Portail "HAL-Francophonie Afrique et Océan Indien"
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L'expression du nihilisme dans Fantôme d'Orient (1892) et Madame Chrysanthème (1888) de Pierre Loti
No full textCette étude se penche sur l’analyse de l’expression du nihilisme dans deux oeuvres de Loti : Fantôme d’Orient (1892) et Madame Chrysanthème (1888). Afin d’analyser comment le nihilisme se forme au sein des textes étudiés, notre mémoire examine d’abord la représentation d’un exotisme spécifique à Loti dans les oeuvres. Une fois cette représentation mise en exergue, nous analysons la manière dont le monde est perçu à la manière d’un musée à travers les yeux des divers narrateurs. Enfin, en prenant en compte la particularité de l’exotisme et d’un monde artificiel, nous élaborons la mise en lumière d’un nihilisme qui ne transparaît pas seulement dans les oeuvres, mais qui devient quelque chose de propre à Loti et qui s’imbrique dans la fondation même de ses oeuvres. Ce mémoire mobilise les diverses définitions du nihilisme explorées par un contemporain de Loti : Paul Bourget, mais aussi plus tard par Friedrich Nietzsche dont la pensée sur ce sujet a été influencée par Bourget
Le nouveau monde amoureux de Charles Fourier, une prose théâtrale ?
No full textInternational audienceFrançoise Sylvos examines the theatricality of Charles Fourier's prose, particularly in Le nouveau monde amoureux. Although a philosopher, Fourier employs dramatic techniques. The theatricality of the treatise is based on typification (caricatural and refined characters), the creation of striking scenes (vivid imagery), and stylistic excess (hyperbole and miraculous figures) which serve both to seduce the reader and to propagate his utopian doctrine.Françoise Sylvos examine la théâtralité de la prose de Charles Fourier, notamment dans Le nouveau monde amoureux. Bien que philosophe, Fourier utilise des procédés dramatiques. La théâtralité du traité repose sur la typisation (personnages caricaturaux et raffinés), sur la création de scènes frappantes (imagerie saisissante) et une outrance stylistique (hyperbole et chiffres mirobolants) qui servent à la fois la séduction du lecteur et la propagande de sa doctrine utopique
Arabic Poetry Today : A Global Perspective
No full textInternational audienceThis talk offers an overview of contemporary Arabic poetry and its presence across the world. It will explore the main trends and voices shaping the field today, both within the Arab world and in the diaspora. Attention will be given to the themes that dominate current poetic production-exile, identity, memory, and resistance-as well as to the role of translation, festivals, and digital platforms in circulating Arabic poetry internationally. By mapping these dynamics, the presentation aims to highlight the vitality and diversity of Arabic poetry in a global context
When Pacific children sketch the sea and their fishing practices : involving children in marine social science research
No full textThe 'SOCPacific' project (A Sea of Connections: Contextualising Fisheries in the South Pacific Region, 2018-2022,funded by ANR-DFG) sought to investigate the 'sea ofconnections' in which fishing practices and fisheriesmanagement are embedded across the South Pacific.Engaging children was crucial for adopting a marine sustainability framework that recognises intergenerationaljustice concerns and upholds children's rights. Childrenin the region are active participants in fishing activitiesand play a key role in sustaining the connections amongpeople, the ocean, and marine life. Just like adults, theytoo can exercise their rights and responsibilities towardthe ocean. Art workshops allowed them to take part in co-building our research agenda
Chronic and reactivated dengue infection in an immunocompromised host: insights from a case report
No full textInternational audienceBackground Dengue, a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes, is a growing global health concern, particularly as its spread now puts half of the world’s population at risk. While dengue usually resolves after the primary infection, persistent or chronic cases can occur in immunocompromised individuals.Case presentation This case study reports a 43-year-old woman with lupus nephritis and end-stage kidney disease who experienced symptomatic dengue reactivation nearly three years after her initial infection. Despite low viral loads, dengue RNA was detectable in her blood multiple times between 32 and 34 months after the initial detection. Genomic analysis confirmed that the same DENV-1 strain persisted, suggesting chronic infection rather than reinfection. The patient's immunosuppressive treatments, including rituximab, likely impaired her immune response to the initial infection, contributing to viral persistence. Additionally, her profound immunosuppressive state at the time of reactivation, potentially exacerbated by coinfections, may have triggered the virus to re-emerge.Conclusion This case highlights the rare but clinically relevant possibility of chronic dengue infection in immunocompromised patients. The confirmed persistence of the same viral strain over nearly three years challenges the conventional view of dengue as a strictly acute infection. It raises concern about the potential for reintroduction and re-emergence of previously circulating strains, as well as the detrimental tissue consequences of chronic infection by the virus. These findings have important implications for clinical management, diagnostic strategies, and public health surveillance, and underscore the need for further research to better understand the mechanisms of dengue chronicity—particularly those involving viral immune evasion and host immune dysfunction
Contribution of the Right to Student Participation in the Classroom to Promoting Leadership
No full textInternational audienceThis study aims to search out the contribution of the participation of children in school places, especially in the classroom in front of teachers in life. It is a result of the documentary technique The promotion of the children's right to participation in the school milieu or classroom is a key to participative leadership but can also lead to laissez-faire leadership even though it opens the door to visionary leadership. These children who rejoice in their right to participation practice coaching-based leadership, affiliative leadership, and the democratic. There is also a large place for participative leadership and directive leadership. In the future, society will be characterized by transformational leadership and transactional leadership
Valorization of co-products from essential oil distillation for the bioprotection of maize against the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, a significant pest in Madagascar and Réunion, in a circular economy perspective (P47)
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/615858/) * Autres projets (id;sigle;titre): ;;(EU) DPP SantéBiodiv// ;DINAAMICC;(EU) Démarches intégrées et accompagnement pour une agriculture familiale à Madagascar innovante et résiliente aux changements climatiques// ;DeSIRA;(EU) Development Smart Innovation through Research in Agriculture//International audienceAn invasive species recently introduced to Madagascar and Réunion, the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda causes significant damage to maize crops. Biosolutions such as co-products from essential oil distillation could provide promising and sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides, in a circular economy perspective. We evaluated the potential of liquid residues (hydrosols) from the distillation of aromatic plants, in tests on maize leaf disks in Petri dishes, under artificial infestation by neonate FAW larvae (3 per leaf disk for 24h). We assessed, on the one hand, in both Madagascar and Réunion, 0.4% essential oil solutions produced in the Highlands of Madagascar, and on the other hand, solely in Madagascar, 10% and 30% solutions of floral waters from several Malagasy sources. The essential oils evaluated were lemon eucalyptus, geranium, citronella, rosemary, and camphor. The hydrosols were those of geranium, citronella, and clove. The tests highlighted higher larval mortality and lesser leaf damage with the essential oils of citronella, lemon eucalyptus, and geranium, while the essential oil of camphor (“Ravintsara”) had no effect. The tests with hydrosols established citronella as the most promising in terms of effects on larval mortality and on reduction of leaf damage. These tests will be complemented by the evaluation of the essential oil of lemon eucalyptus and the characterization of molecules and mechanisms of action (biocidal, repellent, and/or antifeedant) involved. We will also examine the effect of incorporating the solid residues from essential oil distillation into the soil on maize growth and reaction to FAW attacks. Finally, these results will be confirmed in a field trial with leaf spraying of essential oil solutions, under natural FAW infestation