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Nutritional Considerations in COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textIn December 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-Cov2) emerged in Wuhan, China, which is followed by the global pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). So far, COVID-19 is affecting the health and lives of millions of people and impacting the economy dramatically in more than 180 countries worldwide. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, potential medical treatments and vaccines have been developed and tested by biotech and pharmaceutical companies. Nutrition is critical for the prevention and recovery of diseases. Multiple nutrients have been considered as potential means to help in the combat against COVID-19. In addition, nutritional considerations are also important for people to maintain health when their daily dietary behaviors and physical activities are altered by COVID-19. Here, we tried to summarize potential medical treatments, vaccines, and important nutrients affecting outcomes of COVID-19 patients. In addition, we discussed the influences of dietary supplements and lifestyles for healthy and sensitive populations during the pandemic
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Health of Healthcare Workers in India: A Questionnaire Based Study
No full textIntroduction: Healthcare workers across the globe are working tirelessly to keep the severity under control. The long working hours wearing PPE, the self-quarantine periods, staying away from family, and various other factors does influence the mental wellbeing of an individual. In a country like India, mental health is still a poorly recognised issue even among healthcare professionals. Objectives: To assess the stress, anxiety and depression among healthcare professionals at the time of Coronavirus pandemic and estimating the same in Anaesthesiology Cohort.Material & Methods: The study was conducted using a self-reporting questionnaire. The questionnaire was made using Google forms and the link for participation was sent using various digital mediums e.g., email, WhatsApp, Facebook. The questionnaire was sent to a total of 886 doctors and there was a total of 256 responses were received. The questionnaire was submitted anonymously and no personal data was collected. The respondents were allowed to submit only once to prevent duplicity of responses. We used the DASS 21 scale as the assessment tool. Data was collected using google forms and the collected data were transferred to a Microsoft Excel sheet for analysis.Results: Our study on 256 doctors 40.75% of doctors were found to be suffering from Depression, 38.29% from anxiety & 32.4% from stress in the current pandemic situation. Anaesthesiologists were found to have 30.29% depression; Anxiety was found among 42.56% and stress was found among 37.24%.Conclusion: Stressors, like grueling shifts, risk of infections, non-availability of protective kits, health risk to family and friends, etc, are many and respite seems to be far. We need to address and acknowledge the mental health of healthcare workers and people working in critical care consideration and find solutions to the underlying causes so that the current and future of healthcare can be saved from mental health crises
The Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: The Effects of Social Distancing and Partial Health Confinement on the Psychological State of Parkinson's Disease Patients
No full textBackground: The novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV caused by SARS-CoV-2, has caused global, large and major public health issues. During the pandemic, different public health strategies were implemented in order to reduce the spread of this virus. These strategies consisted on increasing the frequency of hand-washing, using personal protection equipment, social distancing and restricting movements cities along with sealing national borders. During this crisis, Health Systems undergo important pressure and remarkable efforts were implemented to provide an efficacious reaction to this emergency. However, the actual global policy of diverting the attention exclusively to the COVID-19 pandemic and overshadowing other clinical conditions may have substantial negative implications. There are particular concerns around the increased vulnerability of patients living with a chronic disease, and this also includes neurological conditions like Parkinson’s disease (PD). Aims: This review discusses the different outcomes of social distancing on PD patients and summarizes the circuitry of social behaviour in the context of PD. We consider the possible psychological and behavioral outcomes of quarantine and social isolation as part of national policies to limit the spread of the virus. Conclusion: In total, this evidence suggests that the drastic COVID19 pandemic measures could result in affective, cognitive and psychological alterations in these patients. Given this we suggest that patients with PD should be accompanied by their caregivers and encouraged to interact virtually with other family members and friends using different communication technologies. We also recommend healthcare providers to adopt telemedicine for outpatients visits and display educational programs for the patients
The Development of School Oral Health Programs in Qatar
No full textBackground: The existence of a single school oral health program specifically targeting only 6 and 9 years old, for over 25 years was inadequate to address the oral health problems among the steadily increasing proportion of school children in Qatar. Paucity of remodeling the program to match the growing needs of children in Qatar had resulted in an increased prevalence of dental caries among schoolchildren.Aims: This paper's primary goal is to present the history of the school oral health program in the State of Qatar. Another overarching goal of this article is to present the development and implementation of a new Asnani (My Teeth) school-based program, which was designed to reach Kindergarten and public primary schools, to reduce the high prevalence of dental caries among school children, and a proposal for National School Oral Health Program plan, that will bring together public and private schools under one umbrella.Recommendation: With the increasing number of KGs and primary school children experiencing dental caries, a new, integrated, and comprehensive school oral health program should be adopted. The program should assist in reducing dental caries rates among school children in Qatar. Since the treatment of oral diseases is costly, Qatar should focus on oral health promotion and preventive measures that will reduce the need for curative procedures and minimize the financial expenses on dental treatment. In addition, it is necessary to have a department for the National School Oral Health Program to continually monitor public and private schools under one umbrella to reach the ultimate goal of reducing dental caries among school children
Facial Erysipelas: A Case Report
No full textErysipelas is a superficial cutaneous process that is usually restricted to the dermis, but with prominent lymphatic involvement commonly caused by streptococci. We present a patient who was admitted for swelling and erythema of his left cheek. We diagnosed facial erysipelas, the curative treatment was based on the prescription of effective antibiotic therapy against streptococci and bacteria producing β-lactamase (staphylococci). Removal of the remaining teeth was scheduled during medical treatment. At a 4-month follow-up after dental removal, there has been no recurrence of erysipelas.Through a clinical case of facial erysipelas, this work allows illustrating the specificities of this pathology
Radiographic Assessment of the Quality of Post & Core Restorations Performed by Dental Students at Qassim University Dental Clinics
No full textIntroduction: A post usually made of prefabricated or custom made that is fitted into a prepared root canal of a natural tooth. The core is the foundation restoration which restores adequate coronal anatomy of a vital or endodontically treated tooth. When the post is combined with a core, it provides retention and resistance for an artificial crown. The primary purpose of the post is to retain a core restoration and crown and also to redistribute the stresses onto the root, thereby diminishes the risk of coronal fracture. The post does not have any role in reinforcing or supporting the tooth. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of the post and core restorations with postoperative periapical digital radiographs performed by undergraduate students at the College of Dentistry, Qassim University.Materials and methods: A total of 421 periapical digital radiographs were assessed. The assessment includes the type of tooth, type of arch, type of post, length of the post, the presence of any abnormality in post space, the status of the remaining gutta-percha (GP), and if there are any spaces between the end of the post and GP. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program (version 23).Results: Maxillary teeth were the most frequently restored teeth with post (67.2%) and the majority of the cases were comprised of premolars (57.2%). Similarly, glass fiber posts (89.1%) with taper shapes were the most widely used post. The majority of the post featured a width of one-third of the root (81%). Length of the post with crown: post ratio of 1:3 was observed as the most frequently used (60.8%), whereas those of post length with crown: post ratio of 1:2 (25.4 %) and 1:1 post length was least frequently used (13.8%). 28% of cases were presented with 3 to 5 mm of GP at their apical portion and 61.5% cases reached more than 5 mm. Approximately 5 to 8% of assessed cases revealed the widening of the periodontal ligaments.Conclusion: The performance of students was assessed by the quality of different types of post and core restorations with the postoperative periapical digital radiographs. The qualities of assessed post and core restorations prepared by the dental students were clinically acceptable
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dentists in Casablanca’s Dental Center
No full textIntroduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the most common occupational pathologies among dentists around the world but studies are quite limited. The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of MSDs among dentists in Casablanca, Morocco.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted among the medical staff (120 dentists) of Casablanca's Dental Center, part of the Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Morocco, over a period of 3 weeks from July 24, 2017, to August 11, 2017. The study was based on a self-administrated questionnaire which comprises two parts: the first part included physical characteristics, academic life, clinical practice, ergonomics, and work methods; and the second part consists of the “Standardized Nordic Questionnaire” (SNQ) or Nordic style questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in our sample was 71.67%, predominately affecting the neck, the upper, and the lower back.Conclusion: Prevalence of MSDs was high among Moroccan dentists and the prevention of these disorders requires the adoption of a correct posture, good working habits, and ergonomic organization of the workspace, as well as the integration of regular physical activities in order for the dentist to maintain a good quality of life
The Diversity Site Assessment Tool (DSAT), Reliability and Validity of the Industry Gold Standard for Establishing Investigator Site Ranking
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and construct validity of the Diversity Site Assessment Tool (DSAT), a self-assessment instrument designed to self-report the extent to which best practices related to recruitment of diverse patient populations during clinical trials are used.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. The convenience sample consisted of site representatives who are members of the Society for Clinical Research Sites and network site representatives that were approached via social media sites such as LinkedIn. A link to the survey was shared with approximately 17,000 aforementioned site representatives over a period of three months. The survey consisted of one section each for the indicators of best practice for the recruitment of diverse patient populations during clinical trials: 1) Site Overview (10 items), 2) Site Recruitment and Outreach (9 items) and 3) Patient Focused Services (6 items). These three indicators and the total of 25 items make up the DSAT. Each of the total 25 items on DSAT required participants to self-report on a 6-point scale. The fourth section collected background information about the participant and their site. After the survey was closed, two types of summative scores were compiled, one for each of the indicators and an overall summative DSAT score (range from 25-150). Higher summative scores on each indicator and the overall DSAT are reflective of increased use of best practices for the recruitment of diverse patient population during clinical trials. Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) and construct validity for the entire sample were evaluated and are reported. Bivariate and multivariate statistics were conducted to examine the relationship between site characteristics and their summative indicator and DSAT overall scores.
Results: The instrument was deemed to have exceptional reliability. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency reliability for the entire sample was 0.929. Construct validity established using the exploratory factor analysis indicated a three component solution accounting for 49% of the explained variance. There was no statistically relationship between site characteristics and their summative indicator and DSAT overall scores.
Conclusion: The DSAT has exceptional reliability and good construct validity. When paired with the findings that site characteristics have no statistical relationship with the DSAT indicators and overall summative scores, it is contended that this instrument could be used by different site backgrounds as a self-assessment measure to evaluate the extent of the use of best practices related to recruitment of diverse patient populations during clinical trials. The rigorous development of the instrument and exceptional statistical results make the tool easily the highest standard of measurement available related to this construct
Is Hip Spica an Obsolete Method for Paediatric Femur Fractures ? - A Retrospective Analysis of 58 Patients
No full textBackground- Diaphyseal femur fracture in paediatric age group are common in orthopaedics with treatment options varying from conservative methods such as hip spica to operative measures such as nailing/plating. We analyzed results of patients treated conservatively in a hip spica cast. Material and Methods- 58 patients, upto 5 years of age, with shaft femur fracture managed by hip spica cast were retrospectively analysed in terms of healing clinically and radiologically and complications noted, if any. Results- Fracture healed satisfactorily in all patients. Mean age of patients affected was 3.8 years. Males were more affected and road side accident was most common etiology. Mean hospital stay was 3.4 days. Most common complication was skin breakage (27.58%) followed by cast soiling or breakage (13.79%) while shortening was seen in 3 patients (5.1%) and angulation in 2 patients (3.44%). Conclusion- Despite newer and safer implants, hip spica remains safe and cost effective method for treatment of femur fracture in children
Will COVID-19 Drive Innovation Within Medical Education and Residency Training?
No full textCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by The World Health Organization (WHO). Thus, on March 22 the Moroccan government adopted the texts relating to the implementation of the state of health emergency including quarantine and physical distancing. Subsequently, students, residents, and faculty should adapt to this unpredictable situation. Our medicine faculty had quickly transitioned the entire medical education program to online formats to prevent delays in educational progress. As professors, we have the mission of maintaining high-quality resident education. Technology gave us the possibility to ensure correct medical education. Professors of our faculty are sharing their practices with their peers to satisfy graduation requirements on time and achieve quality online learning