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Exposing Couture: Soviet Fashion on Display during the Cold War
No full textThis dissertation explores Soviet fashion’s international interactions, reception, and evolution during the Cold War. In the late 1950s, fashion began to play an important role in the competition over living standards with the West, reflecting the Soviet Union’s commitment to socialist values, embrace of inclusivity, and artistic and industrial productivity. At the same time, fashion helped to foster cultural exchange in ways that transcended the East-West divide. Soviet designers followed global trends, but they became known for their national designs too. As Soviet fashion’s reputation continued to grow, it debuted on the world market in 1966 as an export. A year later, Moscow became a fashion capital of sorts when it hosted the International Fashion Festival and Clothing Exhibition. Thereafter, the Soviet Union continued to promote sartorial ties internationally, despite deteriorating economic conditions at home. These connections helped to establish Moscow’s contemporary status in the fashion world.Utilizing a diverse range of archival and periodical sources, such as exhibition comments books, official reports, women’s and fashion magazines, and newspapers, this dissertation analyzes Soviet fashion from a variety of perspectives over the course of approximately thirty years, while also considering its legacy today. Beyond the Soviet perspective, American, British, and French interpretations paint a complex and nuanced picture of Soviet style that reflects not only Cold War stereotypes and misperceptions, but also the ways in which fashion promoted mutual understanding as a universal concern. The analysis offers some comparative insight into how both the East and the West propagated and perceived fashion in the Cold War, and it looks at the role that women’s bodies and appearances played in the competition because of their connection to national identity and clothing production and consumption. This dissertation contributes to the scholarship on the cultural Cold War, challenging notions of Western cultural predominance, and studies of Soviet, socialist, Russian, and international fashion.Russian historyFashionWomen's studiesCold War, Cultural exchange, Fashion, Perceptions, Russia, Soviet UnionHistoryDegree Awarded: Ph.D. History. American Universit
Michelangelo's Rodanini Pieta: Inability or Innovation?
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
Piero and the Courts of Rimini, Ferrara and Urbino
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
The Problem of Color in Contemporary Sculpture
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
The Influence of Art Nouveau on Pablo Picasso 1898-1907
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
The Chapel at Ronchamp by Le Corbusier 1951-1955
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
Setting the stage for increased accountability: the White Ribbon Alliance Nigeria Campaign to improve maternal, newborn, and child health in Niger state
No full textAccountability Note. May 2019, Number 6. 24 pages
The Incarnation’s Impact on Grace: The Economy of Divine Salvific Action in Human History According to the Thought of Cardinal Charles Journet
No full textCardinal Charles Journet’s theology of the history of salvation Essai de Théologie de l’Historie du Salut, Volume IV of his L’Église du Verbe incarné (EVI), prioritized the divinity of Christ and illustrated a strong Christological focus, both of which serve as a basis for his theology of grace. The internal, theological logic of EVI IV is this: Christ’s Incarnation and redemption caused a development in sanctifying grace; the change in grace caused a development of the Church; these two developments defined the way in which salvation history unfolds in the world.Journet’s overarching organizing theological principle is that all things are ordered to the glory of Christ. The Father glorifies Christ for His objective redemption of fallen man, wherein a new order of grace (Christic grace) is inaugurated. In addition, man actually reaching beatitude subjectively (via a graced love of preference) results in man rendering a twofold glory to God.Journet’s theology of grace is based on two principles: i) the interchange of divine grace and human free will occurs in a relationship of First Transcendent Causality and secondary causality, and ii) the freedom of the creature is consistently respected by God. This dissertation maintains that it is Journet’s theological emphasis on the constant availability of Christic sanctifying grace that: i) provides an umbrella under which God’s redemptive action in the world can be seen as intelligible, and ii) elucidates how the rational creature attains (or fails to attain) salvation. This dissertation argues, furthermore, that Journet’s understanding of recapitulation emphasizes that the world of redemption is better, in total, than the universe of innocence, precisely because the change in sanctifying grace brought about by the Incarnation and redemptive act (the divine response to sin) permits man to be conformed to the suffering Christ. This dissertation, finally, draws out the ecclesiological implications of Journet’s Christocentric theology of grace.Since the Church is the Mystical Body of Christ and the City of God, it is equivalent to the “world of redemption,” and is the visible vehicle through which grace is communicated to mankind, most efficaciously through the sacraments.TheologyGrace, Incarnation, RecapitulationSystematic TheologyDegree Awarded: S.T.D. Systematic Theology. The Catholic University of Americ
The Use of Vapocoolant Spray for Intravenous Catheter Placement Analgesia by Direct Care Nurses
No full textAccording to the American Society for Pain Management in Nursing, pharmacological and non- pharmacological pain management should be used during all painful procedures (Czarnecki et al., 2011). At the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, direct care nurses are not privileged to use transdermal lidocaine for intravenous (IV) placement, resulting in patients experiencing unnecessary pain. Vapocoolant spray has been shown to be an alternative to transdermal lidocaine for IV placement analgesia. The PICOT question for this project was, in a sample of direct care nurses and patients, does the use of vapocoolant spray decrease pain during IV placement in a one-month trial period. Secondarily, nurse and patient satisfaction with the vapocoolant spray, and their preference for its use was measured. During the trial period, after a patient received vapocoolant spray during their IV placement they were asked to complete a survey assessing their opinions on vapocoolant spray. At the end on the trial period, nurses were asked to complete a survey detailing their opinions of vapocoolant spray. Results of the project were mixed. All of the patients reported that their pain was either the same or better with vapocoolant spray. Half of the patients, 57.1%, would use the spray again. While 100% of the nurses indicated that the patients appeared to be in less pain, only 50% would use the spray in the future. Despite a small sample size, this project supports the continued use of vapocoolant spray during IV placement.Nursingintravenous catheter, IV placement analgesia, numbing spray, pain during intravenous catheter, vapocoolant sprayNursingDegree Awarded: D.N.P. Nursing. The Catholic University of Americ
Magnetic Origins of Cool Plasma in the Sun's Corona
No full textMuch of solar physics research focuses on two questions: how the corona's temperature becomes hundreds of times hotter than the surface, and how the slow solar wind forms. Among the most fascinating phenomena produced by coronal heating is coronal rain, in which plasma undergoes rapid cooling (from roughly 106 to 103 K), condenses, and falls to the surface. One proposed rain origin theory, thermal nonequilibrium (TNE), posits a height restriction in coronal heating. By studying condensations, physicists hope to better understand coronal heating.Solar wind is often subdivided into fast and slow wind. The former originates in coronal hole regions; slow wind's source, however, is still under debate. One leading theory postulates that it comes from coronal hole boundaries, where magnetic field lines frequently reconnect.This dissertation investigates the origins and dynamics of coronal rain via study of recently-discovered structures called raining null-point topologies, or RNPTs. RNPTs – the first identification and characterization of which comprise part of this work – are decaying active regions situated near coronal hole boundaries, between 50-150 Mm in height. They are host to long periods of continuous coronal rain formation, and provide insight into coronal heating, slow solar wind origins, and coronal dynamics. This dissertation poses the following science questions:1. What specific mechanisms power the coronal rain and dynamics in RNPTs?2. What do these structures and the rain they contain tell us about the fundamental mechanisms of coronal heating?3. What do these structures and the rain they contain tell us about the fundamental origins and mechanisms of the slow solar wind?First, we focus on identifying and analyzing RNPTs' observational characteristics. We process and analyze RNPT data using both the Solar Dynamics Observatory Atmospheric Imaging Assembly and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. Potential field source-surface extrapolations that model the magnetic field in the corona aid in the interpretation of the structures' topology. Next, we conduct a heating regime parameter study of 1D hydrodynamic simulations using the HYDrodynamic and RADiation Code (HYDRAD). This models a single flux tube that approaches the null, producing large asymmetry and a drastic cross-sectional expansion near the loop apex.Results indicate that RNPTs experience two rain-forming mechanisms, thermal nonequilibrium and interchange reconnection. The interchange reconnection is posited to power much of the early bursts of coronal rain, which constitutes a new rain-formation mechanism and allows for plasma from closed loops to escape into the slow solar wind. Observations also show evidence of partial condensations, which condense but do not fully cool. The results of the modeling study imply that heating scale heights in RNPTs must be much lower than in symmetric loops in order to support the observed TNE cycles. They also show that the apex's large expansion introduces a reverse siphon flow and suppresses condensations. The simulations show significant decreases in density near the apex and warm condensations, in good agreement with the observations. This two- pronged approach produces a broad yet detailed study of RNPT dynamics.Plasma physicscoronal rain, hydrodynamic simulation, interchange reconnection, magnetic reconnection, null points, solar coronaPhysicsDegree Awarded: Ph.D. Physics. The Catholic University of Americ