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Overcoming Barriers: Trajectories for a School Environment That Promotes the Participation of Adolescents with Chronic Conditions
No full textInternational audienceThe characteristics of the school environment can influence students’ participation. Therefore, exploring the existing barriers to school participation and academic success of students with chronic conditions (CCs) is essential since they are a population at an increased risk for impairments and difficulties in these areas. This specific study aimed to explore the personal and school-environment variables associated with the school participation of students with CCs. Additionally, it aimed to analyze the differences between (1) male and female adolescents concerning the impact of CCs on school participation and the personal and school-environment variables; and (2) adolescents with and without school participation affected by the existing CCs regarding personal and school-environment variables. This work included 1442 adolescents with CCs, 56.3% female (n = 769), with a mean age of 15.17 years (SD = 2.33), participating in the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) 2022 study. The results showed that girls and students with school participation affected by CCs are at greater risk regarding the personal and school-environment variables under study. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis of the association between these variables and the school participation of students with CCs, a greater weight of personal variables was observed, followed by those of the school environment related to interpersonal relationships and, finally, the physical environment and safety-at-school variables. The study highlights the relevance of considering the existing barriers to school participation and academic success of students with CCs. The results also underline the importance of aligning the intervention of health and education professionals and policymakers. All of these professionals must make a joint effort to overcome existing barriers in the school context and move towards an increasingly balanced environment that promotes and protects the equal participation of all students
One Health : de multiples freins à lever: Santé humaine, animale et des écosystèmes : des liens profonds mais une appréhension atomisée
No full textInternational audience"One Health" renforce la coopération multilatérale pour faire face aux menaces sanitaires mondiales. 75% des maladies infectieuses humaines émergentes sont des zoonoses. Intégrer un tronc commun "One Health" à la formation universitaire peut changer le paradigme
Rendre accessibles et ludiques les modèles explicatifs du handicap : questions éthiques et méthodologiques autour de la création d’un jeu pédagogique, collaboratif, à visée inclusive.: questions éthiques et méthodologiques autour de la création d’un jeu pédagogique, collaboratif, à visée inclusive.
No full textInternational audienceCette communication fait référence à la recherche-action Mhan-Access (2023-25, financée par la FIRAH et la Fondation de France). Celle-ci a été conçue et est menée par une équipe transnationale (Belgique, France, Roumanie, Suisse) réunissant des personnes ayant l’expérience vécue des incapacités et du handicap, des professionnels du champ médico-social, issus des domaines de la formation, et des chercheur·e·s en sciences humaines et sociales. Elle vise à créer un jeu pédagogique, collaboratif et à visée inclusive.Elle s’inscrit dans le cadre des perspectives apportées par le changement de paradigme opéré dans le champ du handicap, permettant le passage d’un modèle biomédical individuel à un modèle systémique du handicap. Les deux modèles conceptuels que sont 1) la Classification internationale du fonctionnement, du handicap et de la santé (CIF, OMS, 2001) et 2) le Modèle de développement humain - Processus de Production du Handicap (MDH-PPH, RIPPH, 1998, 2018), y font référence.Elle est bâtie autour de plusieurs objectifs :1) construire un jeu de cartes pédagogique et collaboratif pour rendre accessibles et ludiques les modèles explicatifs du handicap. Il s’agit de faire comprendre l’aspect multidimensionnel des facteurs explicatifs du handicap et de sensibiliser à l’impact – positif ou négatif - des environnements sur les situations vécues par les personnes handicapées.2) porter une attention au processus de création du jeu : faire progresser la production de connaissances menée dans une dynamique inclusive. L’apport de l’observation des réunions de travail, par une chercheure spécialiste de la communication, ainsi que des retours remontés par celle-ci à l’ensemble des partenaires, améliorent la communication et la participation de tous et toutes au projet, tout en répondant à ce premier objectif ;3) enfin, par le jeu, contribuer à la modification des représentations sociales sur le handicap en visant à plus longue échéance l’amélioration de la participation et de l’inclusion pleines et effectives à la société, de l’exercice des droits et de la qualité de vie des personnes handicapées, en référence notamment aux principes de la Convention des Nations unies relative aux droits des personnes handicapées, (ONU, CDPH, 2006).Cette communication propose d’instaurer un débat en évoquant différents enjeux éthiques spécifiques au domaine du handicap et aux expériences des personnes concernées, des enjeux associés au développement du jeu et des enjeux pédagogiques, tout en présentant les solutions choisies
First things first: measuring French Medical schools’ deans motivation to engage in smoke-free campus
No full textInternational audienceSmoke-free campuses (SFC) prohibit smoking and vaping on all university grounds and for all users. Around a hundred of papers was published on that topic revealing how they reduce initiation and increase smoking cessation among students. Whereas it is key for the success of all project, including SFC, very rare research has investigated attitude of high-level leaders of universities toward SFC, their perceived barriers and motivation to adopt it. To fill this gap, we interviewed deans of medical schools in France, where SFC are limited. In-depth individual interviews were conducted on 31 deans and two associate-deans (representing 31 out of 35 French medical schools). Questions rose knowledge of SFC, perception of this measure, self-role to play and other factors influencing implementation. We targeted medical schools because they train future prescribers of smoking cessation, and can act as a model for policy dissemination to other schools. The 23 hours of interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis with Nvivo14. Regarding diffusion in 2023, only one medical school had a SFC, six were implementing it, 23 had no SFC and one abandoned it. 28 held positive attitudes towards SFC, explained by its impact on health and the mission of medical schools. Most of them considered SFC feasible with resources and engagement of students. Identified barriers were competing priority, lack of funding and of support from users and risk of stigmatization of smokers. A majority of deans thought they had a role to play in initiating, promoting and moderating the policy. SFC are recommended by the WHO but there is important room for improvement for their diffusion in France. Yet, a majority of deans we interviewed appeared motivated to adopt it. Solutions to encourage them and overcome barriers must be found. Key messages • Diffusion of SFC among medical schools remains limited in France. • Deans’s positive attitude towards SFC bring hope for a better diffusion of SFC among French universities
La formation des professionnels de santé par la simulation : quelles perspectives de recherche en sciences de gestion ? Réflexions à partir de deux études de cas
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Epidémies dues à un arbovirus transmis par le moustique Aedes albopictus en France hexagonale: probabilité d'apparition, ampleur de la transmission et impacts sanitaires, économiques et sociaux
No full textCitation suggérée : Anses. (2024). Epidémies dues à un arbovirus transmis par le moustique Aedes albopictus enFrance hexagonale : probabilité d'apparition, ampleur de la transmission et impacts sanitaires,économiques et sociaux (saisine 2022-SA-0146). Maisons-Alfort : Anses, 247 p
Apprendre à travailler ensemble en santé: Retour sur une expérience interprofessionnelle
No full textInternational audienceInfirmières, pharmaciens, médecins généralistes, ergothérapeutes, kinésithérapeutes, orthophonistes, diététiciennes, sages-femmes, psychologues, assistantes sociales… et tous les autres : il existe une grande diversité de professionnels habilités, chacun dans son domaine de compétences, à prendre soin des habitants d’un territoire, à promouvoir la santé dans ses dimensions physiques, psychologiques et sociales, réputées indissociables. Ce livre rend compte d’une expérience : la mise en œuvre de séminaires qui réunissent des étudiants de différentes filières sanitaires et sociales pour apprendre à travailler ensemble. Si l’idée paraît simple et frappée au coin du bon sens, sa réalisation s’avère beaucoup plus complexe : comment passer de la pluri à l’interprofessionnalité ?Découvrez au fil des pages l’expérience portée par des enseignants de Rennes (DMG et autres instituts de formation) et l'Afdet (Association francophone pour le développement de l'éducation thérapeutique)
The prolonged impact of a one-day wildfire on community health: Findings from the 2023 Gangneung wildfire in Korea
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND AND AIM[|]A wildfire occurred in Gyeongpo-dong, Gangneung-si, Korea, on April 11, 2023, and lasted for 8 hours. While residents near the fire may experience adverse health effects, current evidence for such short-term events is scarce. By utilizing the Gangneung-si wildfire as a natural experiment, this study addressed the impact of wildfire on community health.[¤]METHOD[|]The number of hospital visits by residents in Gyeongpo-dong was compared with those from 20 other districts in Gangneung-si using the generalized synthetic control method. The pre-wildfire period, defined as the 29 weeks preceding the wildfire, served as the baseline, and the cumulative effect of the wildfire on Gyeongpo-dong residents was estimated for the 0-8 weeks following the wildfire. The weekly number of hospital visits was extracted from the National Health Insurance Database. Analyses involving different exposure definitions and falsification tests with random time points were conducted.[¤]RESULTS[|]During the 8 weeks following the wildfire, an excess increase in hospital visits for respiratory diseases [316.6 cases (95% confidence interval (CI): 108.0, 659.0)] was observed in Gyeongpo-dong. In a disease-specific analysis for respiratory diseases, an excess increase was observed in acute upper respiratory infections [177.1 cases (95% CI: 95.1, 279.9)], influenza and pneumonia [100.2 cases (95% CI: 60.2, 187.7)], and chronic lower respiratory diseases [107.9 cases (95% CI: 53.5, 214.8)]. During the 4 weeks following the wildfire, an excess increase in hospital visits for cardiovascular diseases [112.1 cases (95% CI: 58.3, 170.6)], especially for hypertensive disorders [86.4 cases (95% CI: 30.3, 144.9)] and ischemic heart diseases [19.4 cases (95% CI: 4.6, 39.3)] in Gyeongpo-dong residents.[¤]CONCLUSIONS[|]Excessive hospital visits were observed among the residents living close to the wildfire. While the Gangneung-si wildfire lasted for only 8 hours, its health impact on local residents persisted for over 2 months
Optimizing Communication on HPV Vaccination to Parents of 11- to 14-Year-Old Adolescents in France: A Discrete Choice Experiment
No full textInternational audienceBackground: With the aim to optimize communication during HPV vaccination campaigns in France, we elicited parental preferences around HPV vaccination.Methods: We conducted a single-profile discrete choice experiment (DCE) among parents of 11- to 14-year-old middle-school pupils, who completed an anonymous, self-administered, internet-based questionnaire during 2020-2021. The DCE comprised five attributes (vaccine-preventable disease, justification of optimal age, information on safety, indirect protection and coverage) of vaccination against an unnamed disease that were presented to respondents in ten choice tasks, or scenarios. We use fixed effect logit models to estimate attribute weights on theoretical vaccine acceptance, and random effect linear regression to estimate attribute coefficients on vaccine eagerness (decision and decision certainty). We estimated marginal effects of attributes on expected vaccine acceptance.Results: Vaccination scenarios were accepted by 55.6-89.2% of the 1291 participants. The largest marginal effects on expected vaccine acceptance in the full sample arose from prevention of cancer versus genital warts (+ 11.3 percentage points); from a "severe side effect suspicion that was not scientifically confirmed" versus a statement about "more benefits than risks" (+ 8.9 percentage points), and information on 80% vaccine coverage in neighbouring countries versus on "insufficient coverage" (+ 4.2 percentage points). Explaining the early age of vaccination by sexual debut had a strong negative impact among French monolingual parents with lower education level (vs age-independent, OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27-0.86), but not other socio-economic groups. After removing low-quality responses (unvaried certainty and short questionnaire completion), among serial non-demanders with children not vaccinated against HPV, only disease elimination impacted vaccine eagerness positively (coefficient 0.54, 0.06-1.02).Discussion: Using DCEs to elicit parents' preferences around communication messages, notably on cancer prevention, vaccine coverage and information about vaccine safety, could help to optimize HPV vaccination promotion efforts
Cost of Carbon in the Total Cost of Healthcare Procedures: A Methodological Challenge
No full textInternational audienceEconomic evaluations aim to compare the costs and the results of health strategies to guide the public decision-making process. Cost estimation is, thus, a cornerstone of this approach. At present, few national evaluation agencies recommend incorporating the cost of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from healthcare actions into the calculation of healthcare costs. Our main goal is to describe and discuss the methodology for integrating the cost of GHG emissions into the field of applied economic evaluations. To estimate this cost, three steps are required: (1) identifying and quantifying the physical flows linked to the production and management of the outputs of healthcare interventions, (2) estimating the quantity of GHG that can be attributed to each physical flow, and (3) valuing these GHG emissions in monetary terms. Integrating the cost of GHG emissions into the calculation of the costs of healthcare interventions is both useful and relevant from a perspective of collective intergenerational well-being. This approach has been made possible thanks to the existence of accounting and monetary valuation methods for emissions. Agencies specialized in health economic evaluations could take up this issue to resolve ongoing questions, thus providing researchers with a methodological framework and public decision-makers with some key insights