Portail HAL IMT Mines Albi
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A DDMRP implementation user feedbacks and stakes analysis
No full textInternational audienceSince its appearance, Demand Driven Material Requirements Planning (DDMRP) is under the spotlights in both scientific field and industrial deployment. Although some companies are now sharing their results after their DDMRP implementations, none or very few have collaborated with scholars to scientifically study the important issues and stakes of the method within their specific environment. This paper presents a methodology to answer the real industrial questions raised on deploying DDMRP. A case study from a dermo-cosmetic industry illustrates the method. The main issues that must be answered first are developed. They should be the start of different research subjects in order to unite the industrial problems with the scientific approaches and tools
Automatic Information Retrieval from Tweets: A Semantic Clustering Approach
No full textInternational audienceMuch has been said about the value of social mediamessages for emergency services. The new uses related tothese platforms bring users to share information, otherwise unknown in crisis events. Thus, many studies have been performedin orderto identify tweets relating toa crisis event or to classify these tweets according to certain categories. However, determining the relevant information contained in the messages collected remains the responsibility of the emergency services. In this article, we introducethe issue of classifying the information contained in the messages. To do so, we use classes such as those usedby the operators in the call centers.Particularly we show that this problem is related to named entities recognition on tweets. We then explain that a semi-supervised approach might be beneficial,as the volume of data to perform this task is low.In a second part, we presentsome of the challenges raisedby this problematicand different ways to answer it.Finally, we explore one of them and its possible outcomes
Une approche d’accompagnement de la maturation BPM d’une entreprise et de la formalisation de ses processus métiers
No full textBusiness process management approaches are now an integral part of the life and of the performance quest in organizations. Nevertheless, this field remains historically compartmentalized, particularly concerning the role of the information system in the company. In the context of an industrial collaboration with a company providing a business process orchestration tool, this research work is structured around two main contributions: - a framework for assessing the maturity of companies with regard to the integration of business process management into their daily lives and their continuous improvement - a tool-based approach that fits into the previous framework and allows the generation of a process cartography respection a set of previously chosen rules (such as those from ISO certification). The results of this work were applied to a real industrial case, which demonstrated the relevance and necessity of a convergence between an information system and a company's business process approach.Les approches de gestion des processus métier font aujourd'hui partie intégrante de la vie et de la recherche de performance des entreprises. Néanmoins, ce domaine demeure historiquement cloisonné en particulier vis-à-vis du rôle du système d'information dans l'entreprise. Dans le contexte d’une collaboration industrielle avec une entreprise fournissant un outil d’orchestration des processus métier, ces travaux de recherche s’articulent autour de deux contributions principales :- un cadre d’évaluation de la maturité des entreprises par rapport à l’intégration de la gestion des processus métier dans leur quotidien et leur amélioration continue- une démarche outillée s’inscrivant dans le cadre précédent et permettant la génération d’une cartographie de processus respectant un ensemble de règles relatives préalablement choisies (comme celles provenant de la certification ISO). Les résultats de ces travaux ont été appliqués à un cas industriel réel ce qui a permis de démontrer la pertinence et la nécessité d’une convergence entre un système d’information et la démarche processus d’une entreprise
In situ Raman composition profiling in drying droplets
No full textInternational audienceSpray drying has become a tool for engineering solid particles to meet the growing demand for better end-use particulate material properties. However, this industrial process still presents scientific challenges, such as a detailed description of the components distribution during drying of multi-component droplets. In order to help overcoming such challenge, in the present work, an in situ Raman technique is applied to assess the temporal and spatial distribution of the components in acoustically levitated drying droplets. Using a dextran-sucrose-water droplet with different solute proportions, different results were experimentally demonstrated: a dextran-rich surface and a sucrose-rich core in a particle; dense or bowl-like particles depending on the dextran-to-sucrose initial proportion
Microstructure Evolution of Selective Laser Melted Inconel 718: Influence of High Heating Rates
No full textInternational audienceInconel 718 (IN718) superalloy samples fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) were submitted to different heating cycles and their microstructural characteristics were investigated. The selected heating rates, ranging from 10 °C/min to 400 °C/s, represent different regions in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of welded additively manufactured specimens. A combination of differential thermal analysis (DTA), high-resolution dilatometry, as well as laser confocal and electron microscopy were used to study the precipitation and dissolution of the secondary phases and microstructural features. For this purpose, the microstructure of the additively manufactured specimen was investigated from the bottom, in contact with the support, to the top surface. The results showed that the dissolution of γ” and δ phases were delayed under high heating rates and shifted to higher temperatures. Microstructural analysis revealed that the Laves phase at the interdendritic regions was decomposed in specific zones near the surface of the samples. It was determined that the thickness and area fraction of these zones were inversely related to the applied heating rate. A possible mechanism based on the influence of heating rate on Nb diffusion in the interdendritic regions and core of the dendrites is proposed to interpret the observed changes in the microstructure
Syngas
No full textInternational audienceSyngas produced from biomass and biowaste gasification is a versatile renewable fuel and feedstock for chemical synthesis or heat and power production. Bio-syngas can be produced from different biomass feedstock (e.g. lignocellulosic biomass, pyrolysis oil, bioethanol, biogas) through thermal and/or catalytic reforming and gasification processes. The typical components of raw syngas can be classified into three groups: non-condensable gases (e.g. H2, CO, CH4 and CO2), condensable gases (e.g. H2O and tars) and impurities (e.g. HCl, NH3, H2S and particulates). Depending on the application, raw syngas may need to be cleaned of impurities and conditioned to adjust the H2/CO ratio in order to meet the requirements of environmental regulations and downstream processes respectively. Hence, an accurate characterization of the syngas chemical composition, at the different processing stages, is important to control and optimize the process efficiency. In this chapter, various methods and equipment for sampling, preconditioning and analyzing the three groups of syngas components will be discussed. Analyses of the equipment detection limits, gas matrix sensitivity, and overall accuracy will also be made
Introduction to the Digital Government and Business Process Management (BPM) minitrack HICSS’53
No full textInternational audienceIn the last decades the conceptual and technological support for e-government initiatives have evolved from simple websiteswhere news and links to e-government organizations and documents were posted, to complex inter-organizational systems platforms providing dynamic support for collaborative business processes(CBPs) and interoperability within e-government organizations, users and partners.Business Process Management (BPM)deals with the process lifecycle and technologies in organizations willing to drive their business based on the underlying processes they perform, to provide services or products with value for end users.Although many advances have been made in both the foundations of BPM and the technological platformssupporting the enactment of processes, e-government collaborative process present several challenges to be yet addressed
Introduction to the minitrack on Disaster Information, Technology, and Resilience in Digital Government
No full textInternational audienceThe 21st Century has been termed "the century of disasters." Worldwide there were twice as many disasters and catastrophes in the first decade of this century as in the last decade of the 20th Century. All continents are affected, both directly and indirectly. And the trend continues, fuelled by climate change, demographic changes and social dynamics. The serious challenges facing government in cities, regions and nations of the world relate to acute shocks (such as forest fires, floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, pandemics and terrorist attacks) and chronic stresses (such as high unemployment, religious extremism, inefficient public transport systems, endemic violence, chronic shortages of food and water). Information is among the key life-supporting essentials in a disaster response, as well as water and basic foods which are vital to sustain lives. It is information technology these days that gives us access to most of this information. We rely greatly on it. In this sense, information management with effective use of information systems should be conducted and evaluated among disaster relief agencies. Successful information management will result in making higher situational awareness in a field that is crucial for a disaster response. It also guides us to build a disaster-resilient community which can adapt the society to those unexpected events. These issues should be tackled at each level of the governance (international, national, regional, local, etc.), and with regards to all relevant dimensions (social, technological, interoperability, agility, etc.). This minitrack features government and disaster information management, including the development of disaster resilience communities/societies. Five papers have been selected that deal with any aspect of the analysis, design, development, deployment, implementation, integration, operation, use or evaluation of ICT for discussing government roles for disaster responses, disaster information management, and resilience communities. In addition, we support innovative and breakthrough visions regarding "disaster information, technology and resilience.
Approche multi-échelles de l'écoulement pour l'optimisation du séchage des boues
No full textNational audienceLe séchage thermique occupe actuellement une place incontournable dans les filières de valorisation thermique, par incinération ou co-incinération, pyrolyse ou gazéification. Les chercheurs d’IMT Mines Albi-Carmaux ont développé une expertise particulière en matière de séchage des boues (modélisation stochastique des sécheurs par contact avec agitation, type sécheurs à palettes et sécheurs à disques, pour améliorer le contrôle commande des installations) ainsi que sur la problématique de caractérisation des propriétés d’écoulement des boues déshydratées (y compris l’adhésion). Explications
A Physics-Based Approach for Managing Supply Chain Risks and Opportunities Within Its Performance Framework
No full textInternational audienceManaging a Collaborative Network (such as a supply chain) requires setting and pursuing objectives. These can be represented and evaluated by formal Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Managing a supply chain aims to stretch its KPIs towards target values. Therefore, any Collaborative Network’s goal is to monitor its trajectory within the framework of its KPIs. Currently potentiality (risk or opportunity) management is based on the capacity of managers to analyze increasingly complex situations. The new approach presented in this paper opens the door to a new methodology for supply chain potentiality management. It offers an innovative data-driven approach that takes data as input and applies physical principles for supporting decision-making processes to monitor supply chain’s performance. With that approach, potentialities are seen as forces that push or pull the network within its multi-dimensional KPI space