Naresuan University Journal
Not a member yet
39887 research outputs found
Sort by
Worldwide trends in incidence in occupational allergy and asthma
No full textPURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recent improvements in the methods for analyzing trends in occupational health surveillance and the prospect of future improvements in the collecting and sharing of electronic data alongside increasing availability of linked datasets make this a good time to review the existing literature on trends in occupational allergy and asthma (OAA). RECENT FINDINGS: There is a notable lack of reports of recent trends in OAA in the academic literature and much of the published work comes from European countries. The incidence of OAA appears to be declining based on physician-reporting or recognized compensation claims for the countries with published data. However, we need to be cautious in interpreting this as a decline in the 'true' incidence of OAA. Few of the studies adjusted appropriately for changes in the population at risk and one of the most robust study designs showed no change in the incidence of allergic contact dermatitis in contrast to the other studies. SUMMARY: Many existing datasets have the potential to be used to examine trends, and studies from Canada show the potential of using linked databases for surveillance. We hope that this review will encourage improvements in the analysis, and more dissemination, of trends
Changes in metabolic parameters in patients with severe mental illness over a 10-year period:A retrospective cohort study
No full textBACKGROUND: Diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome are highly prevalent in patients with severe mental illness and can impose a major physical health burden.OBJECTIVE: To determine how anthropometric and metabolic features changed over time in a retrospective cohort of people with Severe Mental Illness living in Cheshire, UK.METHODS: In all, 1307 individuals on the severe mental illness Register were followed up between 2002 and 2012 in UK general practice. Subjects were identified through a pseudanonymised search of general practice registers.RESULTS: Baseline body mass index was 28.6 kg/m(2) increasing to 31.0 at 10-year follow-up (r(2) = 0.84; p = 0.0002). There was a significant increase in fasting blood glucose from 5.72 to 6.79 mmol/L (r(2) = 0.48; p = 0.026). Correspondingly, there was a strong positive univariate relation between increase in body mass index and fasting blood glucose (r(2) = 0.54; p < 0.0001) taking into account all measurements. Fasting blood glucose also increased slightly with age (p = 0.028). With increasing use of statins, total cholesterol fell from 4.5 to 3.9 mmol/L (r(2) = 0.88; p = 0.0001), as did low-density lipoprotein cholesterol from 3.43 to 2.35 mmol/L (r(2) = 0.94; p = 0.0001). In multivariate models, adjusting for age, gender, smoking and blood pressure, each unit increase in body mass index (odds ratio = 1.07 [1.01, 1.13]; p = 0.031) and triglycerides (odds ratio = 1.28 (1.06, 1.55); p = 0.009) was independently associated with an increased risk of having type 2 diabetes.CONCLUSION: Increasing body mass index relates to increasing rates of dysglycaemia over time. Measures to encourage weight reduction should be key strategies to reduce dysglycaemia rates in severe mental illness. Prescribing statins may have been effective in improving the lipid profile in this group.</p
Appraisals of internal states and their consequences: Relationship to adolescent analogue bipolar symptoms
No full textBackground: Extreme appraisals of internal states correlate with and prospectively predict mood symptoms in adults, and discriminate individuals with bipolar disorder from individuals with unipolar depression and non-clinical controls. Aims: These findings required replication in adolescents. This study sought to investigate the relationships between appraisals of internal states, mood symptoms and risk for bipolar disorder in an adolescent sample. Methods: A non-clinical sample (n = 98) of adolescents completed measures of mood symptoms, appraisals, and mania risk, alongside covariates. Results: Appraisals of internal states were associated with analogue bipolar symptoms, independently of impulsivity and responses to positive affect. Positive appraisals of activated mood states were uniquely associated with hypomania, whilst negative appraisals were uniquely associated with depression and irritability symptoms. Individuals who appraised activated states as both extremely positive and extremely negative were more likely to score at high or moderate risk for future mania. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate associations between appraisals of internal states, analogue mood symptoms and mania risk in adolescents. Clinical implications are discussed
Evidence for single top-quark production in the ss-channel in proton-proton collisions at s√=s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector using the Matrix Element Method
No full textThis Letter presents evidence for single top-quark production in the s-channel using proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The analysis is performed on events containing one isolated electron or muon, large missing transverse momentum and exactly two b-tagged jets in the final state. The analysed data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3fb−1. The signal is extracted using a maximum-likelihood fit of a discriminant which is based on the matrix element method and optimized in order to separate single-top-quark s-channel events from the main background contributions, which are top-quark pair production and W boson production in association with heavy-flavour jets. The measurement leads to an observed signal significance of 3.2 standard deviations and a measured cross-section of σs=4.8±0.8(stat.)−1.3+1.6(syst.) pb, which is consistent with the Standard Model expectation. The expected significance for the analysis is 3.9 standard deviations
Consumer responses to a future UK food system
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to describe research exploring consumer responses to potential changes in food-related practices to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Design/methodology/approach - Six focus groups explored consumer responses to measures intended to mitigate the emissions from, and adapt to the impacts of climate change. These included: meat reduction, greater reliance on seasonal British food, meal replacement tablets, laboratory grown meat, communal eating houses, genetically modified food and food waste. Practice theory provided the lens to interpret the changes to meanings, competences and materials associated with food consumption. Findings - Changes that could be assimilated within existing competencies were viewed more positively, with lack of competence a key barrier to accommodating change. At present, climate change and sustainability do not influence purchasing decisions. Policy measures delivering multiple benefits, of which environmental performance may be one, stand an improved chance of establishing more sustainable practices than those focusing exclusively on environmental drivers. Originality/value - Awareness of the role of sustainable food systems in the context of anthropogenic climate change is growing. Whilst scientific and technological research explores methods for reducing emissions and building resilience in food supply chains to changes in climate, there is comparatively little study of how consumers perceive these proposed solutions. This research provides a comprehensive overview of consumer responses to potential changes in eating practices related to climate change mitigation and adaptation and is of value to policy makers, academics and practitioners across the food supply chain
Compton scattering and nucleon polarisabilities in chiral EFT: The next steps
No full textWe review theoretical progress and prospects for determining the nucleon’s static dipole pollarisabilities from Compton scattering on few-nucleon targets, including new values; see Refs. [1-4] for details and a more thorough bibliograph
Parenting Interventions for Children with Tic Disorders:Professionals' Perspectives
No full textTic disorders can have an emotional and social impact on children and families, which can in turn have a reciprocal impact on tics. Research into parenting interventions within this population is limited. Twenty-five professionals' views on the acceptability, effectiveness, feasibility and utility of parenting interventions were explored using Q-methodology. Three highly correlated factors emerged, indicating three viewpoints with discrete elements that were underpinned by similar general perspectives. All factors endorsed a psychological approach, the importance of parenting practices, and theoretical and clinical justifications for parenting interventions. Discrete elements of the viewpoints debated the advocated focus, barriers and audience of interventions. Multidisciplinary professionals endorsed parenting interventions as a therapeutic tool within tic disorders. Results provide suggestions to further develop and implement interventions.</p
