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Why Are Female Teen Users of Social Media Cyberbullied More Compared to Different Age and Gender Groups?
Get PDFMy research will focus on the question, why female teen users of social media, such as Instagram, are cyberbullied more compared to other users from different age and or gender groups. I am conducting this research in order to spread awareness of the negative effects of cyberbullying and to encourage in having more empathy towards others when online. Hopefully by approaching and utilizing social media in a way that is more compassionate towards others, there will be less victims and lives lost due to cyberbullying. This research will provide a brief summary of the origins of cyberbullying and how it became so prevalent today. It will also explore the different forms/types of cyberbullying, such as doxing, harassing comments, and sexting, as well as which types of cyberbullying female teens experience the most frequently. I will also include a case study of an actual female teen victim of cyberbullying to strengthen my argument. Using methods outlined in the Information Literacy portion of the FFC program, I will be researching this topic using a variety of strategies. My research will involve the use of academic articles, books, as well as personal experiences to support my argument. I expect to find that the reason female teens are more likely to be harassed on social media to be linked to the sexist origins and structures of social media, as well as the influence of traditional gender roles in society. I expect that this research will show the extent and severity cyberbullying can have on teen women. I hope that through my research and by bringing awareness to this issue, I might also be able to propose some ways to counteract the negative effects of cyberbullying
Was It Good? A Look at the Golden-Ticket Question of Societal Preferences in Theatre
Get PDFWhat makes theatre “good?” There are some common answers that critics and the public agree upon, but the guidelines of good theatre have changed greatly throughout history. Many playwrights and critics have created philosophies that attempted to define popular theatre in their time or according to their personal views. Today’s opinion on “good” has its own set of characteristics that the majority of society enjoys, which is unique from any historical manifesto. Furthermore, our modern consensus doesn’t take into account the wildly different nature of individual preferences; while I enjoy light-hearted coming-of-age stories, others find deeper satisfaction from a thought-provoking drama. With so many different opinions and philosophies, how do we even begin to find a right answer? In my paper, I will explore how our definition of “good” theatre has changed using theatrical manifestos from modern history (the 1700s to today) and their historical context. I will also explore society’s definition of “good” today, and how that relates to previous philosophies. Finally, I will analyze the question of why individuals have different tastes in art through the lens of structuralism and semiotics. I will further explore our unique tastes by breaking down findings from audience surveys for Chapman University’s productions of The Rover and Everybody. Through this project, I will demonstrate that while there are several useful definitions of “good,” there is no one right answer due to vast differences among individuals. Ultimately, I hope to learn why we like what we like in order to define my own unique taste on what makes good theatre
The Dual Timescales of Gait Adaptation: Initial Stability Adjustments Followed by Subsequent Energetic Cost Adjustments
Get PDFGait adaptation during bipedal walking allows people to adjust their walking patterns to maintain balance, avoid obstacles and avoid injury. Adaptation involves complex processes that function to maintain stability and reduce energy expenditure. However, the processes that influence walking patterns during different points in the adaptation period remain to be investigated. We assessed split-belt adaptation in 17 young adults aged 19–35. We also assessed individual aerobic capacity to understand how aerobic capacity influences adaptation. We analyzed step lengths, step length asymmetry (SLA), mediolateral margins of stability, positive, negative and net mechanical work rates, as well as metabolic rate during adaptation. Dual-rate exponential mixed-effects regressions estimated the adaptation of each measure over two timescales; results indicate that mediolateral stability adapts over a single timescale in under 1 min, whereas mechanical work rates, metabolic rate, step lengths and SLA adapt over two distinct timescales (3.5–11.2 min). We then regressed mediolateral margins of stability, net mechanical work rate and metabolic rate on SLA during early and late adaptation phases to determine whether stability drives early adaptation and energetic cost drives late adaptation. Stability predicted SLA during the initial rapid onset of adaptation, and mechanical work rate predicted SLA during the latter part of adaptation. Findings suggest that stability optimization may contribute to early gait changes and that mechanical work contributes to later changes during adaptation. A final sub-analysis showed that aerobic capacity levels \u3c36 and \u3e43 ml kg−1 min−1 resulted in greater SLA adaptation, underscoring the metabolic influences on gait adaptation. This study illuminates the complex interplay between biomechanical and metabolic factors in gait adaptation, shedding light on fundamental mechanisms underlying human locomotion
Separating a Particle\u27s Mass from its Momentum
Get PDFThe Quantum Cheshire Cat experiment showed that when weak measurements are performed on pre- and post-selected system, the counterintuitive result has been obtained that a neutron is measured to be in one place without its spin, and its spin is measured to be in another place without the neutron. A generalization of this effect is presented with a massive particle whose mass is measured to be in one place with no momentum, while the momentum is measured to be in another place without the mass. The new result applies to any massive particle, independent of its spin or charge. A gedanken experiment which illustrates this effect is presented using a nested pair of Mach-Zehnder interferometers, but with some of the mirrors and beam splitters moving relative to the laboratory frame. The titular interpretation of this experiment is extremely controversial, and rests on several assumptions, which are discussed in detail. An alternative interpretation using the counterparticle model of Aharonov et al. is also discussed
Statistical Analysis for Pre- and Post- Assessments of SDQ and IDELA Scores
Get PDFThis research aimed to assess the potential of Mazi Umntanakho ( Know Your Child ) in tracking developmental milestones in young children. Mazi is a WhatsApp-based conversational agent that assists South African home visitors in evaluating and monitoring children\u27s socio-emotional skills using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the International Development and Early Learning Assessment (IDELA). A field study was conducted in low-income South African communities, where 95 home visitors assessed 1,208 children. This detailed analysis of the data was collected during that deployment, focusing on investigating whether assessment scores improved over time and whether the length of time between assessments impacted results.
To accomplish the aim, we followed a quantitative data analysis. Given that the data was collected in real conditions in a field study, we conducted an extensive data cleaning to filter out irrelevant or inconsistent entries, ensuring only significant and accurate data contributed to the results. From these refined datasets, we conducted an exploratory analysis and developed different data visualizations to illustrate score changes across various organizations and time intervals. From the datasets, we used a paired t-test, the analysis identified trends in score changes over a minimum number of days: \u3e30, 60, 90, and 120 days. Results show no statistically significant difference overall, although scores tended to increase in follow-up assessments conducted after \u3e90 days for SDQ and \u3e60 days for IDELA.
Although there were non-statistical differences, our findings show that home visitors were able to use the Mazi app and collect relevant information from the children. More analysis will incorporate additional visualizations and cluster analyses to refine understanding of these assessments\u27 effectiveness in varied settings.
Acknowledgments:
This study acknowledges the valuable contributions of Catherine E. Draper, Armando Beltran, and Gillian R. Hayes
A New Proof of an Inequality of Bourgain
Get PDFThe purpose of this short note is to demonstrate how some techniques from additive combinatorics recently developed by Peluse and Peluse-Prendiville can be applied to give an alternative proof for a trilinear smoothing inequality originally due to Bourgain
Bottom-up Global Change: Stealth Action in a Decentralized World
Get PDFThe climate justice and disability rights movements reflect a paradigm shift from a top-down approach to policy-making to one that emphasizes local efforts by non-state actors
Partisan Perspectives on Trust & Corruption in America
Get PDFFacing accusations of bribery, abuse of power, and the unethical exchange of political favors for financial gain, Robert Menendez has been urged to resign as a senator. This case has been highlighted through many outlets, yet his case is only one of many instances of political corruption in recent years. This recurring pattern is leaving Americans to have less and less faith in political actors to uphold moral behavior in their position of power.
In this paper, I examine the contrasting perceptions of political influence held by Republicans and Democrats regarding various agents of the political system, including state and federal politicians, labor unions, social justice organizations, national news media, and even the influence of celebrities. I will do so by referencing the Chapman Survey of American Fears, a representative national sample of U.S. adults, to find a strong stance that Republicans predominantly perceive these groups as self-serving, asserting that they utilize their political influence primarily for personal gain rather than for the benefit of America as a whole.
Meanwhile, data shows Democrats exhibit a more idealistic perspective, believing that these influencing powers balance their self-interest with the benefit of all Americans. The results indicate a significant statistical difference in perceptions across partisanships, highlighting an ideological divide that highlights the relationship between political affiliation and belief in corruption. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on political polarization and the increasing distrust of the American government and actors that influence public policy
Unpacking Bias, Accountability, and Ethical Practices in AI
Get PDFThis study is based on understanding how text-to-image generative AI platforms perpetuate biases such as racism and sexism and decoding how this bias is programmed within large language models and datasets. In this study, the results of generative AI are analyzed through the lens of affect and affect theory, as they are applied to investigate the machine learning and computer theory behind generative AI algorithms. The purpose of the study is to explain why generative AI is biased and whether this bias is generated due to current trends or to deficits and biases within the database that it draws information from. By understanding how generative AI is coded, we seek to understand whether and how generative AI is able to predict trends, even outpacing human prediction. These conversations are all correlated to the ethical implications of generative AI, and whether as we move forward with the expansion of text-to-image AI platforms, there should be mechanisms of accountability imposed for ensuring that these platforms operate in ethical and responsible ways. This research also examines whether use of AI can also further perpetuate stigmas against race and gender by either further encouraging it by its use or rather that AI is being fed such stigmas by analyzing the current trends of the social and political climate of the world. The goal of this study, however, is to understand the origins and mechanisms of bias within generative AI, particularly with regard to tropes of sexism and racism, and to create a proposal for best practices which would help encourage and implement guidelines to create more ethical and conscientious use and application of generative AI platforms