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From non-specific biomarker to targeted action: transdiagnostic and sex-specific drivers of high-CRP status in severe mental illness across the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise (FACE) cohorts
No full textInternational audienceBackground and objectives: Low-grade systemic inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of severe mental illness (SMI) in a substantial subset of patients, who often experience greater disease burden and poorer treatment response. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), defined as CRP ≥ 3 mg/L, has been proposed to identify this group, but its non-specificity limits the biomarker's ability to guide targeted intervention. We aimed to determine the most consistent drivers of high CRP across bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD), and to translate these into clinically actionable intervention targets using robust data-driven methods.Methods: We pooled and harmonised data from three large French national SMI cohorts (n = 7149: 4797 bipolar disorder, 1958 schizophrenia and 394 resistant major depression) and classified participants by CRP ≥ 3 mg/L, as well as an alternative cut-off of 5 mg/L. We applied penalised logistic regression (PLR), random forests (RF) and unsupervised clustering, using 28 biopsychosocial variables to identify robust drivers of high-CRP status. We then grouped these into actionable targets and assessed relative dominance.Results: In total, 30.16% of participants had CRP ≥ 3 mg/L. PLR identified female sex (OR [95% CI]: 1.60 [1.27, 1.93]), higher BMI (OR: 1.09 [1.07, 1.13]), current nicotine dependence (OR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.09]), lower HDL cholesterol (OR: 0.57 [0.44, 0.73]) and smoking (ex-smoker status OR: 0.84 [0.66, 0.98]) as consistent drivers. RF highlighted a similar set of key drivers, also including waist circumference, triglycerides and cardiovascular comorbidities. Clustering of the high-CRP group was almost entirely driven by smoking status and nicotine dependence. When grouped into actionable targets, the identified drivers accounted for 16% of variance in CRP status, with obesity emerging as most dominant contributor. This pattern was most pronounced in females; in males it was more diffuse, with a more prominent role for smoking.Conclusions: We propose a decision tree framework where CRP can serve as a first-line screening marker for inflammation in SMI, with subsequent steps focusing on the main contributing factors to guide targeted interventions. Priority should be given to targeting obesity and metabolic dysregulation. Among females, hyperuricemia represents the next most appropriate target, whereas in males, smoking warrants greater attention. This stepwise approach provides a route from a nonspecific biomarker to targeted treatment strategies and should be validated in prospective studies
Compact Mamba Multi-View for Object Detection
No full textMulti-view image analysis is a key enabler for robust perception when single viewpoints provide incomplete or ambiguous observations. This challenge is particularly pronounced in industrial inspection of transparent materials, where view-dependent optical effects, subtle surface degradations, and annotation noise significantly hinder reliable detection and severity assessment. In this work, we introduce a compact and efficient multi-view fusion architecture tailored to such constraints. Our approach combines shared-weight hierarchical encoders with selective state-space modeling to explicitly exploit cross-view and multi-scale correlations. Multi-View Mamba Blocks (MVMB) perform adaptive fusion at each feature level by coupling Mamba-based selective state-space layers with FiLM-driven cross-view conditioning, while a Global State-Space Fusion Block enforces long-range coherence across all views and resolutions. Task-specific decoding heads query the resulting global representation via cross-attention to jointly predict object localization and ordinal wear severity. The model is trained using a unified multi-task objective that integrates geometric regression, ordinal classification, cross-view consistency, feature alignment, and sequential smoothness. Extensive experiments on a challenging multi-view glass container inspection dataset demonstrate improved robustness, consistency, and scalability compared to strong baselines. To promote reproducibility and future research, we publicly release the proposed dataset at: https://datasets.liris.cnrs.fr/mvep-version1
GWTC-4.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries
No full textInternational audienceWe detail the population properties of merging compact objects using 158 mergers from the cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 4.0, which includes three types of binary mergers: binary neutron star, neutron star--black hole binary, and binary black hole mergers. We resolve multiple over- and under-densities in the black hole mass distribution: features persist at primary masses of and with a possible third feature at . These are departures from an otherwise power-law-like continuum that steepens above . Binary black holes with primary masses near are more likely to have less massive secondaries, with a mass ratio distribution peaking at , potentially a signature of stable mass transfer during binary evolution. Black hole spins are inferred to be non-extremal, with 90% of black holes having , and preferentially aligned with binary orbits, implying many merging binaries form in isolation. However, we find a significant fraction, 0.24-0.42, of binaries have negative effective inspiral spins, suggesting many could be formed dynamically in gas-free environments. We find evidence for correlation between effective inspiral spin and mass ratio, though it is unclear if this is driven by variation in the mode of the distribution or the width. (Abridged
Mechanism of Ag+-induced Folding of a Bacterial Peptide from Replica-Exchange Molecular Simulations
No full textInteractions between proteins and metal cations are central to biochemical processes and shape protein structures. SilE, an intrinsically disordered protein involved in bacterial silver-resistance, folds into alpha-helices upon binding Ag+ ions. Focusing on the B1 peptide fragment from SilE, we investigate the mechanism of Ag +-induced folding with atomistic simulations and experiments. Guided by Mass Spectrometry and NMR, we prepare a structural model of Ag+-bound B1, which we parametrize using DFT. Then, with replica-exchange simulations and deep learning, we map B1's folding landscape and how it is shaped by Ag+. Specifically, Ag + binding promotes folding by lowering the entropy of the disordered state and stabilizing the folded state. We also describe how Ag+ alters the folding pathways. Overall, we improve the understanding of metalinduced protein folding and lay the groundwork for further computational investigations of the bacterial silver-resistance machinery
An angiosperm‐wide perspective on reproductive strategies and floral traits
No full textInternational audienceFlowering plants have many modes of sexual reproduction, notably varying from selfing to outcrossing, and from bisexual flowers to individuals with separate sexes (dioecy). These reproductive modes are associated with floral and life‐history traits that have evolved together, making it difficult to interpret correlations between traits. We analysed variation in 21 traits related to flowers, pollination, mating, sexual systems and life history from 361 species representative of flowering plant diversity. Outcrossing was mainly found among long‐lived, large‐stature plants, but hermaphroditic outcrossers and dioecious species appeared as largely nonoverlapping strategies in the trait space. Level of floral investment was the main difference between these strategies, with dioecious species having generally smaller, less rewarding flowers, a pattern that also occurred in biotically pollinated species. This multi‐trait study shows that pollination can be achieved in many, often contrasting, ways. Despite extensive variation in reproductive traits, dioecy stands out as being linked to floral traits primarily, while correlations with lifespan and dispersal traits appear spurious. We provide a conceptual framework based on lifespan, floral investment and sexual separation that can be used to integrate pollination, reproduction and plant growth in future research on plant evolution and ecology
Measurement of the Z production cross section and search for anomalous neutral triple gauge couplings in pp collisions at = 13 TeV
No full textInternational audienceA measurement of the fiducial cross section of the associated production of a Z boson and a high- photon, where the Z decays to two neutrinos, and a search for anomalous triple gauge couplings are reported. The results are based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at = 13 TeV during 20162018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb. The fiducial Z cross section, where a photon with a greater than 225 GeV is produced in association with a Z, and the Z decays to a pair (Z()), is measured to be 23.3 fb, in agreement, within uncertainties, with the standard model prediction. The differential cross section as a function of the photon has been measured and compared with standard model predictions computed at next-to-leading and at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. Constraints have been placed on the presence of anomalous couplings that affect the ZZ and Z vertex using the spectrum of the photons. The observed 95% confidence level intervals for -conserving and are determined to be (3.4, 3.5) 10 and (6.8, 6.8) 10, and for and they are (2.2, 2.2) 10 and (4.1, 4.2) 10, respectively. These are the strictest limits to date on , and
Transactional stress model of annoyance provocation among women onboard paratransit buses: Travel safety and satisfaction
No full textInternational audienceWomen are susceptible to annoyance-provoked conflicts and harassment in public transport, particularly in paratransit. Knowing how they cope with onboard conflicts and travel inconveniences will help improve travel safety and satisfaction. However, the conceptualization and modeling of female transactional stressors in transportation have received little attention. This research gap leads to a limited understanding of women's travel inconveniences and coping strategies. To address this problem, this study borrows the Transaction Stress Model (TSM) from behavioral science to conceptualize a structural equation model based on the lived experiences of 265 female paratransit passengers and bus conductors in Accra, Ghana. This study investigates (1) the factors that provoke female passenger-conductor annoyance, (2) mediators of annoyance provocation and women's coping mechanisms, and (3) how passenger-conductor annoyance impacts driver distraction. The results reveal that passenger-related annoyances significantly impact female passengers, bus conductors, and drivers, negatively affecting service quality and safety. Also, passenger conflicts and environmental factors significantly influence driver behavior. Several moderating factors, such as family size, ridership, and education level, have been identified as influencing coping strategies. Recommended interventions include improved passenger education, behavior management, enhanced conductor training and support, and increased investment in service quality. This study contributes to improving women's travel safety and satisfaction by addressing passenger-conductor annoyance to guide transport service operators and safety managers
Sesquiterpene diversity and TPS-a gene characterization in the pelargonium genus
No full textInternational audienceSesquiterpenes are key molecules nurturing the complex and subtle base notes of pelargonium fragrances. Yet, their contribution to the essential oil olfactory profile and their biosynthesis are far from being well understood. We therefore explored sesquiterpene composition in 10 pelargonium accessions and revealed that, although lowly accumulated, their wide diversity participates to the biochemical uniqueness of each fragrance. We further investigated sesquiterpene biosynthesis thanks to a multiomic approach, integrating transcriptomic together with metabolomic data. A phylogenetic analysis of pelargonium TPS-a subfamily first revealed a total of 21 groups of orthology and denoted a strong transcriptional regulation of related enzymes. Seven sesquiterpene synthases were then wisely selected for functional characterization, both in vitro and in planta. Among them, two 6,9-guaidiene synthases were characterized for the first time in plants. Finally, we explored the role of amino acids located in the active site of sesquiterpene synthases in the enzymatic mechanism using site-directed mutagenesis. Altogether, this work highlights the great potential of the multiomic approach to predict TPS functions, but also exposes its limitations, inherent to terpene synthase's plasticity.</div