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Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Under Siege Worldwide: Moving Beyond Limiting Notions of Gender and Sexuality in Education Organizations and Leadership
No full textAs 2025 gets underway in the United States, educators across this country, like in many others, are bracing for unprecedented opposition to their diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs and policies. Newly elected President Trump is rapidly dismantling many federal agencies, cutting off aid to foreign entities, and causing major apprehension across the globe. His stated agenda to eradicate progressivism echoes many other international ultraconservative and far-right movements, who applaud his authoritarian regime. To mount the best possible resistance to these disturbing developments, and, indeed, to expand and strengthen DEI work, this chapter argues for collective action across all the education sectors and in coalition with all identity groups. Within the larger context of commitment to social justice, this chapter focuses on gender and the intersections of gender with sexuality. It is a call for leaders and policymakers in education to reconceive policy and practice to better understand how gender and the intersection of gender with other marginalizing factors positions individuals in our organizations. The principles of social justice expressed in terms of diversity, equity, and inclusion, however inadequately they have been put into practice in the past, have given us some conceptual tools for finding common ground and coming to a more insightful sense of being in relation with others in our organizations. We need to revisit these principles. I argue that we need more complex, nuanced understanding of how we must practice them. To counter this offensive, I believe we must come together in a full celebration of our shared humanity.https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/education_books/1164/thumbnail.jp
Bridging the Gap between Humean and Anti-Humean Approaches to Lawhood
No full textA review of Barry Loewer\u27s Laws of Nature and Chances: What Breathes Fire into the Equations
Ensemble-Based Binding Free Energy Profiling and Network Analysis of the KRAS Interactions with DARPin Proteins Targeting Distinct Binding Sites: Revealing Molecular Determinants and Universal Architecture of Regulatory Hotspots and Allosteric Binding
Get PDFKRAS is a pivotal oncoprotein that regulates cell proliferation and survival through interactions with downstream effectors such as RAF1. Despite significant advances in understanding KRAS biology, the structural and dynamic mechanisms of KRAS allostery remain poorly understood. In this study, we employ microsecond molecular dynamics simulations, mutational scanning, and binding free energy calculations together with dynamic network modeling to dissect how engineered DARPin proteins K27, K55, K13, and K19 engage KRAS through diverse molecular mechanisms ranging from effector mimicry to conformational restriction and allosteric modulation. Mutational scanning across all four DARPin systems identifies a core set of evolutionarily constrained residues that function as universal hotspots in KRAS recognition. KRAS residues I36, Y40, M67, and H95 consistently emerge as critical contributors to binding stability. Binding free energy computations show that, despite similar binding modes, K27 relies heavily on electrostatic contributions from major binding hotspots while K55 exploits a dense hydrophobic cluster enhancing its effector-mimetic signature. The allosteric binders K13 and K19, by contrast, stabilize a KRAS-specific pocket in the α3–loop–α4 motif, introducing new hinges and bottlenecks that rewire the communication architecture of KRAS without full immobilization. Network-based analysis reveals a strikingly consistent theme: despite their distinct mechanisms of recognition, all systems engage a unifying allosteric architecture that spans multiple functional motifs. This architecture is not only preserved across complexes but also mirrors the intrinsic communication framework of KRAS itself, where specific residues function as central hubs transmitting conformational changes across the protein. By integrating dynamic profiling, energetic mapping, and network modeling, our study provides a multi-scale mechanistic roadmap for targeting KRAS, revealing how engineered proteins can exploit both conserved motifs and isoform-specific features to enable precision modulation of KRAS signaling in oncogenic contexts
ジェンダーを訳す：東村アキコの「海月姫」の英語版と役割語
Get PDFRole language, a term coined for the different kinds of speech employed by fictional characters according to their archetypes, is notoriously difficult to translate from Japanese into English. There is no direct way to express in English the sentence-ending particles, variations in verb conjugation, and differing first-person pronouns associated with role language, but translators can often work around these issues through effective word choice. In manga, translators are further helped by the aid of the medium’s visuals, which can contribute to the reader’s understanding of a character’s archetype. However, what happens when a character’s role language does not match up with their visual appearance? This paper studies the manga “Princess Jellyfish” and one of its main characters, Koibuchi Kuranosuke, a crossdressing man who switches between two types of role language - Male Language and Burikko, a subcategory of Female Language. Just as Kuranosuke flits between a feminine and masculine gender performance, he utilizes both of these kinds of role language, often in ways that don’t correspond with his visual performance. I analyze how translators are able to capture this dissonance in performance in a language, like English, that cannot directly reconstruct the linguistic aspects of role language, highlighting the difficulties in translating first-person pronouns and queer subtext while underlying the importance of creativity in the translation field
At the Crossroads of Civil War
No full textThe Battle of Antietam, often overlooked among the defining events of the American Civil War, perfectly encapsulates the complexities of the conflict and the myriad factors that must be considered to fully understand it. These intertwining factors can be found preceding and following Antietam in more vivid terms than any other event in the Civil War. While the confrontation at Antietam was the culmination of repeated Union failures while campaigning in Virginia, its importance derived from the diplomatic tightrope walked by the Lincoln Administration attempting to ward off Anglo-French intervention in the conflict. Struggling to maintain war support from the Northern public, leadership in the North was reluctant to embrace the abolition of slavery as the Union cause. Abolitionist sentiment was far from universal in the North, and the adoption of emancipation as a war aim threatened to hemorrhage valuable political capital needed to maintain the Union war effort. Yet in the battle over Confederate recognition, an antislavery cause was the one remaining card the Union could play to avoid increasingly probable European intervention. Recognizing this, Lincoln sought a high-profile Union victory that could give him the political capital needed to proclaim the crusade to end slavery in the United States.
Though far from the decisive victory Lincoln sought, Antietam represented a critical turning point in the war as it eliminated any prospect of European intervention. Factoring in the Union’s multitude of advantages in manpower, material, industrial capacity, and infrastructure, free of outside intervention, the North was well positioned to win a war of attrition against the South. While many other events in the Civil War demonstrate the various strands that weave together and comprise the American Civil War, no other moment encapsulates and depicts each of these strands so clearly as at Antietam
“RJ is About Learning How to be Together”: A Qualitative Study of School-Based Restorative Justice and Pandemic Recovery
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted educational landscapes by disrupting instructional modalities, widening equity gaps, and accelerating the mental health needs of students and educators. This qualitative study explores the perspectives of school-based restorative justice (RJ) practitioners as they navigated challenges and opportunities during the pandemic and reflected on its potential role in recovery efforts. Through a participatory action research (PAR) process, survey data were collected from RJ practitioners and leaders across diverse educational settings to examine (1) the impact of the pandemic on RJ implementation, (2) the priorities of educators in pandemic recovery, and (3) the role RJ can play in school recovery efforts
Gait Adaptations Under Cognitive and Motor Dual-Task Conditions
Get PDFModern walking often involves secondary tasks that may increase fall risk, especially in older adults. About one-third of adults aged 65+ fall annually, with dual-tasking further elevating this risk. This study examines how cognitive and motor dual-tasks affect gait variability. Ten healthy young adults completed baseline and three dual-task conditions: (1) walking with a Stroop test, (2) walking while carrying a tray with water, and (3) both tasks combined. Gait parameters—including step length, step width, stride length, and double support time—were analyzed. Significant alterations were observed with P-values of 0.0019 (right step length), 0.004 (step width), 0.0007 (stride length), and 0.0477 (double support time), indicating increased gait variability. These results suggest dual-tasking disrupts gait stability and highlight the clinical value of dual-task training for improving motor-cognitive integration and reducing fall risk
Comparative Impacts of Irradiation on Antioxidant Compounds of Scalded and Non-scalded Skin of Granny Smith Apples
No full textPost-harvest Superficial scald affects the quality of Granny Smith Apples. Oxidative stress develops superficial scald with antioxidant systems mitigating the extent of this damage. This study evaluated the effects of gamma, X-ray, and electron beam irradiation on antioxidants – ascorbic acid, total phenolics, α-tocopherol, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and campesterol – in scalded and non-scalded apple peel tissue. Apples were treated with 0.2-0.77 kGy and stored at 0-1 °C. Irradiation at the applied doses increased scald incidence, suggesting that disruption of antioxidant systems promoted reactive oxygen species accumulation and membrane damage. While certain antioxidants appeared to be upregulated as a stress response, others were depleted. Irradiation significantly reduced ascorbic acid up to 45.7% and campesterol up to 81.6% in a dose-dependent manner, while α-tocopherol increased in electron beam treated apples up to 35.7%. Phenolic content was unaffected by irradiation but was 43.9% lower in scalded compared to non-scalded electron beam-treated apples. Chlorophyll and carotenoids were largely unchanged by either irradiation or scald. These results indicate that irradiation-induced oxidative imbalance may contribute to scald development. New insights into the relationship between irradiation-induced oxidative stress and superficial scald in apples could inform future postharvest handling strategies for maintaining fruit quality during storage
Performance Mapping and Weighting for the Evapotranspiration Models of the OpenET Ensemble
Get PDFEvapotranspiration (ET) accounts for the majority of water available from precipitation in the terrestrial water cycle, and improvements to the accuracy, resolution, and coverage of ET data can enhance hydrologic models and assessments. The OpenET collaboration of six remotely sensed ET modeling teams has demonstrated that an ensemble approach to ET estimation generally provides improved accuracy relative to individual ensemble members. The performance of individual models has been shown to vary by land cover type and climate zone, but a thorough study of the variables that influence model performance differences has not yet been conducted. In this paper, we model the performance of OpenET models relative to flux tower data as a function of variables such as land cover type and precipitation. These performance models are used to map estimated OpenET model performance across the conterminous United States. We develop relative weights based on these modeled performance metrics and show that a performance-weighted ensemble improves accuracy relative to the current OpenET ensemble method to varying degrees. The monthly mean absolute error of the weighted ensemble is reduced relative to the current method by 8% in agricultural settings, by 23% in shrublands and mixed forests, and by 5% in grasslands and evergreen forests. We produce weight maps that can be used to generate performance-weighted ensemble values for OpenET data. The results can be used to inform model selection and provide insight about the controls on model performance that could lead to model refinement
Tackling Data Quality Challenges in Remote Sensing: Solutions for Reliable Urban Heat Island Analysis
Get PDFUrban heat islands (UHIs) pose critical challenges to public health, energy demand, and environmental sustainability, particularly in rapidly expanding urban regions. This study examines the complex relationship between building configurations and integrated green spaces, as well as their combined impact on thermal regulation. It focuses on addressing data quality issues commonly encountered in remote sensing applications. Using high-resolution multispectral and thermal imagery, we developed an integrated modeling approach that captures the collective influence of built form and green infrastructure on urban microclimates. A key finding is the significant linear inverse relationship between green space coverage and land surface temperature, underscoring the cooling potential of strategically planned green zones. However, achieving robust insights required addressing several data quality challenges, including image misalignment, atmospheric distortions, variable spatial resolutions, and annotation inconsistencies, which can compromise model performance. We applied preprocessing methods, including geometric correction, atmospheric calibration, and multisource data fusion, alongside rigorous ground truthing using in situ temperature measurements. We also implemented data augmentation and label refinement strategies to enhance the training of deep learning models for thermal pattern prediction. This study demonstrates that, when properly corrected, urban microclimate models can accurately capture temperature variations of up to 3.5 °C across similar urban settings, providing actionable insights for thermal comfort planning. This study highlights the critical role of high-quality preprocessed remote sensing data in enabling reliable analysis and offers a framework for integrating urban design and green infrastructure to mitigate UHI effects. These findings have implications for scalable urban cooling strategies and climate-resilient city planning