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IoT-Driven Workflows for Risk Management and Control of Beehives
No full textInternational audienceThe internet of things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 technologies are becoming widely used in the field of apiculture to enhance honey production and reduce colony losses using connected scales combined with additional data, such as relative humidity and internal temperature. This paper exploits beehive weight measurements and builds appropriate business rules using two instruments. The first is an IoT fixed scale installed on one hive, taking rich continuous measurements, and used as a reference. The second is a portable nomad scale communicating with a smartphone and used for the remaining hives. A key contribution will be the run and triggering of a business process model based on apicultural business rules learned from experience and system observed events. Later, the evolution of the weight of each individual hive, obtained by either measurement or inference, will be associated with a graphical workflow diagram expressed with the business process model and notation (BPMN) language, and will trigger events that inform beekeepers to initiate relevant action. Finally, the BPMN processes will be transformed into executable models for model driven decision support. This contribution improves amateur and professional user-experience for honeybee keeping and opens the door for interoperability between the suggested model and other available simulations (weather, humidity, bee colony behavior, etc.)
CO2 reforming of methane over Ni and/or Ru catalysts supported on mesoporous KIT-6: Effect of promotion with Ce
No full textInternational audienceCO2 reforming of methane was studied over Ni and/or Ru supported on KIT-6 and KIT-6 promoted with Ce catalysts synthesized using the wet impregnation technique. The percent of nickel and ruthenium in all catalysts was fixed at 15 wt% and/or 1 wt% respectively. All catalysts were calcined at 550 °C and characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption/desorption, H2-TPR and CO2-TPD. All catalysts exhibited type IVa isotherms attributed to their mesoporous nature. Ce promotion resulted in a significant destruction of the porous structure which was demonstrated by the change in the shape of the isotherm as well as decreased surface areas and pore volumes. H2-TPR profiles showed reduction peaks corresponding to the reduction of agglomerated RuO2 species as well as different NiO species that are either free or in interaction with the support. It was noticed that the incorporation of Ce impaired the interactions between the active phase and the support. CO2-TPD profiles demonstrated that promoting the catalysts with Ce increased their basicity. Among the non-promoted catalysts, Ni-Ru/KIT-6 presented enhanced active phase dispersion, reducibility, and the highest basicity which resulted in an ameliorated catalytic performance. However, the promoted Ni-Ru/Ce-KIT-6 catalyst exhibited much higher activity and stability after 12 h on stream despite the formation of graphitic carbon resulting from the decomposition of methane
Analgesic effect of central relaxin receptor activation on persistent inflammatory pain in mice: behavioral and neurochemical data
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Introduction: The relaxin peptide signaling system is involved in diverse physiological processes, but its possible roles in the brain, including nociception, are largely unexplored. Objective: In light of abundant expression of relaxin receptor (RXFP1) mRNA/protein in brain regions involved in pain processing, we investigated the effects of central RXFP1 activation on nociceptive behavior in a mouse model of inflammatory pain and examined the neurochemical phenotype and connectivity of relaxin and RXFP1 mRNA-positive neurons. Methods: Mice were injected with Complete Freund Adjuvant (CFA) into a hind paw. After 4 days, the RXFP1 agonist peptides, H2-relaxin or B7-33, ± the RXFP1 antagonist, B-R13/17K-H2, were injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle, and mechanical and thermal sensitivity were assessed at 30 to 120 minutes. Relaxin and RXFP1 mRNA in excitatory and inhibitory neurons were examined using multiplex, fluorescent in situ hybridization. Relaxin-containing neurons were detected using immunohistochemistry and their projections assessed using fluorogold retrograde tract-tracing. Results: Both H2-relaxin and B7-33 produced a strong, but transient, reduction in mechanical and thermal sensitivity of the CFA-injected hind paw alone, at 30 minutes postinjection. Notably, coinjection of B-R13/17K-H2 blocked mechanical, but not thermal, analgesia. In the claustrum, cingulate cortex, and subiculum, RXFP1 mRNA was expressed in excitatory neurons. Relaxin immunoreactivity was detected in neurons in forebrain and midbrain areas involved in pain processing and sending projections to the RXFP1-rich, claustrum and cingulate cortex. No changes were detected in CFA mice. Conclusion: Our study identified a previously unexplored peptidergic system that can control pain processing in the brain and produce analgesia
Analytical exploration of elementary production steps of Hommos Bi Tahiné
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Catalogue des manuscrits syriaques et garshouni de la bibliothèque patriarcale de Charfet (Liban). Fonds Rahmani, tome 1
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Gouverner les frontières comme politique de vie ?
No full textPour limiter la propagation du coronavirus, la plupart des gouvernements a fermé leurs frontières et multiplié les restrictions de circulation. Un des effets notables de la fermeture des frontières est d’avoir placé nombre d’Européens dans une position - certes temporaire - d’immobilité. Rarement, sauf en temps de guerre, les citoyens européens, dont le passeport permet habituellement de visiter autour de 180 pays sans autorisation préalable, ne s’étaient vu imposer de telles restrictions à leur mobilité, aussi bien vers d’autres continents qu’au sein même de l’ Europe. Cette restriction des mouvements revêt ainsi une dimension inédite : elle s’applique aux populations du nord alors qu’elle s’impose en temps normal aux « migrants » du sud
COVID-19 paraclinical diagnostic tools: Updates and future trends
No full textInternational audienceMotivation: COVID-19 is one of the most widely affecting pandemics. As for many respiratory viruses-caused diseases, diagnosis of COVID-19 relies on two main compartments: clinical and paraclinical diagnostic criteria. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is vital in such a pandemic. On one side, rapidity may enhance management effectiveness, while on the other, coupling efficiency and less costly procedures may permit more effective community-scale management.Methodology and main structure: In this review, we shed light on the most used and the most validated diagnostic tools. Furthermore, we intend to include few under-development techniques that may be potentially useful in this context. The practical intent of our work is to provide clinicians with a realistic summarized review of the essential elements in the applied paraclinical diagnosis of COVID-19
Bio-Numerical Analysis of the Human Ankle-Foot Model Corresponding to Neutral Standing Condition
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Animal models of pain: Diversity and benefits
No full textInternational audienceChronic pain is a maladaptive neurological disease that remains a major health problem. A deepening of our knowledge on mechanisms that cause pain is a prerequisite to developing novel treatments. A large variety of animal models of pain has been developed that recapitulate the diverse symptoms of different pain pathologies. These models reproduce different pain phenotypes and remain necessary to examine the multidimensional aspects of pain and understand the cellular and molecular basis underlying pain conditions.In this review, we propose an overview of animal models, from simple organisms to rodents and non-human primates and the specific traits of pain pathologies they model. We present the main behavioral tests for assessing pain and investing the underpinning mechanisms of chronic pathological pain. The validity of animal models is analysed based on their ability to mimic human clinical diseases and to predict treatment outcomes. Refine characterization of pathological phenotypes also requires to consider pain globally using specific procedures dedicated to study emotional comorbidities of pain. We discuss the limitations of pain models when research findings fail to be translated from animal models to human clinics. But we also point to some recent successes in analgesic drug development that highlight strategies for improving the predictive validity of animal models of pain. Finally, we emphasize the importance of using assortments of preclinical pain models to identify pain subtype mechanisms, and to foster the development of better analgesics
Biological activities and chemical characterization of the Lebanese endemic plant Origanum ehrenbergii Boiss
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Origanum ehrenbergii Boiss, endemic to Lebanon, is widely used in culinary preparations. The aim of this study is to assess the chemical composition and biological activities of four extracts obtained by consecutive extractions with four different solvents presenting an increasing polarity (cyclohexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). HPLC‐DAD analysis revealed nine compounds with 8 phenolics, while GC‐MS analysis allowed to detect 96 volatile compounds. Among the latter, some compounds were identified for the first time in plant extracts such as 2‐allyl‐phenyl tiglate (26); 2‐furylmethyl octanoate (28); 1H‐cycloprop[e]azulen‐7‐ol,decahydro‐1,1,7‐trimethyl‐4‐methylene‐,[1ar‐(1aα,4aα,7β,7aβ,7bα)] (30); 2‐(Z)‐propenylphenyl tiglate (32); 6‐hydroxy‐4,4,7a‐trimethyl‐5,6,7,7a‐tetrahydrobenzofuran‐2(4H)‐one (33); ent‐beyerane (37); and (E)‐2‐tridecenyl angelate (40). The methanol extract had the highest antioxidant activity with an IC 50 of 37.5 μg/mL. It also had the highest phenolic content with 207.2 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of dry weight. The inhibition percentage of the acetylcholinesterase by the methanol extract (56.9%), the ethyl acetate extract (58.6%), and the cyclohexane extract (60.0%) was almost the same at 50 µg/mL. Furthermore, the dichloromethane extract inhibited both the growth of the MCF‐7 cell line by 67.0% and HCT‐116 cell line by 35.7% at 50 μg/mL. The MIC of the dichloromethane extract against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19 115 and Listeria monocytogenes isolated from “fish filet” was 4 and 15 μg/mL, respectively, and that of the cyclohexane extract against Staphylococcus aureus was 19.5 μg/mL