Journal of Next-Generation Research 5.0
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Les discours de scientifiques envisagés comme paroles militantes: Le cas de publicisations d’expertises scientifiques en situation de controverses environnementales
No full textInternational audienceConsidérer les discours d’expertise scientifique relatifs à des controverses environnementales comme des paroles militantes, voilà le parti pris de cet article. La mise en perspective d’enquêtes menées sur la construction et la publicisation d’expertises scientifiques autour de deux controverses (l’exploitation des gaz de schistes par hydrofracturation et l’écotoxicité d’Organismes génétiquement modifiés lors de l’affaire dite Séralini) permet de discuter des logiques d’énonciation de l’expertise en distinguant neutralité, implication, militance, et la proposition de notre propre engagement constructiviste. Cette distinction s’appuie sur une approche d’anthropologie de la communication visant à articuler discours, pratiques et représentations des experts pour expliciter l’auctorialité, la transparence et les modalités de (dé-)légitimation vécue durant les processus d’expertise
Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) Exposure in Humans on Reunion Island
No full textInternational audienceAfter the documentation of sporadic cases of Q fever endocarditis, we conducted a serosurvey to assess Coxiella burnetii exposure on Reunion Island. Two hundred forty-one stored frozen human sera were analyzed using an immunofluorescence assay. The weighted seroprevalence of Q fever was of 6.81% (95% confidence interval, 4.02%–9.59%). Despite the absence of infection in youths <20 years of age, exposure was not driven by age or by gender. There was a spatial disparity in exposure across the island, with higher prevalence being reported in regions where ruminant farms are present. The seroprevalence pattern suggests that Q fever is endemic on Reunion Island
A microbiological, physicochemical, and texture study during storage of yoghurt produced under isostatic pressure
No full textInternational audienceThis work aimed to study refrigeration storage (4 °C for 23 days) of yoghurt produced at 43 °C under sub-lethal high pressure, at 10, 20, 30 and 40 MPa, in comparison with the fermentation process at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa). Lactic acid bacteria (S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus, LAB) and quality parameters like pH, titratable acidity, syneresis and colour were evaluated, along with textural analyses to infer how pressure would impact the obtained yoghurt along storage. Higher fermentation pressures resulted in slightly lower LAB loads (a maximum of 1.01 Log (CFU/mL)) and increased the fermentation time (a maximum of 3 h 25 min), syneresis (a maximum of 44%), all for 40 MPa and firmness (a maximum of 2.5-fold) for 30 MPa. Under refrigeration, LAB were more active during the first 15 days of storage in yoghurts fermented under pressure (increasing loads up to 0.54 Log (CFU/mL)). Colour, pH and titratable acidity were not affected by pressure or storage. Further research is of interest to ascertain the biotechnological potential of fermentation processes under sub-lethal high pressure in general and in particular for yoghurt production
Coopération et concurrence dans les Maisons de Santé Pluridisciplinaires : une analyse multi-niveaux
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Militants et paroles militantes à l'épreuve des espaces de discussion
No full textQuestions de communication, série actes 37International audienc
Differential effects of coral-giant clam assemblages on biofouling formation
No full textInternational audienceTo prevent the settlement and/or the growth of fouling organisms (i.e. bacteria, fungi or microalgae), benthic sessile species have developed various defense mechanisms among which the production of chemical molecules. While studies have mostly focused on the release of chemical compounds by single species, there exist limited data on multi-species assemblages. We used an integrative approach to explore the potential interactive effects of distinct assemblages of two corals species and one giant clam species on biofouling appearance and composition. Remarkably, we found distinct biofouling communities suggesting the importance of benthic sessile assemblages in biofouling control. Moreover, the assemblage of 3 species led to an inhibition of biofouling, likely through a complex of secondary metabolites. Our results highlight that through their different effect on their near environment, species assemblages might be of upmost importance for their survival and therefore, should now be taken into account for sustainable management of coral reefs
: Déclaration d'amour et tragédie cachée dans Bérénice de Racine
No full textInternational audienceThis article proposes an original reinterpretation of the play by showing that the story of Titus and Bérénice is not characterized in a tragic way at all by Racine and is paradoxically configured as a long and gallant declaration of love that is constantly postponed. Although Racine’s main source turns out to be a little-known text by Scudéry, the playwright has managed to reintroduce a tragic dimension via the character Antiochus, a true tragic hero in Aristotle’s sense.L'article propose une relecture originale de la pièce en montrant que l'histoire de Titus et Bérénice n'a chez Racine aucune caractérisation tragique et se configure paradoxalement comme une longue et galante déclaration d'amour constamment reportée. Bien que la source principale de Racine se révèle être un texte méconnu de Scudéry, le dramaturge est pourtant parvenu à réintroduire une dimension tragique à travers le personnage d'Antiochus, véritable héros tragique au sens d'Aristote
A generating polynomial for the two-bridge knot with Conway's notation C(n,r)
No full text11 pages, 9 figures, 8 tableaux, 12 entrées OEISWe construct an integer polynomial whose coefficients enumerate the Kauffman states of the two-bridge knot with Conway's notation C(n,r)
Slab fragmentation beneath the Aegean/Anatolia transition zone: Insights from the tectonic and metamorphic evolution of the Eastern Aegean region
No full textInternational audienceSlab tearing below western Turkey had first-order tectonic and magmatic consequences by inducing a lateral gradient of extension in the upper plate and toroidal flow of asthenosphere that affected the typology and distribution of melts at the surface. But the coupling mechanisms between the 3D mantle flow at depth and deformation in the upper plate above a slab tear have received little attention so far. This paper is focused on the description of the distribution and kinematics of deformation in the eastern part of the Aegean Sea, within the transition zone between the Cyclades and the Menderes Massif, which have been little studied. By investigating the Dodecanese and Eastern Aegean islands, we thus complete the description of the extensional strain field in the overriding plate around the slab tear. There, extension related to slab retreat and tearing keeps a constant NNE-SSW direction accommodating the difference in finite rates of extension, without localized crustal-scale strike-slip faults and block rotations above the tear. In addition, despite the complexity involved in the Aegean-Anatolian orogenic wedge, a similar structural position is recognized through the entire region. From top to bottom, we found that (i) the Lycian units which were exhumed earlier, in the Late Cretaceous, (ii) the higher-pressure and higher-temperature units (i.e. the Upper Cycladic Blueschist Nappe), with exception of the Vourliotes nappe in Samos, and finally (iii) the colder units such as Amorgos unit, the Menderes and its cover before the Main Menderes Metamorphism overprint and the Lower Cycladic Blueschist Nappe (e.g. Milos, Folegandros, a part of the Dodecanese and Fourni islands)