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Pulse Catalytic Isopropanol Dehydration to Propylene Over Natural Acidic Clays: Comparison With Zeolite and Amorphous Silica‐Alumina
No full textInternational audienceThe potential of saponite clays, hydrous magnesium silicates with low content of aluminium, is investigated in the selective isopropanol catalytic dehydration to propylene. Their performances are compared with the activity of montmorillonite clays, low-alumina zeolite and amorphous silica–aluminas. All solids were characterized by XRD, N2 sorption isotherms, TGA-IR, NH3 adsorption FTIR, NH3/SO2 adsorption microcalorimetry, and solid-state 1H and 27Al NMR. The physico-chemical analyses show that the samples are predominantly mesoporous, except zeolite, with BET surface areas ranging from 130 to 430 m2/g. All catalysts display acidic character and are thermally stable below 300°C. Their catalytic performances were evaluated by using a pulse catalytic reactor set inside a calorimeter (DSC-GC). This technique offers a convenient way to screen industrially relevant temperature regimes that balance activity, selectivity and process economy of different type of solids. Catalytic testing revealed that below 150°C, clays outperformed amorphous silica-aluminas, whereas the zeolite, although giving high conversion, is not suitable for the application due to a low selectivity to propylene (10%). An optimized activation temperature is the key parameter allowing clays to preserve structural stability, moderate surface area with favorable pore structure and to maintain a suitable number of acid sites
Introducing community pharmacy students to motivational interviewing to support patient behavior change
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a collaborative communication technique that aims to strengthen patient's motivation and commitment to behavior change. However, MI remains insufficiently integrated into pharmacy curricula in France.Aim: To assess the educational value of introducing MI to fifth-year community pharmacy students to MI and assess their satisfaction with the course.Methods: The course, using a hybrid learning approach, was organized around three components: self-directed learning (MI theories and concepts), face-to-face training to develop MI skills (practical exercises and simulations), and continuous summative evaluations. An anonymous questionnaire was developed and distributed to students in order to assess the relevance of MI training and their satisfaction.Results: Ninety-three of 96 students completed the questionnaire. Overall, 82% of students strongly agreed that community pharmacists have a role in supporting patient's motivation to change their health behavior, 93% of students agreed or strongly agreed that the skills acquired during the course were relevant to their future practice. For them, the priority topics for using MI are tobacco cessation, medication adherence and vaccination.Conclusion: Integrating MI into pharmacy curricula was well-received and motivated students to pursue further training. Simulation-based, hybrid approaches appear effective in building knowledge and communication skills essential for patient-centered care
Multi-criteria and multi-stage environmental study of Pl@ntnet service for the year 2024
No full textIn this study, we focus our investigation on Pl@ntNet, a citizen science platform, which re- lies on Artificial Intelligence (AI) models to identify plant species. Pl@ntNet provides a large-scale infrastructure supporting millions of users in over 200 countries. At this stage of deployment, and with years of experience developing the platform, Pl@ntNet is committed to understanding the environmental impacts of its identification service and contributing to the search for reduction opportunities. Our investigations assess the associated environmental impacts of Pl@ntNet for the year 2024. We based our approach on multi-criteria LCA, considering multiple impact type and the different life-cycle phases
Marmontel, Diderot et l'anticolonialisme face à la rupture révolutionnaire
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Nivolumab ± Ipilimumab in Patients With Pretreated Advanced Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: The GCO-001 NIPINEC Randomized Phase II Trial
No full textInternational audiencePURPOSE There is no standard second-line therapy for gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) and lung large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) after the failure of platinum-based chemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of nivolumab ± ipilimumab. METHODS The GCO-001-NIPINEC (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03591731 ) trial was a noncomparative, open-label, phase II trial. The main inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years, performance status (PS) ≤2, advanced large- and small-cell GEP-NEC and large-cell lung NEC, and second- or third-line treatment for NECs refractory to platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) and stratified by age and PS to receive nivolumab (3 mg/kg/once every 2 weeks) ± ipilimumab (1 mg/kg/once every 6 weeks) for 2 years or until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) at 8 weeks, assessed by investigators. RESULTS A total of 185 patients (91 in the nivolumab arm and 94 in the nivolumab-ipilimumab arm) were enrolled between December 2018 and March 2021; 169 were analyzed (median age of 64.5 years, 71% male, 91% PS 0-1). The main primary tumor locations were lungs (50%), colorectal (15%), gastroesophageal (14%), and pancreatic (13%) regions. The ORR at 8 weeks was 7.2% (95% CI, 2.7 to 15.1]) in the nivolumab arm and 14.0% (95% CI, 7.4 to 23.1) in the nivolumab-ipilimumab arm. The best ORR was 9.6% and 20.9%, respectively, whereas the median progression-free and overall survival were approximately 2 months and 6 months in both arms. One treatment-related death occurred, in the nivolumab arm. The grade 3-4 adverse events (≥5%) were asthenia (13%), gamma-glutamyl transferase increase (10%), alkaline phosphatase increase (9%), dyspnea (7%), and anemia (6%) in the nivolumab-ipilimumab arm. CONCLUSION Nivolumab-ipilimumab could be a second-/third-line treatment option for patients with NECs. However, given the limited magnitude of benefit, studies are warranted to evaluate its use earlier and/or associated with chemotherapy
« Grande-Synthe IV : clap de fin pour le premier contentieux climatique français devant le Conseil d’État », comm. ss CE, 24 octobre 2025, Commune de Grande-Synthe et autres, req. n° 467982
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Problème riche de transport à la demande de personnes à mobilité réduite
No full textInternational audienceProblème riche de transport à la demande de personnes à mobilité réduit
Natural variation in Arabidopsis uncouples leaf and flower development and reveals massive transcriptomic heterochrony
No full textInternational audiencePlant development is a sequence of precisely timed and spatially coordinated events that produce organs such as leaves and flowers. In Arabidopsis thaliana, for example, the development of leaves (called bracts in the inflorescence) halts once the first flower forms. Understanding how this transition is regulated is key for decoding how developmental programmes are coordinated during the floral transition. In this study, we investigated a natural phenotypic variation that uncouples bract repression from flower initiation. We discovered that the continued formation of bracts after the floral transition involves complex genetic interactions across at least four loci. Interestingly, none of these loci included known floral identity genes previously linked to bract repression, pointing to novel regulators in the coordination of bract and flower development. Using time-series transcriptomics and curve registration, we found that differences in gene expression levels when bracts persist are mainly driven by a massive desynchronization of gene dynamics. This affects a wide range of biological processes beyond those associated with leaf identity. These findings align with the ‘inverse hourglass’ model, which proposes that transcriptomic divergence at transitional stages contributes to morphological variation. Our results suggest that this model may also explain trait variability within species, highlighting how transcriptome dynamics shape phenotypic robustness during developmental transitions