Naresuan University Journal
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Does Ethnic Diversity have a Negative Effect on Attitudes towards the Community? A Longitudinal Analysis of the Causal Claims within the Ethnic Diversity and Social Cohesion Debate
No full textOntology-Based Multiple Choice Question Generation
No full textMultiple choice questions (MCQs) are consid- ered highly useful (being easy to take or mark) but quite difficult to create and large numbers are needed to form valid exams and associated practice materials. The idea of re-using an existing ontology to generate MCQs almost suggests itself and has been explored in various projects. In this project, we are applying suitable educational theory regarding assessments and related methods for their eval- uation to ontology-based MCQ generation. In particular, we investigate whether we can measure the similarity of the concepts in an ontology with sufficient reliability so that this measure can be used to control the difficulty of the MCQs generated. In this report, we provide an overview of the background to this research, and describe the main steps taken and insights gaine
Micro additive manufacturing using ultra short laser pulses
No full textUltra short, i.e. femto- and picosecond laser pulses, give new possibilities for additive manufacturing at micro- or nanometre length scales. This keynote paper focuses on two processes, viz Laser Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT) and two-photon polymerization (2PP). LIFT offers opportunity to transfer a large variety of materials and the resolution of 3D structures made with 2PP is unparalleled. Both processes have an enormous flexibility due to the possibility of Direct Laser Writing (DLW). Attention is provided to modelling and monitoring of these processes. Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) and hybrid micro stereo lithography are alternative methods and are briefly described
Conservation and losses of non-coding RNAs in avian genomes.
No full textHere we present the results of a large-scale bioinformatics annotation of non-coding RNA loci in 48 avian genomes. Our approach uses probabilistic models of hand-curated families from the Rfam database to infer conserved RNA families within each avian genome. We supplement these annotations with predictions from the tRNA annotation tool, tRNAscan-SE and microRNAs from miRBase. We identify 34 lncRNA-associated loci that are conserved between birds and mammals and validate 12 of these in chicken. We report several intriguing cases where a reported mammalian lncRNA, but not its function, is conserved. We also demonstrate extensive conservation of classical ncRNAs (e.g., tRNAs) and more recently discovered ncRNAs (e.g., snoRNAs and miRNAs) in birds. Furthermore, we describe numerous "losses" of several RNA families, and attribute these to either genuine loss, divergence or missing data. In particular, we show that many of these losses are due to the challenges associated with assembling avian microchromosomes. These combined results illustrate the utility of applying homology-based methods for annotating novel vertebrate genomes
The dream-lag effect: Selective processing of personally significant events during rapid eye movement sleep, but not during slow wave sleep
No full textIncorporation of details from waking life events into Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep dreams has been found to be highest on the night after, and then 5–7 nights after events (termed, respectively, the day-residue and dream-lag effects). In experiment 1, 44 participants kept a daily log for 10 days, reporting major daily activities (MDAs), personally significant events (PSEs), and major concerns (MCs). Dream reports were collected from REM and Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) in the laboratory, or from REM sleep at home. The dream-lag effect was found for the incorporation of PSEs into REM dreams collected at home, but not for MDAs or MCs. No dream-lag effect was found for SWS dreams, or for REM dreams collected in the lab after SWS awakenings earlier in the night. In experiment 2, the 44 participants recorded reports of their spontaneously recalled home dreams over the 10 nights following the instrumental awakenings night, which thus acted as a controlled stimulus with two salience levels, high (sleep lab) and low (home awakenings). The dream-lag effect was found for the incorporation into home dreams of references to the experience of being in the sleep laboratory, but only for participants who had reported concerns beforehand about being in the sleep laboratory. The delayed incorporation of events from daily life into dreams has been proposed to reflect REM sleep-dependent memory consolidation. However, an alternative emotion processing or emotional impact of events account, distinct from memory consolidation, is supported by the finding that SWS dreams do not evidence the dream-lag effect
Maternal mental health: The missing "m" in the global maternal and child health agenda.
No full textWhile the physical health of women and children is emphasized, the mental aspects of their health are often ignored by maternal and child health programs, especially in low- and middle-income countries. We review the evidence of the magnitude, impact, and interventions for common maternal mental health problems with a focus on depression, the condition with the greatest public health impact. The mean prevalence of maternal depression ranges between 15.6% in the prenatal and 19.8% in the postnatal period. It is associated with preterm birth, low birth weight, and poor infant growth and cognitive development. There is emerging evidence for the effectiveness of interventions, especially those that can be delivered by non-specialists, including community health workers, in low-income settings. Strategies for integrating maternal mental health in the maternal and child health agenda are suggested
