Portail HAL confremo Archives ouvertes du Moyen-Orient
Not a member yet
3450 research outputs found
Sort by
Experimental measurements and thermodynamic modelling of aqueous solubilities, octanol-water partition coefficients and vapor pressures of dimethyl phthalate and butyl benzyl phthalate
No full textInternational audienc
Evolution of Polyphenols during Syrah Grapes Maceration: Time versus Temperature Effect
No full textInternational audienceThe effect of maceration time and temperature on the phenolic compounds of Syrah grape musts was studied. Pre-fermentation cold (10 °C) and heat maceration (60, 70 and 80 °C) were applied and compared to traditional maceration (control, 25 °C). The macerations were monitored and the kinetic profile of the maceration was studied by taking samples at 0, 2, 4, 8, 24 and 48 h. The results showed that heat treatment had the most significant effect on the extraction of total polyphenol. A significant loss of anthocyanin content was observed when the maceration was extended beyond eight hours at high temperatures, while longer maceration times seemed to favor the extraction of tannins. A principal component analysis showed that independently of the vinification technique, and for the same grape varieties, different winegrowing regions and harvest years affected the phenolic composition of the grape ski
Molecular insights into the carbon dioxide–carboxylate anion interactions and implications for carbon capture
No full textInternational audienc
Chemical Variability of the Essential Oil of Origanum ehrenbergii Boiss. from Lebanon, Assessed by Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Common Component and Specific Weight Analysis (CCSWA)
No full textInternational audienceOriganum ehrenbergii Boiss., an endemic plant to Lebanon, is widely acknowledged in Lebanese traditional medicine. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the drying method, region, and time of harvest on yield and chemical composition of O. ehrenbergii essential oils (EOs). Plants were harvested monthly throughout 2013 and 2014, from two different regions, Aabadiye and Qartaba, then dried using two drying methods: lyophilization and shade-drying at 4 • C. EO was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS. GC-MS data, combined with independent component analysis (ICA) and common component and specific weight analysis (CCSWA), showed that drying techniques, region of harvest, and soil composition have no effect on the chemical composition of O. ehrenbergii EOs. Of the factors analyzed, only harvesting time affected the EO composition of this species. High and stable amounts of carvacrol, associated with reliable antimicrobial activities, were detected in material harvested between March and October. EOs obtained from plants harvested in Aabadiye in January and February showed high amounts of thymoquinone, related to anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects. The use of ICA and CCSWA was proven to be efficient, and allowed the development of a discriminant model for the classification of O. ehrenbergii chemotype and the determination of the best harvesting time
Les traductions de urbanisme et town planning en arabe (XXe s.). Exploration à partir des cas du Liban, de l’Egypte, de la Syrie
No full textLa question de la constitution d’un vocabulaire de l’urbanisme au Proche-Orient arabe se pose dans un contexte différent de celui des pays industrialisés européens. La domination politique liée à la colonisation et son héritage culturel, notamment linguistique, éclairent l’émergence de pratiques professionnelles et de politiques publiques nouvelles
Application of Remotely Sensed Imagery and Socioeconomic Surveys to Map Crop Choices in the Bekaa Valley (Lebanon)
No full textInternational audienc
Methods and Tools for Completing Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) Theses
No full textInternational audienceYou have been a business manager for a long time, and you have gained much experience. You already have reached the most common professional goals (being a director, managing a large team, taking big decisions), but you still miss something you fail to explain ... is it the social and professional need for acknowledgment in your career that leads you to engage in research? Is it the intuition that you will be more competent after following a doctoral program? Professor Pierre Volle,from University Paris-Dauphine displays a list of motivations for managers to engage in a DBA program
Analyse des occurrences des feux de végétation dans la commune de Ouèssè
No full textInternational audienceCette étude vise à analyser ses occurrences dans la commune de Ouèssè. Les feux de végétation constituent une pratique séculaire répandue dans toutes les régions écologiques du Bénin. Ces feux menacent aussi bien la diversité biologique que l’ensemble de ressources naturelles et économiques du pays. Pour réaliser cette étude, les données du Radiomètre spectral pour imagerie de résolution moyenne (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) MODIS (capteur) embarqué à bord des satellites Terra et Aqua de MODIS à résolution de 1000 m et registrées de 2001 à 2016 ont été utilisées. Il ressort du traitement de ces données un total de 7348 départs de feu étalés notamment sur 7 mois (janvier à mai, novembre et décembre). Les maxima du nombre de feu sont enregistrés en décembre et janvier et le minimum en mai. Les mois de juin à octobre ne connaissent pas de feu. La répartition annuelle montre une variation d’une année à l’autre sur la période d’étude. Les années 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008 et 2009 ont enregistré chacune plus de 500 feux. Sur la même période les feux précoces représentent 1% et les feux tardifs 99%. L’arrondissement de Toui a enregistré le plus grand nombre (1919 soit 26%) et Odougba, le plus faible (17 soit 0.2%). La forêt classée de Toui-Kilibo a enregistré 12% et le domaine protégé 88 % des feux de la période d’étude. La localisation des feux par rapport aux localités fait ressortir que 59 % des départs de feu sont situés à 2 km des habitations et 86 % sont situés à 5 km du réseau routier. Cette dernière explique l’accessibilité des sites de mise à feu. Tout en affectant les conditions socio-économiques des populations, l’ampleur des feux ne cesse d’impacter négativement les services éco-systémiques, les ressources et la diversité biologique de la Commune de Ouèssè
SIc–Abacus: An in–situ tool for estimating SIc and Pco2 in the context of carbonate karst
No full textInternational audienceThis article aims to provide an on the spot, handy field tool that can be used in estimating the Saturation Index with respect to calcite in karst aquifers in a limestone context. It relies on an abacus that gives the SIc by using measured pH and bicarbonate concentration as coordinates.The analytical expressions of the carbonate equilibrium equations are derived in order to calculate SIc from values that can be measured on field. Using these established relationships, we propose an Abacus built from the SIc=f(Pco2eq) reference frame, hence called SIc–Abacus.Accuracy of SIc calculation is also discussed. SIc is calculated with values measured considering uncertainty coming from pH (±0.05 pH units), temperature (±0.1 °C), bicarbonate and calcium concentrations (±2.5 mg/L and ±2 mg/L). This gives, for each sample, a range of possible SIc values of ±0.060 pH units (for a bicarbonate concentration close to 300 mg/L). The effect on SIc range of possible values given by bicarbonate and calcium uncertainties is about 10 times lower than the effect brought by pH uncertainty. Also, bicarbonate and calcium concentration can be estimated from electrical conductivity leading to a possible range of SIc value of ±0.087 pH units. In both cases, the range of possible values of SIc varies according to the bicarbonate concentration.Using Cussac and Lascaux sites, an evaluation was done. Results show the goodness of fit (R2=0.96) between the calculated SIc from measured pH, bicarbonate and calcium concentration and the estimated SIc values generated from the SIc–Abacus. Apart from calculating SIc, another method which is an alternative use of the generated SIc equation focused on obtaining pH using parameters such as electrical conductivity and dissolved CO2 measurements is presented.The study shows that SIc–Abacus can be a new in–situ tool for karst aquifer surveys. It can facilitate in making a swift decision that tackles carbonate karst issues (e.g. when selecting sites or in deciding if extensive monitoring should be performed or not based from a specific objective)
Implémentation des véhicules autonomes au Liban : opportunités, défis et décisions éthiques
No full textInternational audienceThe Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology allows people to travel without intervening. The quick progress in this technology and the efforts of manufacturers companies to reach fully Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) using artificial intelligent, forecast a bright future. Researches have estimated that on average, one passenger in a vehicle traveling one kilometer in Lebanon costs about $ 48, including externality components of crashes, travel time, congestion and pollution. Thus, the main purpose of this research is to highlight the opportunities of implementing AVs in Lebanon, such as reduction in traffic accidents and congestion, improvement of accessibility, human health, economic and social life. Moreover, this paper highlight the barriers standing in front of implementing this technology, like the missing of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) and the funds needed for its execution, and gives some policy recommendations. Finally, the authors present their statistics conducted in Lebanon about ethical decisions that AVs should take particularly in case of a crash in different scenarios through the participants’ responses