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How are Entanglement Entropies Related to Entropy Bounds?
Get PDFIn this paper we seek to understand what current knowledge of entanglement entropies suggests about the appropriate way to interpret the covariant entropy bound. We first begin by arguing that just as in the classical case, a universal bound on the von Neumann entropy could have either an epistemic or ontological origin. We then consider several possible ways of explaining the bound as a consequence of features of the entanglement entropy. We discuss consider area laws in condensed matter and quantum field theory, arguing that they suggest an epistemic reading of the bound. We also discuss the ‘spacetime from entanglement’ programme, arguing that entanglement alone may not be able to full ground spacetime topology, but it could potentially play a role in determining the spacetime metric, in which case it would potentially support a more ontological reading of the bound
Schur Analysis Over the Unit Spectral Ball
Get PDFWe begin a study of Schur analysis when the variable is now a matrix rather than a complex number. We define the corresponding Hardy space, Schur multipliers and their realizations, and interpolation. Possible applications of the present work include matrices of quaternions, matrices of split quaternions, and other algebras of hypercomplex numbers
Introduction: Leading Social Change from the Lived Experience of Intersectionality
No full textThis introductory chapter explains why education leadership for social change is an urgent priority and how principals, superintendents and other leaders who identify as anti-racist, inclusive, and activist can conceptualize their work. To frame the examples of Critical Leadership Praxis (CLP), (Pak & Ravitch, 2021) that the seven practitioner-scholars write about, Grogan and Wang describe the current context of leadership expectations and review the development of leadership theories alternative to the mainstream discourse. They outline current theories of intersectionality, and consider how storytelling and counter stories can illuminate the value of lived experiences of multiple marginality. This introduction also describes a new type of professional development collaboration between practitioners and researchers that was used by the co-editors to magnify the voices of a new generation of educational leaders with intersectional identities. The practitioner-scholars were encouraged to use an intersectional analysis of their lived experiences to construct their identities (Moorosi, 2014), and to write Who I Am and Values in Action stories (Simmons, 2019) to illustrate their leadership.https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/education_books/1159/thumbnail.jp
Middle Eastern Privilege: A New Global Narrative?
Get PDFBut then a deeper question emerged—what if, instead of solely focusing on challenging stereotypes, we could also highlight the profound privileges inherent in being rooted in the MENA region? This reflection led me to coin a brand new term: Middle Eastern Privilege. This concept seeks to redefine what it means to come from the Middle East and North Africa by emphasizing the richness of cultural, linguistic, religious, and geopolitical heritage alongside an openness to diverse perspectives. It challenges the dominance of Western privilege in global discourse and celebrates the advantages that this community brings to the table
A Generalized Machine Learning Model for Long-Term Coral Reef Monitoring in the Red Sea
Get PDFCoral reefs, despite covering less than 0.2 % of the ocean floor, harbor approximately 35 % of all known marine species, making their conservation critical. However, coral bleaching, exacerbated by climate change and phenomena such as El Niño, poses a significant threat to these ecosystems. This study focuses on the Red Sea, proposing a generalized machine learning approach to detect and monitor changes in coral reef cover over an 18-year period (2000–2018). Using Landsat 7 and 8 data, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier was trained on depth-invariant indices (DII) derived from the Gulf of Aqaba and validated against ground truth data from Umluj. The classifier was then applied to Al Wajh, demonstrating its robustness across different sites and times. Results indicated a significant decline in coral cover: 11.4 % in the Gulf of Aqaba, 3.4 % in Umluj, and 13.6 % in Al Wajh. This study highlights the importance of continuous monitoring using generalized classifiers to mitigate the impacts of environmental changes on coral reefs
Angular Momentum Flow Without Anything Carrying It
Get PDFTransfer of conserved quantities between two remote regions is generally assumed to be a rather trivial process: a flux of particles carrying the conserved quantities propagates from one region to another. However, we demonstrate a flow of angular momentum from one region to another across a region of space in which there is a vanishingly small probability of any particles (or fields) being present. This shows that the usual view of how conservation laws work needs to be revisited
Serials Spoken Here (The Acquisitions Institute at Timberline Lodge, 2024)
Get PDFThe downloadable file on this page is one section of an article which summarizes four sessions of The Acquisitions Institute at Timberline Lodge held May 19–22, 2024: special considerations for indigenous materials, acquisitions models for indigenous audiovisual media, affordable course materials, and readiness for resource challenges. It does not contain the whole article, just the section written by Margaret Puentes.
Full article abstract:
This quarter’s column has reports from the 2024 NASIG 39th Annual Conference held June 3–7, 2024 in Spokane, WA and The Acquisitions Institute at Timberline Lodge held May 19–22, 2024. Topics from NASIG include using ChatGPT as a data analytics tool, transformative agreements, and a comparison between commercial and read and publish agreements. There is also a summary of a session that used Power BI to create an electronic resource usage dashboard, a tool that was also covered in a summary from the Acquisitions Institute, this time about using Power BI to visualize cost per use. Other topics from Timberline Lodge include evolving open access models, and privacy and surveillance. There is also a report with summaries of four sessions on a variety of topics: special considerations for indigenous materials, acquisitions models for indigenous audiovisual media, affordable course materials, and readiness for resource challenges
Satellite Observations Indicate that Chia Uses Less Water than Other Crops in Warm Climates
Get PDFMany parts of the world face severe and prolonged drought conditions, stressing the sustainability of water resources and agriculture. Transitioning to water-efficient crops is one strategy that can help adapt to water scarcity. An emerging drought-tolerant crop of interest is chia (Salvia hispanica). Yet, no study has compared its large-scale water use dynamics to those of widely established crops across the globe. Here, we use satellite data over multiple years to assess the water use efficiency of chia, alfalfa, corn, and soybean globally. Results show that chia consumed 13-38% less water than alfalfa, corn, and soy and assimilated 14-20% more carbon per amount of water used. Substituting 10% of Southwest United States alfalfa cultivation with chia would save 184 million liters of water per growing season, equivalent to the annual water consumption of 1,300 households. Future research shall explore the economic, societal, and environmental ramifications of substituting alfalfa with chia in dry areas worldwide. These insights can guide decision-makers in promoting sustainable agriculture and water resource management
Predicting Mutation-Induced Allosteric Changes in Structures and Conformational Ensembles of the ABL Kinase Using AlphaFold2 Adaptations with Alanine Sequence Scanning
Get PDFDespite the success of AlphaFold2 approaches in predicting single protein structures, these methods showed intrinsic limitations in predicting multiple functional conformations of allosteric proteins and have been challenged to accurately capture the effects of single point mutations that induced significant structural changes. We examined several implementations of AlphaFold2 methods to predict conformational ensembles for state-switching mutants of the ABL kinase. The results revealed that a combination of randomized alanine sequence masking with shallow multiple sequence alignment subsampling can significantly expand the conformational diversity of the predicted structural ensembles and capture shifts in populations of the active and inactive ABL states. Consistent with the NMR experiments, the predicted conformational ensembles for M309L/L320I and M309L/H415P ABL mutants that perturb the regulatory spine networks featured the increased population of the fully closed inactive state. The proposed adaptation of AlphaFold can reproduce the experimentally observed mutation-induced redistributions in the relative populations of the active and inactive ABL states and capture the effects of regulatory mutations on allosteric structural rearrangements of the kinase domain. The ensemble-based network analysis complemented AlphaFold predictions by revealing allosteric hotspots that correspond to state-switching mutational sites which may explain the global effect of regulatory mutations on structural changes between the ABL states. This study suggested that attention-based learning of long-range dependencies between sequence positions in homologous folds and deciphering patterns of allosteric interactions may further augment the predictive abilities of AlphaFold methods for modeling of alternative protein sates, conformational ensembles and mutation-induced structural transformations
