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Role of VDR gene polymorphisms and environmental factors in the development of skin cancers: evidence by updated meta-analysis
No full textInternational audienceThe vitamin D and its receptor the VDR have pleiotropic effects on different biological mechanisms, including skin cancers. The sun UV radiation has confirmed effects on both skin cancers and on VD/VDR pathways. We aim to investigate the role of the VDR and its interaction with specific environmental factors to develop skin cancers. We conducted meta-analyses of published association studies on the VDR gene polymorphisms FokI, BsmI, TaqI and AapI and skin cancers. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate the impact of environmental factors on skin cancers. Meta-analysis showed that the VDR Fok I polymorphism was associated with melanoma risk (CT vs. CC + TT, P = 0.020), with CT genotype as a significant risk factor. We found also significant association for the VDR BsmI polymorphism (AG vs. GG model, P = 0.020), as AG genotype having a protective effect against melanoma. However the VDR TaqI and ApaI polymorphisms were not associated with melanoma in the overall analysis. Met-analysis of studies on non-melanoma cancers (NMSC) showed significant effects of FokI (TT vs. CT + TT, P = 0.002, CC vs. CT, P = 0.017 and CC vs. TT, P = 0.001), with TT genotype as a risk factor, whereas the CC genotype was protective against NMSC. The TaqI showed also significant association with NMSK (T vs. C contrast allele: P = 0.006 and TT vs. CT + CC, P = 0.011), with T allele and TT genotype as having protective roles. Stratification according to geographic localisation showed that the FokI CC genotype had protective effect in both North America (CC vs. CT + TT, P = 0.003) and North Europe (CC vs. CT + TT, P = 0.010). Stratification according to the study period revealed that the FokI CT genotype had a highly significant risk (CT vs. TT, P < 0.001) in the last decade 2011-2020. VDR FokI and BsmI polymorphisms showed significant associations with melanoma, whereas FokI and TaqI were significantly associated with NMSC. Subgroup analysis revealed that factors such as the geographic localisation and study period influenced the association between the VDR gene and the risk of skin cancers
High‐Resolution Manometry With Solid Provocative Test in Patients With Mid‐Thoracic and Epiphrenic Esophageal Diverticula
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT Background The number of studies exploring esophageal motility disorders using high‐resolution manometry (HRM) in patients with esophageal diverticula (ED) is limited. The goal of this study was to describe motility disorders using HRM in patients with ED and assess the added value of provocative testing in these patients. Methods Patients with ED who underwent HRM between 2010 and 2022 were retrospectively included. HRM findings were compared based on single water swallows (SWS), and provocative testing with solid food swallows in the upright seated position, using both ManoView and Medical Measurement Systems software. We also calculated median pressure slopes during the compartmentalization phase. Key Results Sixteen of the 39 included patients had mid‐ED and 23 had lower ED. Twenty (51.3%) patients had motility disorders based on SWS, including 7 (18%) with achalasia and 3 (7.7%) with esophagogastric junction obstruction. No significant differences in esophageal motility disorders were observed in relation to the location of the ED. Solid food swallows were performed in 29 (74%) patients leading to a change in the HRM diagnosis in 7 (24.1%), all of whom showed elevated IRP. Median pressure slopes during the compartmentalization phase ( n = 30) were elevated in patients both with and without motility disorders. Conclusion and Inferences Half of the patients with mid‐ or lower ED had motility disorders on HRM. Adding solid food swallows during HRM in patients with ED improves the manometric diagnosis. Results suggest abnormal distensibility in these patients, indicated by elevated pressure slope, regardless of the presence of associated motility disorders
Caractérisation chimique de l’extrait d’écorce d’Alphitonia neocaledonica (Schltr.) et de ses activités anti-inflammatoires
No full textInternational audienceAlphitonia neocaledonica (Schltr.) Guillaumin is a small forest tree endemic of New Caledonia traditionally used to treat rheumatic pain and dermatoses. Very few studies described biological activities and phytochemical composition of this plant. This study aims to investigate the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐gout activities of A. neocaledonica bark extract (ANBE) and its chemical composition. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA)‐differentiated THP‐1 macrophages and LPS/monosodium urate (MSU)‐treated THP‐1 model reproducing gout in vitro were used. Chemical analyses were undertaken using liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) approaches. Dose‐dependent inhibitory effects of ANBE on inflammatory cytokines interleukin‐(IL‐)1β, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were observed. Inhibition of LPS/MSU‐dependent IL‐1β at 1 and 10 µg/mL was also reported. Chemical analyses by LC–HRMS allowed us to putatively identify some features such as epigallocatechin, iridoid‐ and flavonoid‐glycosides, oligopeptides, and triterpenoids in ANBE. These results provide some cues in favor of traditional uses of ANBE and support the need of further bioactivities and chemical investigations
The ARIANES initiative: A vision for a structured regional MRI network in the Hauts-de-France.
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Association between HOMA2 based beta-cell function or insulin resistance and long-term outcomes in kidney transplant recipients with type 2 diabetes.
No full textInternational audienceType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common comorbidity in kidney transplant recipients, representing a significant proportion of the candidate pool. Post-kidney transplantation management of T2D remains challenging, leading to inferior long-term outcomes compared to non-diabetic recipients. This study aimed to assess the association between Homeostatic Model Assessment 2 (HOMA2) derived insulin resistance and beta-cell function on kidney graft outcomes in T2D kidney transplant recipients. We conducted a monocentric retrospective study at the University Hospital of Lille, including all consecutive adult T2D patients who underwent kidney transplantation between January 2007 and December 2018. HOMA2 indexes (HOMA2 IR for insulin resistance and HOMA2 B for beta-cell function) were calculated at one-year post-transplantation. Primary endpoint was graft survival and secondary endpoints were death-censored graft survival, patient survival and post-transplant metabolic control. Among 1620 kidney transplant recipients, 138 patients with T2D were included, with a median follow-up of 1837 days [1283–2726]. HOMA2 IR was significantly associated with an increased risk of kidney graft failure or death (HR per unit = 1.11 (1.02–1.21). Beta-cell function was not associated with graft prognosis, but decreased beta-cell function was associated with poorer metabolic control over time. This study highlights the significance of insulin resistance as a potential determinant of long-term outcomes in T2D kidney transplant recipients
Clinical Features of Human Parvovirus B19-Associated Encephalitis Identified in the Dakar Region, Senegal, and Viral Genome Characterization
No full textInternational audienceNeurological manifestations associated with human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infections are rare and varied. Acute encephalitis and encephalopathy are the most common, accounting for 38.8% of all neurological manifestations associated with human B19V. Herein, we report on the clinical features of 13 laboratory-confirmed human cases of B19V-associated encephalitis in Senegal in the framework of a hospital-based surveillance of acute viral encephalitis conducted from 2021 to 2023. Overall, B19V was detected from 13 cerebrospinal fluid samples using specific real time PCR. The mean age was 16.7 years among B19V-positive patients, with a higher prevalence in 0–5-year-old children and the sex ratio (male/female) was 2.25. The B19V-positive patients mainly exhibited hypoleukocytosis, normal glycorrhachia, and normal proteinorrachia in the cerebrospinal fluid. While the main neurological symptoms included meningeal and infectious syndromes. Furthermore, three complete B19V genome sequences were successfully characterized using next-generation sequencing. The newly characterized sequences belonged to the genotype 1a and represent, to date, the first complete B19V genome sequences from Senegal. These sequences could be useful not only in future phylodynamic studies of B19V but also in the development of prevention or treatment countermeasures. Our study is noteworthy for the identification of acute B19V-associated encephalitis in Senegal More investigations on the risk factors associated with B19V transmission in Africa are warranted
Physicochemical Exploration and Computational Analysis of Bone After Subchronic Exposure to Kalach 360 SL in Female Wistar Rats
No full textInternational audienceGlyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine) is a widely used organophosphorus herbicide that inhibits the shikimate pathway, a crucial metabolic route responsible for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants and certain microorganisms. Due to its broad-spectrum activity, glyphosate serves as the main active ingredient in various commercial herbicide formulations, including Roundup and Kalach 360 SL (KL). It poses a health hazard to animals and humans due to its persistence in soil, water erosion, and crops. The aim of our study was to continue the previous research to explore the impact of KL on bone using physico-chemical parameters and in silico studies after exposing female wistar rats for 60 days. The in silico study concerned the assessment of binding affinity and molecular interactions using computational modeling approach. The rats were allocated into three experimental groups: group 1 (n = 6) served as controls, while groups 2 and 3 received low and high doses (Dose 1: 126 mg/Kg and Dose 2: 315 mg/Kg) of KL dissolved in water, respectively. All rats were sacrificed after 60 days of exposure. XRD and FTIR spectrum analysis of bone tissues in female rats showed significant histoarchitectural changes associated with bone mineralization disruption. Our results have demonstrated that sub-chronic exposure of adult female rats to KL causes bone rarefaction, as confirmed by a previous histological study. This physico-chemical study has further confirmed the harmful impact of KL on the crystalline fraction of bone tissue, composed of hydroxyapatite crystals. In addition, the computational analyses showed that glyphosate binds to 3 Glu form of osteocalcin (3 Glu-OCN) (4MZZ) and decarboxylated osteocalcin (8I75) with good affinities and strong molecular interactions, which justified and supported the in vivo findings. In conclusion, KL may interfere with hydroxyapatite and osteocalcin and, therefore, impair bone remodeling and metabolism
Development and validation of a biological frailty score based on CRP, haemoglobin, albumin and vitamin D within an electronic health record database in France: a cross-sectional study.
No full textInternational audienceObjectives To easily detect frailty in a timely fashion, enabling targeted interventions and appropriate monitoring, will be a major worldwide public health and economic challenge as the proportion of older people increases in the population. Based on a review and meta-analysis showing that C-reactive protein (CRP), haemoglobin, albumin and vitamin D are associated with frailty, we aimed to develop and validate a biological score using these biomarkers for the detection of frailty.Design We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional, monocentric study using the electronic healthcare database of Lille University Hospital, France.Participants Inclusion criteria were patients aged 50 and over, being hospitalised at Lille University Hospital between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2021. We identified patients whose CRP, haemoglobin, albumin and vitamin D levels were measured. We selected patients whose assays fell within normal thresholds, outside acute clinical situations.Main outcome measures To assess frailty, we used a scale adapted to electronic healthcare database, called the Hospital Frailty Risk Score. To develop and validate the predictive frailty score, the whole population was divided into a development and a validation cohort.Results 26 554 patients were included, of which 17 702 were in the development cohort and 8852 in the validation cohort. Based on the results of the multivariate analysis, we developed an equation combining CRP, haemoglobin, albumin and vitamin D with age and sex to obtain a score referred to as the bFRAil (biological FRAilty) score. Within the validation cohort, the area under the curve for this score is 0.78 (0.77–0.80) and the negative predictive value is 83.7%.Conclusions This study has made it possible, for the first time, to develop and validate in a hospital setting a biological score called bFRAil score based on simple, easily measurable biomarkers for identifying frail patients in daily medical practice. Further studies are needed to validate its use
Retraction of "Cell Adhesion Properties on Chemically Micropatterned Boron-Doped Diamond Surfaces".
No full textInternational audienceThe authors retract this article (DOI: 10.1021/la101757f)due to the image manipulation in one of the figures.Images of fluorescent microscopy in Figure 1a and Figure 1dshow signs of manipulation from a single original image, andthe authors are unable to trace it.All the authors have unanimously agreed that such actionscompromise the integrity and coherence of the entire article,raising significant doubts on the main findings of the work, andsincerely apologize for any inconvenience or confusion thismay cause to the journal readership. As such, the article isbeing retracted.The original article was published on August 18, 2010, andwas retracted on April 16, 2025.Published: April 16, 2025Retractionpubs.acs.org/Langmuir© 2025 American Chemical Society 10726https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00518Langmuir 2025, 41, 10726−1072
Emerging approaches to mosquito species identification: an overview with emphasis on nanopore sequencing technology
No full textInternational audienceCorrect identification of mosquito species is crucial for effective vector control, pathogen surveillance, and research and can be achieved through various methods. In this study, we present a review of the most commonly used method for mosquito species identification. We also benchmark the results of DNA sequencing on the MinION nanopore sequencing device against the morphological identification technique, which remains the cornerstone of mosquito species identification. By using 95 samples from the field, we targeted 2 mitochondrial genes (cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and 3), and successfully distinguished 3 Culex species from the Vishnui subroup (Culex pseudovishnui, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, and Cx. vishnui) using amplicon-based targeted Oxford Nanopore Technology sequencing, whereas the morphological method proved less effective. Although amplicon-based targeted Oxford Nanopore Technology sequencing is associated with significant costs, it shows great potential for improving accuracy in mosquito species identification, if adequate financial resources are available