI), and highlights the differing relationship for individuals at various income levels. Higher income volatility is related to a significantly lower BMI, but the relationship varies across different measures for income volatility and across the income distribution. Income does not seem to function as a buffer against the effect of economic insecurity on BMI, as a relationship can only be established for the better off.EconomicsEconomic Development, Mobility, Non-communicable diseases, Poverty, VulnerabilityEconomicsDegree Awarded: Ph.D. Economics. American Universit
Combating the Persistence & Increasing Antibiotic Resistance in Biofilms with a High Throughput Calcium Alginate Hydrogel Assay
No full textA presentation that was delivered in the Fifth University Research Day at the Catholic University of America in 2020.This research was collaborated with Hao Wang, Sangwon Lee, Yi Wang, Kenneth S. Phillips, Food and Drug Administratio
Characterizing Keratin 19 and Cyclin D3 Domains Required For Their Interactions in Breast Cancer Cells
No full textA presentation that was delivered in the Fifth University Research Day at the Catholic University of America in 2020.This research was collaborated with Pooja Sharm
The Path to the Patent Office
No full textA presentation that was delivered in the Fifth University Research Day at the Catholic University of America in 2020
President Garvey's Research Day Message
No full textWelcome message delivered by President Garvey for 2020 Catholic University Research Da