Naresuan University Journal
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CT-based delineation of organs at risk in the head and neck region: DAHANCA, EORTC, GORTEC, HKNPCSG, NCIC CTG, NCRI, NRG Oncology and TROG consensus guidelines.
No full textLimits on fast radio bursts at 145 MHz with ARTEMIS, a real-time software backend
No full textFast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond radio signals that exhibit dispersion larger than what the Galactic electron density can account for. We have conducted a 1446 h survey for FRBs at 145 MHz, covering a total of 4193 deg2 on the sky. We used the UK station of the low frequency array (LOFAR) radio telescope - the Rawlings Array - accompanied for a majority of the time by the LOFAR station at Nançay, observing the same fields at the same frequency. Our real-time search backend, Advanced Radio Transient Event Monitor and Identification System - ARTEMIS, utilizes graphics processing units to search for pulses with dispersion measures up to 320 cm-3 pc. Previous derived FRB rates from surveys around 1.4 GHz, and favoured FRB interpretations, motivated this survey, despite all previous detections occurring at higher dispersion measures. We detected no new FRBs above a signal-to-noise threshold of 10, leading to the most stringent upper limit yet on the FRB event rate at these frequencies: 29 sky-1 d-1 for five ms-duration pulses above 62 Jy. The non-detection could be due to scatter-broadening, limitations on the volume and time searched, or the shape of FRB flux density spectra. Assuming the latter and that FRBs are standard candles, the non-detection is compatible with the published FRB sky rate, if their spectra follow a power law with frequency (∝ να), with α ≳ +0.1, demonstrating a marked difference from pulsar spectra. Our results suggest that surveys at higher frequencies, including the low frequency component of the Square Kilometre Array, will have better chances to detect, estimate rates and understand the origin and properties of FRBs
The performance of supercapacitor electrodes developed from chemically activated carbon produced from waste tea
No full textHighly microporous and mesoporous activated carbons were produced from waste tea for application as supercapacitor electrodes, utilising a chemical activation method involving treatment with either K2CO3 or H3PO4. The area, pore structure characteristics and surface functionality of the activated carbons were evaluated to investigate the influence on electrochemical performance. The performance of the activated carbons as supercapacitor electrodes was tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) measurements, in an aqueous electrolyte. The results showed that the pore structure and type of the activated carbon have significant impact on the supercapacitor performance. Both waste tea-based activated carbon electrodes showed good cyclic stability. However, despite its lower specific surface area the highly microporous activated carbon produced with K2CO3, exhibited much better capacitive performance than that of the mesoporous activated carbon produced with H3PO4
Contextualisation of Biomedical Knowledge through Large-scale Processing of Literature, Clinical Narratives and Social Media
No full textMedicine is often pictured as one of the main examples of “big data science” with a number of challenges and successful stories where data have saved lives [1]. In addition to structured databases that store expert-curated information, unstructured and semi-structured data is a huge and often most up-to-date resource of medical knowledge. These include scientific literature, clinical narratives and social media, which typically capture findings, knowledge and experience of the three main “stakeholder” communities: researchers, clinicians and patients/carers. The ability to harness such data is essential for the integration of medical information to support clinical decision making and medical research
Hydroxyalkylaminoalkylamide PIMs: Selective adsorption by ethanolamine- and diethanolamine-modified PIM-1
No full textThe polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1 was modified by reaction with ethanolamine and with diethanolamine, and the modified polymers characterized by infrared spectroscopy, solid-state NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and nitrogen adsorption. Various possible reaction products were considered, and the results indicated that hydroxyalkylaminoalkylamide structures were obtained. Gas adsorption measurements showed that ethanolamine modification increased the ideal CO2/N2 selectivity. Studies of dye adsorption from aqueous solution demonstrated that the reaction products showed strong selectivity for the anionic dye Orange II, compared to the cationic dye Safranin O. Mass uptakes of the anionic dye by ethanolamine-modified PIM-1 samples were up to 2 orders of magnitude higher than for the parent polymer
Karyotypic assignment of Sri Lankan Anopheles culicifacies species B and E does not correlate with cytochrome oxidase subunit I and microsatellite genotypes.
No full textBACKGROUND: The identification of species B and E in the Anopheles culicifacies complex in the Indian subcontinent has been based on Y-chromosome karyotype. Since no detectable variations were previously found in DNA markers commonly used for sibling species identification, further molecular characterization using cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and microsatellite markers was carried out on Y-chromosome karyotyped Anopheles culicifacies specie B and E from Unnichchai, Kallady and Ranawarunawa in Sri Lanka. FINDINGS: COI sequence analysis (n = 22) revealed the presence of nine unique haplotypes with six in each species. Three haplotypes were shared by both species. The two sibling species had a pairwise FST value of 1.338 (p
Shortcut model for predicting refrigeration cycle performance
No full textCompression refrigeration systems are very widely used to provide cooling to sub-ambient processes. The power demand of the cycle depends strongly on the temperature at which cooling is required, the temperature at which the refrigerant is condensed, as well as the type of refrigerant being used. At lower temperatures (typically lower than -40 °C), complex refrigeration schemes, such as cascaded refrigeration cycles, may be needed, increasing the complexity of the models used to predict the power requirements for a given cooling demand. This work proposes a simple model for predicting the power consumption of such complex cycles, based on regression of more rigorous process simulation models. A simple linear refrigeration model which relates the actual power demand of a refrigeration cycle to the ideal performance (i.e. the Carnot cycle) is developed. The model predicts the power demand prior to design of the refrigeration scheme given the condensing and evaporation temperatures of the refrigerant. The model predictions are shown to be in good agreement with those of more accurate simulation models. Case studies demonstrate the validity of the refrigeration model. The predicted power demand is shown to be within 10 % of that of Branan (2005). The simplicity of the model enables its use for optimizing the design conditions of a complex refrigeration cycle and/or the associated processing conditions
Genome sequencing of the extinct Eurasian wild aurochs, Bos primigenius, illuminates the phylogeography and evolution of cattle
No full textSystematic review of systematic reviews for the management of urinary incontinence and promotion of continence using conservative behavioural approaches in older people in care homes
No full textAim To synthesize evidence from systematic reviews on the management of urinary incontinence and promotion of continence using conservative/behavioural approaches in older people in care homes to inform clinical practice, guidelines and research. Background Incontinence is highly prevalent in older people in care home populations. Design Systematic review of systematic reviews with narrative synthesis. Data sources Electronic searches of published systematic reviews in English using MEDLINE and CINAHL with no date restrictions up to September 2013. Searches supplemented by hand searching and electronic searching of Cochrane Library and PROSPERO. Review methods PRISMA statement was followed, as were established methods for systematic review of systematic reviews. Results Five systematic reviews of high quality were included, three specific to intervention studies and two reviewed descriptive studies. Urinary incontinence was the primary outcome in three reviews with factors associated with the management of urinary incontinence the primary outcome for the other reviews. Conclusion Toileting programmes, in particular prompted voiding, with use of incontinence pads are the main conservative behavioural approach for the management of incontinence and promotion of continence in this population with evidence of effectiveness in the short term. Evidence from associated factors; exercise, mobility, comorbidities, hydration, skin care, staff perspectives, policies and older people's experiences and preference are limited. The majority of evidence of effectiveness are from studies from one country which may or may not be transferable to other care home populations. Future international studies are warranted of complex combined interventions using mixed methods to provide evidence of effectiveness, context of implementation and economic evaluation