Journal of Next-Generation Research 5.0
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Représentations des confins de l’océan Indien, les voyages d’Ida Pfeiffer 1847-1857
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Where does a volcano break? Using self-potential reiteration to forecast the precise location of major destructive events on active volcanoes: the case study of the Piton de la Fournaise 2007 caldera collapse
No full textInternational audienceIn April 2007, the Dolomieu caldera collapse was one of the most outstanding events of the last few decades at Piton de la Fournaise volcano. Forecasting the occurrence of such a destructive event is difficult but since then, the development of tools and monitoring networks has improved our knowledge of the dynamics of volcano instability. However, the precise location of volcano failure is still hard to constrain. In this paper, we show that reiteration of self-potential (SP) measurements taken at a one meter step-size along a 440-m-long profile prior to caldera collapse brings valuable insights on the most instable areas around the Dolomieu crater. SP signal dynamic reveals information not visible on one single SP acquisition. In particular, the SP dynamic highlights the presence of low cohesion/low strength materials at depth despite a lack of surface expression. Our survey at Piton de la Four-naise showed that preferential failure area can be precisely identified, at the meter scale. These results highlight the relevance of SP reiteration measurements as a tool for locating instabilities in both volcanic and non-volcanic environments
CJUE, (2ème ch.), 19 décembre 2018, aff. C-357/17, Stanley International Betting et Stanleybet Malta
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Mettre en place un dispositif hybride en classe de FLE, basé sur la classe inversée et le SPOC : un cas de l’Université de Zhejiang Gongshang (Chine)
No full textInternational audienceThe purpose of this paper is to present reflections and a design that illustrates the construction of a blended learning course for the students-beginners without any previous knowledge of French. Its construction is based on a survey of needs analysis, which produces information to better adapt the offer of training to the students’ demand.Cet article a pour but de présenter une démarche et des réflexions illustrant la conception d’un dispositif de formation hybride, adressé à des étudiants faux-débutants n’ayant aucune expérience préalable de l’apprentissage du FLE. Le travail de conception est précédé par une démarche d’analyse des besoins destinée à fournir des informations pour mieux adapter l’offre d’enseignement à la demande des étudiants
Partitioning the Indian Ocean based on surface fields of physical and biological properties
No full textInternational audienceComprehensively sampling the ocean in situ remains a challenge, even in the current era of rapid technological development. In less than a decade, the deployment of thousands of autonomous profiling floats increased the number of ocean temperature profiles by an order of magnitude compared to ship-based sampling in the past. But expendable floats cannot sample all the physical and biogeochemical regimes in the global ocean. A promising avenue that could guide in situ sampling is to partition oceans based on selected properties in order to identify "homogeneous" areas. This approach greatly reduces the number of measurements needed to represent the state of the ocean. However, homogeneous areas can be partitioned in many ways: depending on whether a single or several properties are considered; and on whether the definition of boundaries is left to expert knowledge or derived from objective analysis techniques. Here, we use a clustering method to map and partition many surface variables, and we further examine how this partitioning is affected by various ways of averaging or normalizing the input data. We performed this study using 15 different surface fields of physical and biological properties derived from satellite remote sensing observations and from global model outputs at a monthly resolution. The area of study is the Indian Ocean-one of the least-sampled oceans-which is the focus of a global research effort under the auspices of the second International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE-2). We show a strong effect of the average absolute values of the data, which can be removed to better examine the phenology of the properties. However, normalization is not mandatory; the technique selected should depend on the scientific questions at hand. Our clusters did generally did not match closely the regions identified by Longhurst in his seminal work on ocean provinces
Modelling and experimentation of heat exchangers for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion during transient operation
No full textInternational audienceOcean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is considered as a non-intermittent base energy resource. It consists in using the difference of temperature between the hot surface seawater in tropical seas and the cold deep seawater to produce electricity by mean of a thermodynamic motor cycle. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is adapted for this kind of application. In the literature, performances of such a system are often studied under steady state conditions, mainly because the temperature of the sources do not present intermittency. However, the study of the transient behavior of an OTEC power plant could be of major interest for piloting purposes. With this aim, a dynamic model of heat exchanger is presented with the use of a Moving Boundary Model (MBM) in order to distinguish the monophasic and diphasic parts of the transfer. Moreover, experiments have been carried out on an onshore OTEC prototype located in Reunion Island and compared to simulations. The case being studied is an increase of 1 °C of the hot water during 3 minutes leading to a good agreement between simulation and measurement. Abstract Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is considered as a non-intermittent base energy resource. It consists in using the difference of temperature between the hot surface seawater in tropical seas and the cold deep seawater to produce electricity by mean of a thermodynamic motor cycle. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is adapted for this kind of application. In the literature, performances of such a system are often studied under steady state conditions, mainly because the temperature of the sources do not present intermittency. However, the study of the transient behavior of an OTEC power plant could be of major interest for piloting purposes. With this aim, a dynamic model of heat exchanger is presented with the use of a Moving Boundary Model (MBM) in order to distinguish the monophasic and diphasic parts of the transfer. Moreover, experiments have been carried out on an onshore OTEC prototype located in Reunion Island and compared to simulations. The case being studied is an increase of 1 °C of the hot water during 3 minutes leading to a good agreement between simulation and measurement
Survival and specific outcome of sickle cell disease patients after renal transplantation
No full textInternational audienceThe prognosis of sickle cell disease (SCD) patients who need dialysis is poor, but experience with kidney transplantation is limited. This study assessed the characteristics of 36 SCD patients undergoing renal transplantation. Immediate post-surgical complications occurred in 25% of cases. Cytomegalovirus and bacterial infections were frequently observed. Twelve patients died after a median follow-up period of17-4 months. Overall patient survival was significantly lower in SCD than in the control group without significant difference for overall death-censored graft sur-vival. Our data suggest that renal transplantation should be systematically considered in SCD patients with end-stage renal disease