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Classification of Colorectal Cancer Using ResNet and EfficientNet Models
Get PDFIntroduction:
Cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases from children to elderly adults. This will be deadly if not detected at an earlier stage of the cancerous cell formation, thereby increasing the mortality rate. One such cancer is colorectal cancer, caused due to abnormal growth in the rectum or colon. Early screening of colorectal cancer helps to identify these abnormal growth and can exterminate them before they turn into cancerous cells. Aim:
Therefore, this study aims to develop a robust and efficient classification system for colorectal cancer through Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) on histological images. Methods:
Despite challenges in optimizing model architectures, the improved CNN models like ResNet34 and EfficientNet34 could enhance Colorectal Cancer classification accuracy and efficiency, aiding doctors in early detection and diagnosis, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes. Results:
ResNet34 outperforms the EfficientNet34. Conclusion:
The results are compared with other models in the literature, and ResNet34 outperforms all the other models
Women\u27s History Month: A Digital Library Display
No full textWomen\u27s History Month began as a national observance in 1981 after Congress passed legislation to declare the week starting March 7, 1982, as Women\u27s History Week. Over the next five years, Congress annually designated a week in March for this observance. In 1987, following advocacy by the National Women’s History Project, Congress expanded the celebration to the entire month of March. From 1988 to 1994, further resolutions authorized annual proclamations for March as Women\u27s History Month. Since 1995, every president has officially designated March as Women\u27s History Month, honoring women\u27s contributions and achievements in various sectors across American history. In this digital display, we provide eBooks on women’s health issues and accounts of historical individuals and periods. There is also a list of online resources to provide further information, data, and statistics on women’s health topics
Championing Voices: Honoring Alumnae Authors During Women\u27s History Month Display
Get PDFA bibliography created to accompany a display about alumane authors during Women\u27s History Month 2024 at the Leatherby Libraries at Chapman University
Acceptance: A Step to Promote Awareness and Understanding of Autism Panel and Opening Reception
Get PDFDigital video recording of opening reception of the Acceptance photo exhibit by Bernie Dickson, featuring a panel discussion. Panelist included Dr. Meghan Cosier, exhibit curator Bernie Dickson, Dr. Amy Jane Griffiths, and Stephen Hinkle.
For more information, please see our blog post about this event.https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/library_event_videos/1009/thumbnail.jp
Physical Properties of Odorants Affect Behavior of Trained Detection Dogs During Close-Quarters Searches
Get PDFTrained detection dogs have a unique ability to find the sources of target odors in complex fluid environments. How dogs derive information about the source of an odor from an odor plume comprised of odorants with different physical properties, such as diffusivity, is currently unknown. Two volatile chemicals associated with explosive detection, ammonia (NH3, derived from ammonium nitrate-based explosives) and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (2E1H, associated with composition C4 plastic explosives) were used to ascertain the effects of the physical properties of odorants on the search behavior and motion of trained dogs. NH3 has a diffusivity 3.6 times that of 2E1H. Fourteen civilian detection dogs were recruited to train on each target odorant using controlled odor mimic permeation systems as training aids over 6 weeks and then tested in a controlled-environment search trial where behavior, motion, and search success were analyzed. Our results indicate the target-odorant influences search motion and time spent in the stages of searching, with dogs spending more time in larger areas while localizing NH3. This aligns with the greater diffusivity of NH3 driving diffusion-dominated odor transport when dogs are close to the odor source in contrast to the advection-driven transport of 2E1H at the same distances
Bibliography for Earth Day Display: Planet vs Plastics: A Book Display Increasing the Awareness of the Harms of Plastic in our Ecosystem
Get PDFA bibliography created to accompany a display about Earth Day, sustainability, and the harms of plastic during April 2024 at the Leatherby Libraries at Chapman University
Sleep Restriction Alters the Integration of Multiple Information Sources in Probabilistic Decision-making
Get PDFThe detrimental effects of sleep loss on overall decision-making have been well described. Due to the complex nature of decisions, there remains a need for studies to identify specific mechanisms of decision-making vulnerable to sleep loss. Bayesian perspectives of decision-making posit judgement formation during decision-making occurs via a process of integrating knowledge gleaned from past experiences (priors) with new information from current observations (likelihoods). We investigated the effects of sleep loss on the ability to integrate multiple sources of information during decision-making by reporting results from two experiments: the first implementing both sleep restriction (SR) and total sleep deprivation (TSD) protocols, and the second implementing an SR protocol. In both experiments, participants were administered the Bayes Decisions Task on which optimal performance requires the integration of Bayesian prior and likelihood information. Participants in Experiment 1 showed reduced reliance on both information sources after SR, while no significant change was observed after TSD. Participants in Experiment 2 showed reduced reliance on likelihood after SR, especially during morning testing sessions. No accuracy-related impairments resulting from SR and TSD were observed in both experiments. Our findings show SR affects decision-making through altering the way individuals integrate available sources of information. Additionally, the ability to integrate information during SR may be influenced by time of day. Broadly, our findings carry implications for working professionals who are required to make high-stakes decisions on the job, yet consistently receive insufficient sleep due to work schedule demands
DNA Barcoding of Herbal Supplements on the U.S. Commercial Market Associated with the Purported Treatment of COVID-19
Get PDFIntroduction
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increased global use of traditional medicines, including Ayurvedic herbal preparations. Due to their growing demand, their processed nature, and the complexity of the global supply chain, there is an increased risk of adulteration in these products. Objectives
The objective of this study was to assess the use of DNA barcoding for species identification in herbal supplements on the US market associated with the Ayurvedic treatment of respiratory symptoms. Methods
A total of 54 commercial products containing Ayurvedic herbs were tested with four DNA barcoding regions (i.e., rbcL, matK, ITS2, and mini-ITS2) using two composite samples per product. Nine categories of herbs were targeted: amla, ashwagandha, cinnamon, ginger, guduchi, tribulus, tulsi, turmeric, and vacha. Results
At least one species was identified in 64.8% of products and the expected species was detected in 38.9% of products. Undeclared plant species, including other Ayurvedic herbs, rice, and pepper, were detected in 19 products, and fungal species were identified in 12 products. The presence of undeclared plant species may be a result of intentional substitution or contamination during harvest or processing, while fungal DNA was likely associated with the plant material or the growing environment. The greatest sequencing success (42.6–46.3%) was obtained with the matK and rbcL primers. Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that a combination of genetic loci should be used for DNA barcoding of herbal supplements. Due to the limitations of DNA barcoding in identification of these products, future research should incorporate chemical characterization techniques
Instability and Quantization in Quantum Hydrodynamics
Get PDFWe show how the quantum hydrodynamical formulation of quantum mechanics converts the nonlocality in the standard wave-like description of quantum systems by an instability of the quantum system, which opens the door to a new way for studying quantum systems based on known methodologies for studying the stability of fluids. As a second result, we show how the Madelung equations describe quantized energies without any external quantization conditions