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692 research outputs found
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Household COVID-19 secondary attack rate and associated determinants in Pakistan; A retrospective cohort study
No full textInternational audienceCOVID-19 household transmissibility remains unclear in Pakistan. To understand the dynamics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus disease epidemiology, this study estimated Secondary Attack Rate (SAR) among household and close contacts of index cases in Pakistan using a statistical transmission model
Theorizing business model innovation: an organizing framework of research dimensions and future perspectives
No full textInternational audienceIn this perspective piece, we aim to broaden understanding of business model innovation (BMI) by expanding and deepening extant theoretical dimensions and positions in the literature. While a significant amount of research has been carried out on the phenomenon of BMI, the current theory does not fully capture the broad diversity and inherent implications of the various approaches taken. We address this lack of common ground by developing an organizing framework for BMI research. To do so, we first delineate the business model (BM) concept’s multifaceted properties that provide the foundation for theorizing BMI. Using topical identification, we then situate and substantiate a range of theoretical lenses within strategy, innovation, and entrepreneurship, as three central research axes informing studies on BMI. By revealing the relevant research perspectives, theoretical lenses, and positioning choices in the framework, our work expands and further details the conceptualization of BMI and provides orientation for future studies in the field
Does the power of negotiation influence audit fees? Evidence from the Chinese context
No full textInternational audienceThis paper aims to test the impact of negotiation power between auditors and audited companies, in relation to audit fees. The study found that there is a significant positive relationship between auditors' power of negotiation and the audit fees. In addition, it found that there is a significant negative relationship between the size of the audited companies, their negotiating power and the audit fees. These findings indicate that when companies negotiate with Big4 audit firms, their bargaining power does not have a significant effect on the audit fees. Nevertheless, if the auditor is not one of the Big4, there is a significantly negative relationship between the company's bargaining power and audit fees. The relationship therefore changes according to the size of a company. If a company is large, there will be a negative relationship with the audit fees. However, if it is a small company, the relationship is not significant
COVID-19 pandemic and the dependence structure of global stock markets
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, we examine the changes in the dependence structure of global stock markets amid the outbreak of COVID-19. We divide 56 stock markets into developed, emerging, and frontier markets and study their daily price data from 15 October 2019 to 17 August 2020 using the canonical vine (C-vine) copula approach. We observed significant changes in the dependence structure, the selection of the pair copula families, and the associated parameter estimates in the tree. In developed markets, during the COVID-19, the dependence of markets shifted from the Netherlands to France while the root node position of Hungary replaced the market of Poland. The frontier markets showed strong dependence signs with Mauritius before COVID-19 and Slovenia during the outbreak. Our findings are of interest to regulators and practitioners, particularly in monitoring the value at risk of portfolios and adopting appropriate strategies in light of the varying dynamics of stock markets during extreme events, such as COVID-19
A 2-phase interdependent methodology for sustainable project portfolio planning in the pharmaceutical industry
No full textInternational audienceIn response to the increasing awareness of sustainability issues, companies have reevaluated their approach to research and development (R&D). Taking into account the long-term effects and consequences of R&D projects on social, economic, and environmental conditions, this research has presented a comprehensive methodology for planning pharmaceutical holding company project portfolios by considering both sustainability dimensions and profitability objectives. The first phase of the developed methodology consists of a new combined MCDM method that is used to determine the sustainability score of each project. The following phase focuses on developing a bi-level bi-objective optimization model that is designed to take into account the decentralized structure of pharmaceutical holdings to optimize the budgeting, selection, and scheduling of projects. This optimization model proposes that the head office of the holding company as leader allocates R&D budgets between subsidiaries as followers to maximize the holding company's profit and sustainability. In contrast, the followers are responsible for selecting and scheduling research projects. We examine the optimal strategy of each actor using an illustrative case to validate the methodology. Based on experimental results, an approach focusing on sustainability versus profitability (or vice versa) has a significant impact on decisions made at each level of operation. The results reveal that the proposed approach can be adopted by the holding companies to improve the performance of portfolio planning from the sustainability perspective
Should we teach in hybrid mode or fully online? A theory and empirical investigation on the service–profit chain in MBAs
No full textInternational audienceShould we teach in hybrid mode or fully online? We examine the teaching model's role (hybrid versus fully online) in the service–profit chain in higher education institutions using survey data from 93 faculty members and 366 students from three American universities. We find that faculty members’ satisfaction and the MBA program expectations improve MBA word-of-mouth by enhancing the MBA quality, MBA value, class satisfaction, and MBA loyalty. Additionally, we discover that the hybrid teaching model more strongly reinforces this chain of effects than the fully online model. IT creates the integration of differential value into a hybrid teaching style
Organising populism: From symbolic power to symbolic violence
No full textInternational audienceThis article contributes to developing a management and organisation studies perspective on political organising by focusing on: (a) populism; (b) the exercise of political power; and (c) the organisation of politics. We address two questions: in what ways have English populist politicians in the 20th and 21st centuries utilised language along with other aspects of campaign organising to build and enhance their symbolic power? And: how do populist political organisations convert symbolic power into symbolic violence? Drawing on a range of concepts from Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology, most specifically his work on symbolic power, symbolic violence, political ontology and the performativity of language, we conduct a comparative analysis of texts from four waves of right-wing English populism culminating in Brexit. We develop a three-step framework to explain the organisation of right-wing populism via what we term populist political methodology: (1) establishing the symbolic power of the leader and the message; (2) organising power and the division of labour of domination; and (3) reinforcing symbolic violence in targeted sections of society. Understanding how populist politics is organised can support us in resisting, challenging and disrupting right-wing populism, providing lessons for organisations campaigning against racism and xenophobia
COVID risk narratives: a computational linguistic approach to the econometric identification of narrative risk during a pandemic
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, we study the role of narratives in stock markets with a particular focus on the relationship with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic represents a natural setting for the development of viral financial market narratives. We thus treat the pandemic as a natural experiment on the relation between prevailing narratives and financial markets. We adopt natural language processing (NLP) on financial news to characterize the evolution of important narratives. Doing so, we reduce the high-dimensional narrative information to few interpretable and important features while avoiding over-fitting
Scenario-based redesigning of a relief supply-chain network by considering humanitarian constraints, triage, and volunteers’ help
No full textInternational audienceIn disaster management problems, supply and distribution chains of relief commodities have been one of the most critical parts of planning for both pre- and post-disaster phases. Providing relief items (medical supplies) for injured people can directly affect the vitality rate, and this would perfectly explain the necessity of implementing such practical studies in this field. Thus, a scenario-based, multi-period, multi-objective, two-stage, location-allocation model for providing relief commodities to demand points in an uncertain environment is proposed in this study. Humanitarian constraints (equitizing the number of distributed items and the service time as well as prioritizing areas in receiving the commodities) are also considered in the model to make it closer to reality. Such other practical contributions as redesigning the supply chain and addressing volunteers’ help in the supply and distribution processes are formulated as well. Moreover, using the triage concept for distributing vital items is presented for the first time in this study. The proposed non-linear model is initially linearized and then solved by applying the epsilon-constraint technique. Due to the NP-Hardness property of the model, an NSGA-II and a hybrid algorithm are also presented to solve larger-sized instances. Solving numerical examples and conducting sensitivity analysis verify the applicability and efficiency of the proposed model as well as the solution algorithms and provide some managerial insights to improve the performance of the relief logistics
