Naresuan University Journal
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From Tagalog to English: Pupils’ Writing Proficiency Levels After Three Years in Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education
No full text The study aimed to investigate the impact of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) on students’ writing skills in their first language (L1), Tagalog, and explore whether their proficiency in L1 contributes to their second language (L2) writing. This study employed a conceptual framework based on language acquisition and bilingual education theories, implying that proficiency in the first language positively impacts second language writing abilities, while implementing MTB-MLE improves overall writing skills. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed, and data were gathered from 135 Filipino Grade 5 pupils who took Tagalog (L1) and English (L2) writing tests. The students came from nine small elementary schools in Paracale, Camarines Norte, Philippines and underwent the same MTB-MLE treatment from Grades 1 to 3. During the exams, they were given two writing tasks in Tagalog and English, with three question options to choose from. This allowed them to select a topic they were comfortable with, including personal experiences during the pandemic and questions from Grade 5 textbooks to ensure reliability. Participants expressed their opinions and discussed their responses within a 150-word limit. Their compositions were evaluated using modified Tagalog and English rubrics provided by DepEd, which employed a 4-point scale representing Beginning, Developing, Accomplished, and Exemplary proficiency levels. These rubrics assessed four key writing elements: content, organization, vocabulary, and conventions. The evaluators used these elements as criteria to evaluate the student’s work. The study’s findings showed that students performed better in their L1 than in their L2, indicating a significant discrepancy in writing proficiency levels between L1 and L2. The students’ L2 writing outputs were brief, disorganized, and filled with grammatical errors, while they also failed their Tagalog and English writing tests, implying that they could not apply the skills they acquired from MTB-MLE to improve their L1 and L2 writing outputs. The results of the study, however, have some limitations. The study cannot identify the factors that hinder students from improving their writing skills in both languages. Furthermore, given the prevalence of different regional languages, the study’s findings cannot be generalized to other parts of the country. Therefore, the researcher recommends further investigating the factors influencing pupils’ writing development in other regions with diverse L1 and L2 backgrounds.
Keywords: Writing Proficiency, First Language, Second Language, MTB-ML
Readiness of the Community and Customer Attitudes towards Making Packaging from Coconut Residue: A Case Study of The Kala Ake-Ban Krachom Thong Group
No full text Business and scientific knowledge were integrated with the experience of the community to add the value of coconut residue and reduce the waste problem. Discussions were conducted with the “Kala Ake-Ban Krachom Thong” group in Ban Phaeo district, Samut Sakorn province during the COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate the readiness of preparing packaging from coconut residue using an onsite questionnaire. The attitudes of customers toward coconut residue packaging were determined by informants in Bangkok using an online questionnaire. The statics data was computed, and the Likert scale was used to integrate the result. Results showed that 102 respondents had economic and health problems, with 44% agreeing to prepare packaging from local materials during the pandemic with x̄ = 4.26 score. The community then prepared the packaging from coconut residue. The attitudes of customers toward packaging were evaluated (n = 159) by the design, preparation, and pattern attitudes. The design was identified as a priority with x̄ = 4.47. The natural look of the product was attractive, and fewer amounts of chemicals were used for packaging preparation. Natural materials; corn starch (adhesive agent) and CMC (formation aid); were added to the coconut fiber residue. The obtained coconut pulp paper was characterized following the Thai Industrial Standard (TIS. No. 170) with properties equivalent to Kraft paper. The coconut paper was optimal for packaging. The packaging prototype was designed, and it was developed further.
Keywords: Community Development, Customer Attitude, Coconut Fiber, Packaging, Agriculture Wast
Heron Pool (The)
No full textOriginally composed by Richard Fay in 2009, and then recorded for the Helix album (2019), this (composition-as-output) work was also included on the Magu Hiraeth (2023) mid-length album
Effect of Different Organic Potting Media on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) under Greenhouse Condition
Full text link The type and composition of potting media are the most influencing factors affecting the growth, fruit quality and yield of strawberry plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various organic potting media compositions on the growth, yield and quality parameters of strawberries grown in a greenhouse. The experiment was laid out using randomized complete block design with five treatments consisting of three replications in each treatment. The treatments were compost mix, vermi-compost mix, leaf mold mix, biochar mix and the control (top soil and sand). The growth of the plants grown in different organic potting mixes was measured at 15 days, 30 days, 45 days, 60 days and 75 days after transplantation. Plants grown in leaf mold mix was found to perform well in growth compare to other treatments. Fruit yield parameters such as the number of fruits were highest with vermi-compost mix. The compost mixes also produced best fruit quality attributes like their total soluble solids with 10.84 OBrix. The control produced the lowest results for growth, yield and quality followed by biochar mix media. strawberry production in greenhouse compost mix media is found to have maximum overall effect among other treatments.
Keywords: Biochar, Compost, Leaf mold, Strawberry, Vermi-compost  
Root Surface Area of Permanent Mandibular Teeth in Patients with Anterior Open Bite Malocclusion: A CBCT Assessment
Full text link A previous study reported that the root surface areas (RSA) of the maxillary central and lateral incisors were substantially smaller in patients with anterior open bite malocclusion. However, the RSA of permanent mandibular teeth in patients with anterior open bite malocclusion has never been explored. The objective of this study was to investigate the RSA of permanent mandibular teeth in patients with anterior open bite malocclusion. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of permanent mandibular teeth were selected from sixteen patients with anterior open bite malocclusion and sixteen patients with an anterior normal overbite. Mimics research software was used to construct three-dimensional tooth models from the CBCT images. 3-Matic Research software was employed to calculate the RSA. An independent t-test (p < 0.05) was used to compare the RSA of each tooth type. From the permanent mandibular central incisor toward the permanent mandibular second premolar, the means of RSA were significantly lower in the anterior open bite group than in the anterior normal overbite group. Anterior open bite malocclusion may affect the RSA in all permanent mandibular teeth except in permanent mandibular molars.
Keywords: Root surface area, Anterior open bite, Cone-beam computed tomography, Occlusal hypofunction, Orthodontic treatmen
Comparing Efficiency between Dual and Single-Axis Vertical Turbine for Electrical Generating System
Full text link This article reports an efficient comparison between 500W dual and single vertical axis cross-flow turbine for electrical generating systems. The studied parameters were the influence of the distance between dual vertical axes, then, comparing the efficiency with the single cross-flow turbine. From the designation of the L/D ratio as equal to 1, the diameter and height of the dual-axis vertical turbine was 0.3 m while the single-axis vertical turbine was 0.6 m. A chain was used for power transmission with a gear ratio of 1:18 and an induction generator was used as the electrical generating system. The results were that a dual-axis vertical turbine with a 0.8 m water head and at various distances of 3, 6, 9 and 12 cm had an efficiency of 32.36, 28.06, 20.44, and 14.44%, respectively. However, the efficiency decreased with increasing distance between the axes which resulted in a loss of water energy flowing through the axes. The water energy loss was variously 74, 150, 243 and 364 W. In the case of the single-axis vertical turbine, the efficiency was 20.73% which was closes to the dual-axis vertical turbine at a distance of 9 cm. The economic viability of dual-axis vertical turbines is 6.5 years but is 14.77 years for single-axis vertical turbines.
Keywords: vertical turbine, cross-flow turbine, electrical generating syste
Applying Multiple Deprivation Index in Thailand: Concept and Measurement
No full text Many of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to achieve equity and inclusivity, regardless of gender, socioeconomic status, or living conditions, to improve people’s lives. In advanced economies, indices monitoring social equity, such as the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), are being developed. The index provides serial policy-oriented pictures through domains of income, employment, education, health, housing, and environment disparities. This article describes concepts underlying the developments of the index to monitor improvements of justice in society through the mentioned domains. The article further examines measurement methods, and feasibility of data sources for calculating or updating the index for future use. The current study suggests that IMD in Thailand could be compiled at the district level, covering a larger area than was originally developed. Importantly, other data sectors allow for the future development of smaller area interventions.
Keywords: Index of Multiple Deprivation, Thailand, Concept, Measurement, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs
Mobile application for automatic bacterial density estimation
No full text The traditional method for calculating the concentration of viable bacteria in a pure source is to use serial dilutions. This conventional method takes more than 72 hr and involves a series of complex steps that must be done by a microbiologist, including culturing the colonies. In contrast, this study utilizes a combination of image processing and machine learning developed into a mobile application that can estimate the concentration of viable bacteria by simply taking a picture, substantially reducing the time required. To create this new estimation model, a series of image processing techniques optimize and standardize a dataset of photographed test tubes containing pure bacterial suspension, culminating in the delimiting of the Turbidity Testing Zone (TTZ), which is uniform across all the test tube photos. Bacterial concentration is correlated with suspension turbidity, so statistical data from the pixels within the TTZ is analyzed using four machine learning algorithms to find the optimal estimating model. The finished model becomes the foundation of the Viable Bacteria Image Estimating System (VBIES) android application, which enables any user to easily and conveniently determine the concentration of viable bacteria in a test tube with an accuracy of 97.57%. In contrast to the several days required by the traditional methods, the VBIES application estimates the concentration of viable bacteria in only 3-5 seconds.
Keywords: estimating bacterial concentration, image processing, machine learning, mobile application, decision tree learnin
