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Ineffective Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) Inhibitors Monotherapy in Dyslipidemia with Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) Receptor Abnormalities: A Report of 2 Cases
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND Real-life data on the efficacy of monotherapy with PCSK9 inhibitors are scarce. Most cohort studies have examined populations that are not severely dyslipidemic and are receiving combined therapy rather than monotherapy.CASE REPORT From a series of 167 alirocumab prescriptions, we present a case of complete nonresponse and one of low response to monotherapy with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in 2 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and abnormalities of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) receptor. In these cases, PCSK9 inhibitors were ineffective when used alone to reduce the LDL-C level, but the addition of statin led to a dramatic improvement. CONCLUSIONS As PCSK9 inhibitors become more commonly prescribed, more cases of nonresponse to PCSK9 inhibitors will be identified. Prospective studies are needed to investigate the efficacy of treatment with the monoclonal antibodies PCSK9 inhibitors in the context of LDL-C receptor abnormalities and to determine whether a genetic explanation exists for interindividual differences in response
Factors associated with wheezing among Lebanese children: Results of a cross-sectional study
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Comparing cigarette smoking knowledge and attitudes among smokers and non-smokers
No full textInternational audienceSmoking prevalence in Lebanon was reported by the World Health Organization to be 43%, which is among the highest rates in the Arab nation. The objectives of this study were to assess cigarette smoking knowledge and attitude among smokers and non-smokers using validated scales in the Lebanese general population and evaluate their association with current cigarette smoking; a secondary objective is to assess the dose effect relationship of knowledge and attitude with cumulative smoking. This cross-sectional took place between May and December 2018, and enrolled a sample of 2623 participants, representative from all Lebanese governorates. A questionnaire about knowledge of the harmful effects of tobacco and attitude toward smoking bans retrieved from other studies was used to collect data. Male gender (ORa = 0.75), having a low monthly income (ORa = 1.56) and a higher passive smoking score (ORa = 1.25), were significantly associated with higher odds of being current smokers. Higher knowledge score (ORa = 0.97) and positive attitude toward smoking ban score (ORa = 0.94) were significantly associated with lower odds of being current smokers. In addition, increased age (ß = 15.21) and higher passive smoking score (ß = 26.58) were significantly associated with higher cumulative cigarette smoking. More positive attitude toward smoking ban score (ß = - 6.51) and having a university degree (ß = - 68.35) were significantly associated with lower cumulative cigarette smoking. Higher knowledge about the smoking-related health problems and better attitudes toward smoking ban were observed among non-smokers compared to smokers. It is important to increase awareness campaigns and to propose effective interventions to put in place an adequate culture of smoking cessation among the general population
Correction to: Relationship between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and schizophrenia in the Lebanese population: potential implication of genetic polymorphism of MMP-9
No full textInternational audienceAn amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article
La mathématique migrante
No full textInternational audienceLa route de l'inconnu(e) : histoire de quelques concepts mathématiques à travers les grandes migrations en méditerrané
Social ties, foreign market attractiveness and trust
No full textInternational audienceThroughout history, civilisations have expanded their territories in the search for wealth and enrichment. Hence, foreign expansion has alwaysbeen perceived as a way of increasing and acquiring resources, crafts, knowledge and markets. In our days, foreign expansion is mostly executed by firms driven by the same reasons. The foreign market attractiveness theory stands as a reference for any multinational entrepreneurial expansion and related foreign venturing prospects. Our approach tests the validity of the theory’s constraints when subjected to social ties and relations. The research analyses how entrepreneurs weigh information of a foreign market opportunity transmitted through socially tied sources. We found that the trust factor between the entrepreneur and his socially tied source of information negatively influences the foreign market entry attractiveness theory. Additionally, entrepreneurs with strong social knowledge base and bonds investigate any information communicated to them by a socially tied source
FRACTURE BASED NON LINEAR MODEL FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
No full textInternational audienceThis research investigates the effectiveness of bio-sourced flax fiber-reinforced polymer in comparison with a traditional system based on carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy polymer in order to confine recycled aggregate concretes. The experimental investigation was conducted on two series of concrete including three mixtures with 30%, 50%, and 100% of recycled aggregates and a reference concrete made with natural aggregates. The concrete mixtures were intended for a frost environment where an air-entraining agent was added to the mixture of the second series to achieve 4% air content. The first part of the present work is experimental and aimed to characterize the compressive performance of confined materials. The results indicated that bio-sourced composites are efficient in strengthening recycled aggregates concrete, especially the air-entrained one. It was also found that the compressive strength and the strain enhancement obtained from FRP confinement are little affected by the replacement ratio. The second part was dedicated to the analytical modeling of mechanical properties and stress–strain curves under compression. With the most adequate ultimate strength and strain prediction relationships, the full behavior of FRP-confined concrete can be predicted using the model developed by Ghorbel et al. to account for the presence of recycled aggregates in concrete mixtures
Prosopographie d’une moniale musicologue francophone du Levant : Sœur Thérèse-Berthe Antar
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Culture and multiple firm-bank relationships: a matter of secrecy and trust?
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Effectiveness of Etching by Three Acids on the Morphological and Chemical Features of Dentin Tissue.
No full textAim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microscopic and chemical effects of phosphoric acid gel, phosphoric acid liquid, and polyacrylic acid application for 15 seconds (s) on coronal dentin. Materials and methods: Twelve extracted teeth were selected. Three etching acids were used to prepare the dentin surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) were used to analyze the chemical and morphological changes of the dentinal surfaces, including the depth of demineralization. Collected data were statistically analyzed by the one-way analysis of variance test. Results: Dentin etched with phosphoric acid gel or liquid showed greater peritubular dentin dissolution, including complete removal of the smear layer. In addition, there were many silica particles on the dentin etched by phosphoric acid gel 37%. The dentin that was etched with 25% polyacrylic acid for 15 seconds showed no smear layer removal. Chemical analysis (EDX) showed that dental surfaces etched with phosphoric acid liquid 37% for 15 seconds showed the strongest mineral dissolution at the calcium surface, with a calcium content of 5.25%. On the other hand, EDX analysis of the dental surface etched with 25% polyacrylic acid showed more surface enrichment in calcium (17.19%). Conclusion: Although phosphoric acid (gel or liquid) 37% cleans the dental surface, phosphoric acid gel precipitates silica particles on the etched dentin surface. These particles cannot be removed by rinsing off this acid. The application of polyacrylic acid for 15 seconds does not noticeably demineralized dentin, nor remove the smear layer. Clinical significance: The clinician should use phosphoric acid (gel or liquid) to clean dental surfaces to prepare them for the bonding process. The low demineralizing effects of the polyacrylic acid permits its use near the pulp