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Commercial Arthrospira platensis Extract Modifies the Photophysiology of Cladocopium goreaui, Coral Endosymbiont Microalgae
No full textInternational audienceArthrospira platensis extract is incorporated into sunscreen formulations for its beneficial and UV-protective properties on cultured human cells. However, its effects have not yet been assessed on non-target organisms such as endosymbiotic microalgae in coral tissue. To evaluate its effects, we investigated the photophysiology of the cultured dinoflagellate Cladocopium goreaui using PAM fluorometry (RLC, OJIP) after a 5-day exposure to different extract concentrations. Our results show that, through a hormetic effect, A. platensis enhances the performance index (Pi_Abs) at 0.018 mg L−1 by increasing the number of active reaction centers (RC/ABS) and improving electron transfer efficiency (φEo, ψEo) along the electron transport chain. Conversely, beyond 108.8 mg L−1, negative impacts appear on PSII, increasing the apparent antenna size (ABS/RC) and impairing the oxygen-evolving complex (K-peak), ultimately reducing the maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRm). This relative toxicity, obtained only for the highest concentrations, supports its potential incorporation into cosmetic formulations. This study contributes to improving the ecotoxicity assessment of cosmetic products on non-target organisms
Développer les compétences socio-interactionnelles en langue par le biais des tâches ancrées dans la vie réelle : principes, implication, perspectives
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Critical studies of education and technology ... reasons to be hopeful?
No full textThere is growing interest in critical studies of education and technology (CSET). This report summarises the view of hundreds of academics, researchers, teachers and others interested in critical ed-tech scholarship on the purposes and intended outcomes of their work. Ultimately, critical scholarship needs to make a difference … so, what might this difference look like? How can critical studies of education and technology make the world a (slightly) better place? Eight main points of discussion are identified:- Framing the critical studies of education and technology as a political project- Paying more attention to existing forms of ed-tech that we want to see more of- Supporting the new forms of ed-tech that we want to see- Building networks and making alliances with like-minded others- - Encouraging ed-tech resistance- Changing the nature of the ed-tech conversation- Acknowledging – and making the most of – the privileged position of working in the university sector- Having an open conversation about what it means to be hopefu
Terrains et travaux - Traces et bribes de l’histoire du « mort-né » : exil de l’héritier de l’Empire Sikh à La Réunion
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Usages critiques des IA génératives - Aperçu des dimensions évoquées dans les textes officiels
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NICE k metrics: Unified and multidimensional framework for evaluating deterministic solar forecasting accuracy
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Gender Disparities in Lending and Income Generation: Evidence from Entrepreneurs in the City of Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo
No full textInternational audienceThis study examines the effect of gender on lending and income generation among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo, using descriptive evidence from 267 enterprises across commerce, production, and services. The findings reveal that while female entrepreneurs were more likely than their male counterparts to provide collateral, this effort did not translate into improved loan access, as both groups experienced similarly low approval rates under the conservative and risk-averse practices of commercial banks. Despite these financing barriers, female-led SMEs demonstrated comparable revenue performance to male-led enterprises, underscoring their economic viability and potential contribution to local development. This paradox highlights the persistence of gender-based disparities in financial systems, where women’s creditworthiness and entrepreneurial capabilities remain undervalued, echoing trends observed across Sub-Saharan Africa. The study contributes to the literature by offering localized insights into the structural dynamics of credit access and gendered entrepreneurship in Kisangani, while also emphasizing the importance of gender-responsive financial policies. Based on these findings, it proposes more inclusive lending practices, alternative collateral frameworks, and supportive policy mechanisms to foster equitable financial access and unlock the full growth potential of SMEs as engines of sustainable and inclusive economic development in the region