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Ten Years On: CSR Motivations and Engagements in French Managers’ Perceptions 2007-2017
No full textInternational audienceWe investigate how managers in French companies report their engagements and motivations regarding corporate social responsibility (CSR) in 2007 and 2017. We conducted and analysed 14 in-depth structured interviews with managers in 2007 and again in 2017. Thematic analysis shows that in 2007, managers focused on instrumental motivations for CSR, citing economically driven artefacts and pro-environmental efforts. In 2017, most managers reported increased and reinforced environmental and social engagements with a parallel shift in the expression of their motivations; seeing CSR as a responsibility to society and future generations, or as a normal, natural activity.Investigamos cómo los gerentes de las empresas francesas se expresan sobre sus compromisos y motivaciones en la responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) en 2007 y 2017. Realizamos y analizamos 14 entrevistas con gerentes en 2007 y nuevamente en 2017. El análisis temático muestra que, en 2007, los gerentes se enfocaron en motivaciones instrumentales, citando artefactos impulsados económicamente y esfuerzos proambientales. En 2017, la mayoría de los gerentes reportaron compromisos ambientales y sociales incrementados y reforzados, con un cambio paralelo en la expresión de sus motivaciones; ver la RSC como una responsabilidad normal con la sociedad y las generaciones futuras.Nous étudions la manière dont les managers des entreprises françaises rendent compte de leurs engagements et de leurs motivations en matière de responsabilité sociale d’entreprise (RSE) en 2007 et 2017. Nous avons réalisé et analysé 14 entretiens structurés approfondis avec des managers en 2007 et à nouveau en 2017. L’analyse thématique montre qu’en 2007, les managers citent les motivations instrumentales, citant des artefacts économiques et des efforts pro-environnementaux. En 2017, ils citent des engagements environnementaux et sociaux accrus et renforcés; percevant la RSE comme une responsabilité envers la société et les générations futures, ou comme une activité « normale »
Intergenerational hybrid products in periods of discontinuous change
No full textInternational audiencePurpose This study examines the role of hybrid products employed in companies' innovation strategy within three American industrial sectors: tires, typewriters and photography cameras. Design/methodology/approach The authors selected historical cases that enabled us to present the role of hybrid products in periods of discontinuous change. Different sources are employed in this study: papers, books, cases, working papers, videos, manuals and product catalogues, companies' annual reports, company websites, advertising, collectors' websites and museums, in addition to press and other media reports. Findings The authors’ historical case analysis points to two forms of hybrid products. (1) Exploitation-hybrid, which incorporates significant elements from the existing dominant design and aims at extending the revenue-generating opportunities of the existing products. (2) Exploration-hybrid, which works as an offensive strategy, as the firm uses the exploration-hybrid to promote a gradual and controlled adoption of new technology by reducing risks and the cost of change for the customer. Research limitations/implications The authors’ proposed definitions strengthen the idea that hybrids are not only a reflection of organizational inertia (exploitation-hybrid). Hybrids can also mean a more proactive stance in the strategy of developing and adopting new technology (exploration-hybrid). Originality/value This study acknowledged hybrid products as a learning instrument that materialized the organizational ambidexterity, favoring at the same time exploitation, generally attributed to organizational inertia, and the exploration of new segments of customers or the use of new technologies
Antecedents of intention to adopt artificial intelligence services by consumers in personal financial investing
No full textInternational audienceAntecedents of intention to adopt artificial intelligence and robo-advisory services from the German private investors' perspective may guide future adoption behavior. This paper raises the question to what extent German investors' is willing to use robo-advisory services instead of a human advisor to manage their investments. The exploratory study identified the following constructs that impact the intention to use artificial intelligence to invest: perceived risk, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influences, and intention to use. Findings from this study can help inform marketers when developing strategies to foster awareness and the adoption of robo-advisors
An exploratory study of the adoption of artificial intelligence in Burgundy's wine industry
No full textInternational audienceThe objective of this exploratory study is to identify which factors enable or inhibit artificial intelligence adoption within the wine sector and specifically for the Burgundy region. Findings revealed that the winegrower's adoption intention could be assessed according to (a) perceived benefits, (b) organizational readiness, and (c) external pressure
Still work and/or fun? -Corroboration of the hedonic and utilitarian shopping value scale
No full textInternational audienceOne of the most applied value scales in research is personal shopping value (PSV) by Babin, Darden, and Griffin (1994). PSV assesses consumers’ shopping experiences along hedonic and utilitarian value. The purpose of this research is the corroboration of the original article and the PSV scale to investigate the impact of the past 25 years on the scale’s dimensionality and item composition. The corroboration mirrors the original store environment, while an extension additionally considers two contemporary shopping environments: online websites and mobile apps. Results across six studies confirm shopping value’s two-dimensional structure of work and fun. However, individual items capturing hedonic and utilitarian value deviate from original PSV scale items in number and nature for current stores, online, and mobile apps environments. Researchers and practitioners should exhibit caution to blindly administer or adapt measures without considering temporal or contextual aspects of the scale that limit its applicability
Quality evaluation model of artificial intelligence service for startups
No full textInternational audienceThis paper aims to develop a quality evaluation model for artificial intelligence (AI)-based products/services that is applicable to startups utilizing AI technology. Although AI-based service has risen dramatically and replaced many service offerings, in reality, startups are rarely to develop and evaluate AI services. The features of AI service are fundamentally different from the properties of existing services and have a great influence on the customer's service selection. This paper reviews startups' development process, existing quality evaluation models and characteristics of services utilizing AI technology, and develops a quality evaluation model for AI-based services. A detailed analysis of a survey (application of the model) on customer satisfaction for AI speakers is provided. Findings This paper provides seven key features and 24 evaluation items for evaluating AI-based services. This paper contributes to the growing need for methodologies that reflect the new era of AI-based products/services in quality evaluation research
Performance implications of export assistance: the mediating role of export entrepreneurship
No full textInternational audienceAlthough both institutional export assistance and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) contribute separately and positively to export performance, the interplay between them has received little attention. This study examines the role of international EO in deriving performance benefits from governmental and nongovernmental export assistance
Gender diversity in boardrooms and corporate financial performance: Evidence from the male-dominated society of Qatar
No full textInternational audienceThis study examines the relationship between board gender diversity and the corporate financial performance (CFP) of companies listed on the Qatar Stock Exchange. We use the ordinary least square (OLS) regression as the baseline technique along with the system GMM generalized method of moments (GMM) approach to mitigate the possible issue of endogeneity. Our analysis reveals that board gender diversity negatively affects CFP. Our findings are robust to the use of alternate measures of board gender diversity and free from endogeneity concerns as demonstrated by the results of the system GMM regression estimates. Further, we explain the possible reasons of this negative relation, particularly in the context of Qatar. An important implication of our findings is that they identify the factors that inhibit the women in Qatar from making significant contributions to board proceedings as well as to CFP in its male-dominated society
Does Advertising Productivity Affect Organizational Performance? Impact of Market Conditions
No full textInternational audienceAdvertising is crucial in influencing customers’ perceptions and purchase intentions, and numerous studies have investigated whether advertising expenditure has any significant impact on financial performance. A thorough understanding remains elusive: while several studies document a positive impact, others report that advertising has either a negative or a statistically insignificant effect. Three flaws among existing studies are responsible for this problem: bundling advertising with other forms of marketing, the inadequacy of expenditure as a measure and a failure to consider contingencies. Deviating from earlier studies, we examine the effect of advertising productivity on firm performance rather than the impact of the absolute amount of advertising expenditure. Moreover, adopting a contingency approach, we evaluate how market conditions of market dynamism, market complexity and market munificence moderate the relationship between advertising productivity and organizational performance. Drawing a multi-industry sample from the USA, this study demonstrates that advertising productivity has a positive impact on capital market-based performance measures, conditional on market conditions. We reveal new insights into when, why and to what extent advertising contributes (or not) to organizations’ financial performance
Is China a source of financial contagion?
No full textInternational audienceThe study examines the role China plays compared with the US in transmitting contagion to South Asia. Trade intensity, economic downturns, and negative net equity capital outflows positively influence dynamic conditional correlations between South Asian and US/Chinese financial stock returns. Chinese and US financial firms transmitted more spillovers than they received during the global financial crisis. Results are robust to the use of USD or local currency returns, and the alternative specification of the Diebold–Yilmaz model. The role of Chinese financial firms in transmitting shocks to South Asia may be of interest to policymakers, regulators, and other market participants