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Discrete Choice Experiments in Developing Countries: Willingness to Pay Versus Willingness to Work
No full textReconceptualizing Citizen Media:A Preliminary Charting of a Complex Domain
No full textThis chapter draws on established scholarship in a variety of disciplines, the rich contributions to the current volume, and a wide range of concrete examples of different practices to chart the territory of citizen media as an emerging field of study and offer a critical examination of the main concepts that underpin it: public(s), citizen/citizenship and media. It further explores a range of features that characterize and delimit the concept of citizen media from related terms such as citizen and participatory journalism, alternative, radical and community media, and social and digital media. We conclude with a provisional definition of citizen media that encompasses content and practices, values and narratives, the collective and the individual, the local and the global, the concrete and the virtual, and that acknowledges the complex dynamic of appropriation and reverse appropriation within which all citizen media initiatives operate
An effective engineering computational procedure to analyse and design rotary regenerators using a porous media approach
No full textA numerical analysis of the fluid flow and heat transport phenomenon through a rotary thermal regenerator is presented using a porous media approach. An aluminium core formed of multi packed passages is simulated as a porous medium of orthotropic porosity in order to allow the counter-flowing streams to flow in a way similar to that inside the regenerator core. Based on empirical equations, geometric properties of the core were transformed into the conventional porous media parameters such as the permeability and inertial coefficient; so, the core has been dealt with as a porous medium of known features. Heat is only allowed to transport within the rotating core, where a local thermal non-equilibrium situation is assumed there between the fluid and solid phases. The use of porous media approach has been found to be sufficient to solve the current problem. The results are presented by means of overall regenerator effectiveness, pressure drop, and the overall system performance. The impact of different design aspects were investigated such as the core geometrical characteristics, core dimensions, and operating conditions. The data obtained reveal an obvious impact of the parameters inspected on both the heat restored and the pressure loss; and hence, the overall efficiency of the regenerator system. Although regenerator effectiveness can be improved considerably by manipulating the design factors, care must be taken to avoid unjustified expenses resulted from potential augmentation in pressure drop
A new method to distinguish hadronically decaying boosted ZZ bosons from WW bosons using the ATLAS detector
No full textThe distribution of particles inside hadronic jets produced in the decay of boosted W and Z bosons can be used to discriminate such jets from the continuum background. Given that a jet has been identified as likely resulting from the hadronic decay of a boosted W or Z boson, this paper presents a technique for further differentiating Z bosons from W bosons. The variables used are jet mass, jet charge, and a b-tagging discriminant. A likelihood tagger is constructed from these variables and tested in the simulation of W′→WZW′→WZ for bosons in the transverse momentum range 200 GeV <pT<<pT< 400 GeV in s√=8s=8 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. For Z-boson tagging efficiencies of ϵZ=90ϵZ=90 , 50, and 10%10% , one can achieve W+W+ -boson tagging rejection factors ( 1/ϵW+1/ϵW+ ) of 1.7, 8.3 and 1000, respectively. It is not possible to measure these efficiencies in the data due to the lack of a pure sample of high pTpT , hadronically decaying Z bosons. However, the modelling of the tagger inputs for boosted W bosons is studied in data using a tt¯tt¯ -enriched sample of events in 20.3 fb −1−1 of data at s√=8s=8 TeV. The inputs are well modelled within uncertainties, which builds confidence in the expected tagger performance
Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Transition Metal-Doped Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
No full textResearch into layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), most notably those of molybdenum and tungsten disulfides, has become extensive, involving fields as diverse as optoelectronics, spintronics, energy storage, lubrication, and catalysis. The modification of TMDCs by transition metal doping can improve their performance in such applications and hence extend their potential for technological applications. This review concerns the synthetic strategies that have been used to incorporate transition metals into TMDCs and the applications of the resultant materials and relevant computational studies on the predicted properties of the doped materials
Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of collaborative care for depression in UK primary care (CADET): a cluster randomised controlled trial
No full textI think we need to get a better generator": Household resilience to disruption to power supply during storm events
No full textPerformance of bb-Jet Identification in the ATLAS Experiment
No full textThe identification of jets containing b hadrons is important for the physics programme of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Several algorithms to identify jets containing b hadrons are described, ranging from those based on the reconstruction of an inclusive secondary vertex or the presence of tracks with large impact parameters to combined tagging algorithms making use of multi-variate discriminants. An independent b-tagging algorithm based on the reconstruction of muons inside jets as well as the b-tagging algorithm used in the online trigger are also presented. The b-jet tagging efficiency, the c-jet tagging efficiency and the mistag rate for light flavour jets in data have been measured with a number of complementary methods. The calibration results are presented as scale factors defined as the ratio of the efficiency (or mistag rate) in data to that in simulation. In the case of b jets, where more than one calibration method exists, the results from the various analyses have been combined taking into account the statistical correlation as well as the correlation of the sources of systematic uncertainty
Differentiated adipose-derived stem cells act synergistically with RGD-modified surfaces to improve neurite outgrowth in a co-culture model
No full textPeripheral nerve damage is a problem encountered after trauma and during surgery and the development of synthetic polymer conduits may offer a promising alternative to autografts. In order to improve the performance of the polymer to be used for nerve conduits, poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) films were chemically functionalized with RGD moieties, using a chemical reaction previously developed. In vitro cultures of dissociated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons provide a valid model to study different factors affecting axonal growth. In this work, DRG neurons were cultured on RGD-functionalized PCL films. Adult adipose-derived stem cells differentiated to Schwann cells (dASCs) were initially cultured on the functionalized PCL films, resulting in improved attachment and proliferation. dASCs were also co-cultured with DRG neurons on treated and untreated PCL to assess stimulation by dASCs on neurite outgrowth. Neuron response was generally poor on untreated PCL films, but long neurites were observed in the presence of dASCs or RGD moieties. A combination of the two factors enhanced even further neurite outgrowth, acting synergistically. Finally, in order to better understand the extracellular matrix (ECM)-cell interaction, a β1 integrin blocking experiment was carried out. Neurite outgrowth was not affected by the specific antibody blocking, showing that β1 integrin function can be compensated by other molecules present on the cell membrane. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
