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A Reference Schema for the Unit Manufacturing Process Information Model
No full textThis document presents supporting documentation for a reference implementation of the Unit Manufacturing Process (UMP) information model presented in ASTM E3012, Standard Guide for Characterizing Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing Processes. A version of this schema is used in the UMP Builder, a web-based toolkit for recording and storing UMP models
Wing Tsang
No full textWing Tsang
NBS/NIST: 1962-2013
INDUCTED: 2019
B: 1935, Shanghai, China
EDUCATION:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, SB (Chemical Engineering), 1956
Cornell University, PhD (Physical Chemistry), 1961
Cornell University, NSF Post-Doctoral Fellow, 1962
CITATION: For outstanding technical contributions and leadership in experimental and theoretical chemical kinetics and for the preparation of evaluated chemical kinetics databases.
POSITIONS HELD AT NBS/NIST:
Research Chemist, Physical Chemistry Division, Institute for Materials Research (IMR), 1962-1976
Leader, Chemical Kinetics Group, Physical Chemistry Division, IMR, 1976-1978
Chief, Chemical Kinetics Division, Center for Thermodynamics and Molecular Science, National Measurement Laboratory, 1978-1981
Research Chemist, Chemical Sciences Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 1981-2003
NIST Fellow, Chemical Sciences Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 2003-2013
HONORS:
Tau Beta Pi Engineering Honor Society
Phi Lambda Upsilon Chemistry Honor Society
U.S. Department of Commerce Silver Medal (1974)
U.S. Department of Commerce Gold Medal (1987)
NIST Fellow (2003-2013)
MEMBERSHIPS:
Combustion Institute
Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data
International Journal of Chemical Kinetics
Sigma Xi
PUBLICATIONS:
More than 200 publications including:
Tsang, W., "Thermal Decomposition of Some Alkyl Halides by a Shock Tube Method", J. Chem. Phys. 41, 2487 (1964)
Tsang, W., "Evidence for Strongly Temperature Dependent A-Factors in Alkane Decomposition and High Heats of Formation for Alkyl Radicals", Intl. J. Chem. Kinetics 10, 821 (1978)
Tsang, W., "The Stability of Alkyl Radicals", J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 107, 2873 (1985)
Tsang, W., "Chemical Kinetic Database for Combustion Chemistry, Part I, Methane and Related Compounds", J. Phys. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 15, 1087 (1986); Part 2, "Methanol", JPCRD, 17, 471, (1987); Part 3, "Propane",
JPCRD, 17, 887, (1988); Part 4, "Isobutane", JPCRD, 10, 1, (1990); Part 5, "Propene", JPCRD, 20, 221, (1991)
Tsang W., and Herron, J.T., "Chemical Kinetic Data Base for Propellant Combustion: I. Reactions involving NO, NO2, HNO, HNO2, HCN and N2O", J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 20, 609 (1991)
Baulch, D. L., Bowman, C. T., Cobos, C. J., Cox, R., Just, T., Kerr. J.A., Pilling, R.J., Stocker, D., Troe, J., Tsang, W., Walker. R. W., and Warnatz, J., "Evaluated Kinetic Data for Combustion Modeling: Supplement II", Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 34, 3, 767-1398 (2005
Richard F. Kayser Jr.
No full textRICHARD F. KAYSER, JR.
NBS/NIST: 1976-2018
INDUCTED: 2019
Birth: 1951, Cincinnati, Ohio
EDUCATION:
Brown University, ScB (Chemistry), 1973
Rice University, PhD (Chemistry), 1976
CITATION: For outstanding organizational and scientific leadership at NIST and for establishing the Institute’s Health, Safety, and Environmental program.
POSITIONS HELD AT NBS/NIST:
National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow, 1976-1977
Research Chemist, Equation of State and Statistical Physics Group, Thermophysics Division, Center for Chemical
Engineering (CCE), National Engineering Laboratory (NEL), 1977-1986
Program Analyst, Office the Director, National Engineering Laboratory, and Office of NIST Director, 1986
Acting Deputy Director, CCE, NEL, 1986-1987
Group Leader, Equation of State and Statistical Physics Group, Thermophysics Division, CCE, 1987-1988
Acting Deputy Director, Center for Chemical Technology, 1988-1989
Chief, Thermophysics Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory (CSTL), 1989-1996
Chief, Physical and Chemical Properties Division, CSTL, 1996-1999
Director, Technology Services, 1999-2005
Acting NIST Deputy Director, 2004-2005 and 2007-2008
Director, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, 2005-2008
NIST Chief Scientist and Acting NIST Deputy Director, 2008-2009
Incident Response Director, Boulder Plutonium Contamination Event, 2008-2009
Chief Safety Officer and Director, Office of Safety, Health, and Environment, 2009-2018
HONORS:
NIST Bronze Medal (1983)
Sigma Xi Outstanding Young Scientist Award (1987)
U.S. Department of Commerce Silver Medal (1996 and 1999)
Presidential Rank Award for Meritorious Service (1997 and 2007)
National Association for Laboratory Accreditation Outstanding Achievement Award (2000)
MEMBERSHIPS:
ASTM International Board of Directors (2003-2010); Chairman of the Board (2008)
U.S. Representative for Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards (VAMAS) Steering Committee
PUBLICATIONS:
More than 35 publications including:
Raveche, H.J. and Kayser, R.F., "Towards a Molecular Theory of Freezing. The Equation of State and Free Energy
from the first BBGKY Equation", J. Chem. Phys. 68, 3632 (1978)
Kayser, R.F. and Raveche, H.J., "Bifurcation in Onsager’s Model of the Isotropic-nematic Transition", Phys. Rev. A17,
2067 (1978)
Kayser, R.F. and Hubbard, J.B., "Diffusion in a Medium with a Random Distribution of Static Traps", Phys. Rev. Lett.
51, 79 (1983)
Kayser, R.F. and Hubbard, J.B., "Reaction-diffusion in a Medium with a Random Distribution of Non-overlapping
Traps", Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1127 (1984)
Kayser, R.F., Schmidt, J.W., and Moldover, M.R., "Wetting Layers and Dispersion Forces for a Fluid in Contact with a
Vertical Wall", Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 707 (1985)
Kayser, R.F., "Effect of Surface Ionization on Wetting Layers", Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 1831 (1986
interlab: A Python Module for Analyzing Interlaboratory Comparison Data
No full textinterlab was developed as a software tool to perform consensus analysis on spectral data from interlaboratory studies. It is designed to estimate the spread in the spectral data and to identify possible outliers among both spectral populations and facilities in the study. Use of this code allows researchers to identify laboratories producing data closest to the consensus values, thereby ensuring that untargeted studies are using the most precise data available to them. The software was originally developed for analyzing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data but can be applied to nearly any array data, including Raman or Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas or liquid chromatography
The Use of Correlated Binomial Distribution in Estimating Error Rates for Firearm Evidence Identification
No full textIn the branch of forensic science known as firearm evidence identification, estimating error rates is a fundamental challenge. Recently, a new quantitative approach known as the congruent matching cells (CMC) method was developed to improve the accuracy of ballistic identifications and provide a basis for estimating error rates. To estimate error rates, the key is to find an appropriate probability distribution for the relative frequency distribution of observed CMCs overlaid on a relevant measured firearm surface such as the breech face of a cartridge case. Several probability models based on the assumption of independence between cell pair comparisons have been proposed, but the assumption of independence among the cell pair comparisons from the CMC method may not be valid. This article proposes statistical models based on dependent Bernoulli trials, along with corresponding methodology for parameter estimation. To demonstrate the potential improvement from the use of the dependent Bernoulli trial model, the methodology is applied to an actual data set of fired cartridge cases
X-ray Computed Tomography InstrumentPerformance Evaluation, Part I: Sensitivity to Detector Geometry Errors
No full textThe development of standards for evaluating the performance of X-ray computed tomography (XCT) instruments is ongoing within the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) working committees. A key challenge in developing documentary standards is to identify test procedures that are sensitive to known error sources. In Part I of this work, we described the effect of geometry errors associated with the detector and determined their influence through simulations on sphere center-to-center distance errors and sphere form errors for spheres located in the tomographically reconstructed measurement volume. We also introduced a new simulation method, the single-point ray tracing method, to efficiently perform the distance and form error computations and presented data validating the method. In this second part, also based on simulation studies, we describe the effect of errors associated with the rotation stage on sphere center-to-center distance errors and sphere form errors for spheres located in the tomographically reconstructed measurement volume. We recommend optimal sphere center locations that are most sensitive to rotation stage errors for consideration by documentary standards committees in the development of test procedures for performance evaluation
Nestor: A Tool for Natural Language Annotation of Short Texts
No full textNestor is a software tool that annotates natural language CSV (comma-separated variable) files, with a UTF-8 (Unicode Transformation Format - 8-bit) encoding, using a process called tagging [1]. The objective of Nestor is to help analysts make their natural language data, which is often unstructured, filled with technical content, jargon, mispellings, and abbreviations, computable to improve analysis. An example of natural language data that could be input to Nestor and the subsequent output data and the corresponding output is shown in Table 1. The annotated datasets generated by Nestor (as either a CSV or .h5 file) can be used for different analysis techniques, such as failure prediction, problem hot spot identification, and maintenance technician expertise assessment, as shown in [2-10]. Currently, the majority of use cases involve maintenance in the engineering domain (manufacturing, mining, heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC)), however, any natural language CSV file with UTF-8 encoding can be input to Nestor
Fatigue Testing of Pipeline Welds and Heat-Affected Zones in Pressurized Hydrogen Gas
No full textSeveral welds and associated heat-affected zones (HAZs) on two API X70 and two API X52 pipes were tested to determine the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) in pressurized hydrogen gas and assess the area of the pipe that was most susceptible to fatigue when subjected to hydrogen gas. The relationship between FCGRs for welds and HAZs compared to base metal is discussed relative to local residual stresses, differences in the actual path of the crack, and hydrogen pressure effects
Detailed Derivations of Formulas for Heat Release Rate Calculations Revisited: A Pedagogical and Systematic Approach
No full textThe derivations of the formulas for heat release rate calculations are revisited based on the oxygen consumption principle. A systematic, structured, and pedagogical approach to formulate the problem and derive the generalized formulas with fewer assumptions is used. The operation of oxygen consumption calorimetry is treated as a chemical flow process, the problem is formulated in matrix notation, and the associated material balances using the tie component concept commonly used in chemical engineering practices are solved. The derivation procedure described is intuitive and easy to follow. Inclusion of other chemical species in the measurements and calculations can be easily implemented using the generalized framework developed here
Muhammad Arif
No full textMuhammad Arif
Tenue at NBS/NIST: 1988-2018
INDUCTED: 2019
B: 1954, Madaripur, Bangladesh
D: 2018, Frederick, Maryland
EDUCATION:
Dacca University, Bangladesh, BSc (Physics), 1976
Dacca University, Bangladesh, MSc (Physics), 1978
Ohio University, MS (Physics), 1980
University of Missouri, Columbia, PhD (Physics), 1986
CITATION: For the creation and success of the neutron interferometry and neutron imaging programs at NIST.
POSITIONS HELD AT NBS/NIST:
National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow, Quantum Metrology Division, Physics Laboratory, 1988-1990
Research Physicist, Neutron Physics Group, Radiation Physics, Physics Laboratory, 1990-2003
Group Leader, Neutron Physics Group, Radiation Physics, Physical Measurement Laboratory, 2003-2017
NIST Fellow, Neutron Physics, Radiation Physics, Physical Measurement Laboratory, 2014-2018
HONORS:
NIST Bronze Medal (1995 and 2009)
Arthur S. Flemming Award (2003)
DOE R&D Award (2007)
U.S. R&D 100 Award (2008)
U.S. Department of Commerce Gold Medal (2009)
Fellow, American Physical Society (2010)
Fellow, Washington Academy of Sciences (2014)
Fellow, National Institute of Standards and Technology (2014)
Physical Sciences Award, Washington Academy of Sciences (2014)
MEMBERSHIPS:
Program Review Panel, Hahn Meitner Institute, Germany (2013)
Science Advisory Committee, European Spallation Source (2017)
PUBLICATIONS:
More than 120 publications including:
Bellows, R.J., Lin, M.Y., Arif, M., Thompson, A.K., and Jacobson, D.L., "Neutron Imaging Technique for In Situ Measurement of Water Transport Gradients within Nafion in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells", J. Electrochem. Soc. 146, 1099 (1999)
Allman, B.E., McMahon, P.J., Nugent, K.A., Paganin, D., Jacobson, D.L., Arif, M., and Werner, S.A., "Imaging: Phase Radiography with Neutrons", Nature, 408, 158 (2000)
Hickner, M.A., Siegel, N.P., Chen, K.S., Hussey, D.S., Jacobson, D.L., and Arif, M., "In Situ High-resolution Neutron Radiography of Cross-sectional Liquid Water Profiles in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells", J. Electrochem. Soc. 155 (2008)
Clark, C.W., Barankov, R., Huber, M.G., Arif, M., Cory, D.G., and Pushin, D.A., "Controlling Neutron Orbital Angular Momentum", Nature, 525, 504-506 (2015)
Li, K., Arif, M., Cory, D.G., Haun, R., Heacock, B., Huber, M.G., Nsofini, J., Pushin, D.A., Saggu, P., Sarenac, D., Shahi, C.B., Skavysh, V., Snow, W.M., and Young, A.R., "Neutron Limit on the Strongly-coupled Chameleon Field", Physical Review D, 93, 062001 (2016)
Sarenac, D., Huber, M.G., Heacock, B., Arif, M., Clark, C.W., Cory, D.G., Shahi, C.B., and Pushin, D.A. "Holography with a Neutron Interferometer", Optics Express, 24, 22528-22535 (2016