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Communal coping in high-level sports teams: A mixed-method investigation
No full textInternational audienceCommunal coping, defined as collectively perceiving and addressing stressors as "our problem," plays a critical role in teams’ ability to manage stressful situations. By using a mixed-method approach this study examined (1) the extent to which athletes share their appraisals of stressful match situations, (2) the degree to which they perceive coping strategies as collectively enacted, and (3) psychosocial and contextual factors that may facilitate or hinder these shared processes. Forty-nine elite athletes from four high-level sports teams (basketball, football, and ice hockey) participated in this study. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, whereas qualitative data from the focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis. The quantitative results indicated variability in athletes' shared appraisals of stress intensity and revealed differential use of communal coping strategies across teams and situations. Focus groups provided in-depth qualitative insights into the factors that influenced these processes. The findings highlight that communal coping is a complex social phenomenon influenced by communication, leadership, emotional expression, and environmental contexts such as competition stakes and timing. This study underscores the necessity for mixed methods approaches in future communal coping research, especially in ecological settings, emphasizing both shared appraisal and communal action dimensions. Recommendations for future research include employing larger samples, evaluating both primary and secondary appraisals, and explicitly examining perceptions of stress ownership to enhance understanding of communal coping among sports team
In vitro models to mimic tumor endothelial cell-mediated immune cell reprogramming in lung adenocarcinoma ---
No full textInternational audienceTumor endothelial cells (TECs) play a critical role in regulating immune responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the mechanisms by which TECs modulate immune cell population remain unclear, particularly in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we investigated how NSCLC cells tweak normal endothelial cells (NECs) into TECs and the subsequent effects on immune regulation. NECs were cocultured with various NSCLC cell lines, using 2D and 3D coculture models to evaluate TEC-mediated effects on immune cells. We show that direct coculture led to significant transcriptomic, proteomic and kinomic alterations in TECs, especially in pro-inflammatory pathways. We identified a downregulation of the co-stimulatory molecule OX40L in TECs compared to NECs, suggesting impaired T-cell proliferation support. While TECs showed a limited effect on CD8(+) T-cell activation, TECs supported CD4(+) T-cells polarization into Treg and Th22 subsets. Moreover, TECs also promoted M2-like macrophages polarization, thereby potentially contributing to the TME immunosuppression. State-of-the-art single-cell RNA sequencing of 3D multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) revealed formidable heterogeneity in the tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblast compartments. It also unveiled distinct TEC subpopulations, including an inflammatory subset with an unfolded-protein response signature. This TEC cluster was absent in 2D-cultured NECs but present in freshly isolated and 2D-cultured TECs from NSCLC patients. Importantly, we identified a perivascular M2-like macrophage subset within MCTS that is in close contact with TECs, and is predicted to interact with them through MIF signaling. In conclusion, TECs in NSCLC tumors play a pivotal role in remodeling the TME immune landscape by promoting immune suppression. This study highlights the complex immunoregulatory functions of TECs within different in vitro models that mimic aspects of the TME. Our data may provide new insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting TECs or regulatory signaling to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in NSCLC
StripesCounter: A new image software for increment measurement in paleoclimate archives
No full textInternational audienceMost natural paleoclimate archives are accretionary material presenting periodic structures that bear environmental and/or chronological information. Here we present StripesCounter, an open access Python software designed for automated banding detection and measurement. As a study case, 16-year long profiles of daily growth increment measurements were conducted on a modern shell of the giant clam Tridacna gigas. High resolution images of shell thin sections were obtained using a confocal laser scanning microscopy and processed using StripesCounter. We demonstrate that StripesCounter provides highly reproducible and accurate results. The long time series of daily increments indicate that Tridacna gigas growth is strongly modulated by seasonal oceanographic variations, reflecting changes in sea surface temperature, precipitation, and salinity. Notably, growth profiles reveal semi-annual variations related to semi-annual variations in environmental factors, potentially linked to ENSO events. This automated growth increment analysis can be extended to other archives with cyclic structures, including tree rings, corals, and other biogenic or abiotic laminated materials. StripesCounter offers a powerful and accessible tool for generating long high-resolution, temporally explicit datasets, opening new perspectives for investigating rapid environmental changes across diverse ecosystems and geological timescales
Identity and the Self. How Archaeology Creates Protohistoric Identities
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Les artisans sur la colline. Les céramiques achromes et les pithoi à Incoronata : échanges de techniques et de fonctions.
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Symposium : Enquête, compétences critiques et enseignement de l’histoire
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English to Central Kurdish Speech Translation: Corpus Creation, Evaluation, and Orthographic Standardization
No full textInternational audienceWe present KUTED, a speech-to-text translation (S2TT) dataset for Central Kurdish, derived from TED and TEDx talks. The corpus comprises 91,000 sentence pairs, including 170 hours of English audio, 1.65 million English tokens, and 1.40 million Central Kurdish tokens. We evaluate KUTED on the S2TT task and find that orthographic variation significantly degrades Kurdish translation performance, producing nonstandard outputs. To address this, we propose a systematic text standardization approach that yields substantial performance gains and more consistent translations. On a test set separated from TED talks, a fine-tuned Seamless model achieves 15.18 BLEU, and we improve Seamless baseline by 3.0 BLEU on the FLEURS benchmark. We also train a Transformer model from scratch and evaluate a cascaded system that combines Seamless (ASR) with NLLB (MT).</div
Managed re-alignment: a multifaceted approach in ecological restoration of coastal floodplains
No full textInternational audienceLow-lying coasts in Europe share a long history of land reclamation enabled by flood defences, which radically transformed natural coastal processes and buffers. Traditional coastal adaptation, by raising dykes, is increasingly challenged due to environmental and sustainability issues in light of wetland loss and the climate crisis. Managed re-alignment (MR) departs from “hold the line” coastal defence approaches by encouraging the planned removal or relocation of coastal defence lines and the incorporation of softer, nature-based flood protection. MR implies substantial changes in landscape and land use and has significant local socio-environmental implications. Despite complex conceptual, technical, ecological, political and social challenges, this approach has received increased attention in northwest Europe as a key method towards the ecological restoration of coastal floodplains. In this article, we review: (1) how MR terminology varies according to disciplinary focus, public perception and regional preferences; (2) how emerging hybrid flood defence approaches contribute to restore foreshore environments; (3) how to engage local communities in co-designing MR projects while appropriately acknowledging, valuing and compensating impacts at community level. Finally, we draw lessons learnt from past experience and highlight critical questions at scientific, political and management levels. Managed re-alignment (MR) has been applied in Europe since the 1960s for coastal restoration. Restored areas nevertheless are far from compensating historical wetland losses. Hybrid designs foster a shift towards nature-based coastal adaptation and protection systems. MR supports rethinking spatial planning and advancing integrated coastal zone management. Local engagement is crucial for effective MR planning and better chances of successful outcomes
Who are the healthcare professionals involved in interprofessional team meetings in French multidisciplinary primary care centres? A quantitative analysis of eight centres
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND: Interprofessional collaboration is crucial for providing high-quality care to patients with complex conditions in primary care. In France, multidisciplinary primary care centres (MPCC) receive funding if they organise at least 6 interprofessional team meetings (ITM) per year to discuss complex patient situations and collectively define care strategies. It remains unclear how ITM have been implemented in France. This study analyses healthcare professionals’ involvement in ITMs within MPCCs.METHOD: A multicenter retrospective quantitative study in 8 French MPCCs based on the analysis of ITM reports for the period from 2018 to 2019 was conducted. RESULTS: 1733 patients’situations (n = 1733 cases) discussed during ITMs were analysed. The 8 MPCCs were heterogeneous in terms of geographical location, creation date, and size (3 MPCCs with > 20,000 patients followed by more than 60 professionals and 3 MPCCs with < 20 professionals). On average, five healthcare professionals attended each ITM, with huge variations among MPCCs. The nurse-general practitioner (GP) pair was central. At least one GP was present at 89% (n = 1469) and nurses at 38.15% (n = 630) of ITMs. Participation of other professionals was less frequent and varied according to the MPCC. Physiotherapists were present at 7.8% of ITMs, and other healthcare professionals were present at < 6% of ITMs, including pharmacists (3% of ITMs). In some cases, healthcare professionals external to MPCC, particularly those related to mental health, were also involved in ITMs.CONCLUSIONS: Depending on the MPCC, the professionals involved in ITM vary widely, with the nurse-GP pair at the centre. The relative absence of certain professionals needs to be analysed in order to encourage interprofessional working