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Development of Personalised Immediate-Release Gel-Based Formulations Using Semi-Solid Extrusion
No full textInternational audiencePrecision in dosing is crucial for optimizing therapeutic outcomes and preventing overdosing, especially in preterm infants. Traditional manual adjustments to adapt the dose often lead to inaccuracies, contamination risks, and reduced precision. To overcome these challenges, semi-solid extrusion 3D printing was used to create personalised gel-based caffeine dosage forms. The hydrogels, made from agar and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, demonstrated excellent rheological properties, ensuring uniform extrusion and accurate shape retention during and after printing. This gel formulation allowed for precise adjustments of caffeine volume and content tailored to a neonate weighing 1.36 kg, achieving a recovery of 103.46%, well within acceptable limits. Additionally, three production batches confirmed the process’s reproducibility with minimal variability. Forced degradation studies showed that both pure caffeine and caffeine in the gel matrix exhibited similar stability profiles, confirming the drug’s chemical integrity. The printed gel dosage forms also displayed immediate-release characteristics, with over 80% of caffeine released within 45 min, highlighting their suitability for rapid therapeutic action. These findings emphasise the potential of SSE 3DP and gel-based formulations to produce personalised drug delivery systems with high precision, reproducibility, and reliability
Techniques to analyse particle size of food powders
No full textInternational audienceThis chapter presents methods for particle size measurements for a better understanding of the physical properties of food powders. Standard methods of defining the size and shape of irregular particles are described together with ways of handling particle size data. Practical aspects of measuring particle size distributions are covered including how powders should be sampled for particle size analysis. The many techniques available for particle size analysis are described by grouping in three types: (1) direct methods, (2) methods based on classification, (3) methods based on secondary measurements. Finally the advantages of in-line continuous measurements for process investigation are described
Prédiction des écoulements des poudres dans les mélangeurs horizontaux à pales par la rhéologie mu(I)
No full textNational audienc
Is Usability Always Productive in Learning Environments?
No full textInternational audienceLearning games in virtual environments are invariably designed with a lot of attention paid to maximising their ease of use. It is widely believed that the more usable a learning tool the more effectively transposed the content learnt. Although this idea is far from unfounded, it is too easily accepted as a general rule, and we believe that too much credit is given to usability, to the detriment of the pedagogical objectives. As a matter of fact, struggling with the task does not necessarily impede the learning, and can even help the learner memorising content. In this research, we have studied how deliberately ill-designed interactions could yield better recollection of educational content. In a simple assembly task in Virtual Reality, we have calibrated the identification and positioning operations of various items at different levels of obviousness and practicality, only to observe how learners would perform differentiatedly. The results fail to capture any direct effect, but results indicate that it should not yet be ruled out that poor usability can indeed be leveraged to optimise the learning expectations of learners in a practical training activity
Micro-strain and cyclic slip accumulation in a polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy
No full textInternational audienceThis work provides a comprehensive understanding of deformation and fatigue damage mechanisms in a nickel-based superalloy during ambient temperature fatigue and points to the fundamental deformation mechanisms that result in the onset of crack nucleation. Strain and slip irreversibility are investigated at the nanometer scale using high-resolution digital image correlation and high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction, highlighting distinct deformation mechanisms contributing to crack nucleation. It is observed during early fatigue cycling at relatively low applied stress, the formation of intense slip events that induce grain boundary shearing. It results in intense micro-strain in the neighboring grains, producing localized plasticity and stresses. Such stresses facilitate fatigue extrusion-intrusion mechanisms during subsequent cycling, resulting in early crack nucleation. Finally, the configurations within the microstructure that promote such deformation and damage mechanisms sequence are highlighted
A simulation based digital twin approach to assessing the organization of response to emergency calls
No full textInternational audienceIn emergency situations, timely contact with emergency medical communication centers (EMCCs) iscritical for patient outcomes. Increasing call volumes and economic constraints are challenging manycountries, necessitating organizational changes inEMCCs. This study uses a simulation-based digitaltwin approach, creating a virtual model of EMCC operations to assess the impact of differentorganizational scenarios on accessibility. Specifically, we explore two decompartmentalizedscenarios where traditionally isolated call centers are reorganized to enable more flexible calldistribution. The primary measure of accessibility was service quality within 30 s of call reception. Ourresults show that decompartmentalization improves service quality by 17% to 21%. This studydemonstrates that reducing regional isolation in EMCCs can enhance performance and accessibilitywith a simulation-based digital twin approach providing a clear and objective method to quantify thebenefits.
Histoire de l'INU Champollion (Projet Archampo) - Interview de Bernard Rigaud, premier directeur d'ISIS.
No full textLe document s'inscrit dans le cadre d'un projet de recherche visant à constituer des archives orales sur la création de l'institut national universitaire Champollion (créé en 1990
Integrated Supply Chain Risk Management Index (ISCRi): Applying AHP and QFD
No full text"© 2024 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works."International audienceIn today's complex business world, assessing vulnerabilities in supply chains is crucial for effective risk management. This paper presents a novel framework for measuring supply chain risk, emphasizing the relationship between risk and vulnerability. The framework includes two key components: a detailed evaluation of supply chain vulnerabilities and an examination of risk factors influenced by management practices. Our research demonstrates that certain supply chain managerial practices could increase the likelihood of disruptions. In response, we have developed a new risk probability index to help mitigate these risks. By utilizing an integrative approach, we aim to enhance risk management strategies amidst disruptions. Employing fuzzy logic, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and a customized Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach, our research meticulously measures the likelihood of disruptions and the consequent vulnerability of the supply chain, resulting in a detailed and practical risk index. This study not only deepens our understanding of the complexities of supply chain weaknesses but also provides managers with a strategic tool for proactive risk assessment
Catalytic Effects of Potassium Concentration on Steam Gasification of Biofuels Blended from Olive Mill Solid Wastes and Pine Sawdust for a Sustainable Energy of Syngas
No full textInternational audienceThe effect of potassium impregnation at different concentrations during gasification, under nitrogen/water steam atmosphere, of char produced via pyrolysis of olive mill residues blended or not with pine sawdust was investigated. Three concentrations (0.1 M, 0.5 M, and 1.5 M) of potassium carbonate solution (K2CO3) were selected to impregnate samples. First, four types of pellets were prepared; one using exhausted olive mill solid waste (G) noted (100G) and three using G blended with pine sawdust (S) in different percentages (50%S-50%G (50S50G); 60%S-40%G (60S40G); 80%S-20%G (80S20G)). Investigations showed that when isothermal temperature increases during the gasification conducted with two water steam percentages of 10% and 30%, the reactivity increases with potassium concentration up to 0.5 M, especially for 100G. Still, higher catalyst concentration (1.5 M) showed adverse effects attributable to silicon release and char pore fouling. Moreover, the effect of the steam concentration on the gasification reactivity was significant with the non-impregnated sample 100G. Finally, a kinetic study was carried out to determine the different kinetic parameters corresponding to the Arrhenius law