37495 research outputs found
Sort by
Reconstructing Superoscillations Buried Deeply in Noise
Get PDFWe utilize a method using frequency combs to construct waves that feature superoscillations—local regions of the wave that exhibit a change in phase that the bandlimits of the wave should not otherwise allow. This method has been shown to create superoscillating regions that mimic any analytic function—even ones well outside the bandlimits—to an arbitrary degree of accuracy. We experimentally demonstrate that these waves are extremely robust against noise, allowing for accurate reconstruction of a superoscillating target function thoroughly buried in noise. We additionally show that such a construction can be easily used to range-resolve a signal well below the commonly accepted fundamental limit
Time Series Decomposition of Land Surface Temperature for Long-term Trend Forecasting and Impact on Nesting Sea Turtle Habitats in the Arabian Gulf
Get PDFImproving land surface temperature (LST) modeling is vital for mitigating climate change effects on various ecosystems and marine habitats such as important sea turtle habitats. Over the past decade, extreme temperatures have likely significantly affected nesting sea turtle habitats in the Arabian Gulf, with predominantly female hatchlings creating an imbalance in the sex ratio. Such shifts have profound implications for these habitats’ long-term survival and conservation management. This study leverages statistical machine learning models to measure ongoing temporal variations in LST. We break down the LST time series into trend, seasonal, and noise components using classical decomposition methods like X11, Seasonal Extraction in autogressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) Time Series (SEATS), and the seasonal and trend decomposition using local regression (Loess) (STL) approach. The long-term trends in LST data are driven by climate change rather than seasonal fluctuations. We employed neural network autoregression (NNAR), bagged error, trend, and seasonal (BaggedETS), exponential smoothing models, and the STL method to project future LST values. We also explored advanced forecasting models like dynamic harmonic regression; trigonometric seasonality, Box–Cox transformation, autoregressive moving average (ARMA) errors, and trend and seasonal components (TBATS); and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) for comparative performance analysis. Extended warm periods were identified for Abu Ali Island between 2017 and 2018 through several decomposition methods, likely linked to the 2015/16 El Niño event. We also conducted a marine heatwave (MHW) analysis from 2010 to 2020, establishing a pronounced impact of the 2015/16 El Niño on the Arabian Gulf. In nesting beach environments with high LST, marine heatwaves could have a significant impact on sea turtle populations without human intervention such as artificially cooling the nest temperature. The SARIMA model showed higher forecasting precision for in situ weather data, while the NNAR model demonstrated superior performance with remotely sensed data
How Do Preservice Teachers Learn to Teach Integrated Computational Thinking?: Evidence from Planning, Enactment, and Reflection
Get PDFThis study examines pre-service teachers’ (PSTs) beliefs and understandings about computational thinking (CT) integration and lesson implementation over time. Utilizing a design-based research approach, 3 PSTs led the co-design of integrated CT lessons with support from researchers and enacted these CT integrated lessons with K-5 students. All PSTs participated in a whole-group CT workshop and engaged in one-on-one lesson design sessions with a researcher. We utilized a grounded theory approach to qualitatively analyze pre-surveys, semi-structured interviews, and video data of three PSTs enacting their lessons. We found that PSTs’ initial beliefs about CT instruction – including the importance of it – were reinforced through their participation in our lesson design and implementation process. We also saw PSTs developed deeper understandings and more nuanced beliefs about the importance of CT integration and supporting multilingual learners (MLs) with English language development (ELD) strategies. PSTs also developed beliefs about what CT integration should look like and how it should be taught. This multiple case study demonstrates how providing rich design opportunities for PSTs to engage in CT integration work can support the productive development of PSTs beliefs about CT integration and their capacity for CT lesson design
Review of \u3cem\u3ePost-Imperial Encounters: Transnational Designs of Bessarabia in Paris and Elsewhere, 1917–1922\u3c/em\u3e, by Svetlana Suveica
Get PDFA review of Post-Imperial Encounters: Transnational Designs of Bessarabia in Paris and Elsewhere, 1917–1922, by Svetlana Suveica
Review of \u3cem\u3eRepression, Resistance and Collaboration in Stalinist Romania, 1944–1964: Post-communist Remembering\u3c/em\u3e, by Monica Ciobanu
Get PDFA review of Repression, Resistance and Collaboration in Stalinist Romania, 1944–1964: Post-communist Remembering by Monica Ciobanu
Review of Japan’s Ocean Borderlands: Nature and Sovereignty By Paul Kreitman Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2023, 272 pp., $105.00 (hardback), ISBN: 9781108489706
Get PDFA review of Japan’s Ocean Borderlands: Nature and Sovereignty by Paul Kreitman
Effect of Venture Capital Investment Horizon on New Product Development: Evidence from the Medical Device Sector
No full textDrawing on entrepreneurial financing literature, we investigate how venture capital (VC) firms\u27 investment horizons affect their ventures\u27 product quality problems. We argue that when a VC firm has a short investment horizon, it may guide its portfolio companies to develop new products fast to increase the likelihood of successful exits. However, this deliberate effort may act as a double-edged sword for ventures. That is, VC firms\u27 guidance on product commercialization could inadvertently expose ventures to product quality problems. Building on this notion, we suggest that ventures backed by VC firms with short investment horizons may experience more product quality problems than those backed by VC firms with long investment horizons. We further suggest that the effect of a VC firm\u27s investment horizon on product quality problems is mitigated when the venture is invested by corporate VC investors but amplified when the venture develops complex products. We test our hypotheses using a dataset on product recalls of VC-backed ventures in the U.S. medical device industry
Rap on Trial: A Brief History
Get PDFIn recent years, the prosecutorial tactic, often called “Rap on Trial”—in which rap lyrics and videos associated with a defendant are used as evidence of criminal activity—has exploded into national prominence. The widely-followed prosecution of Young Thug and his labelmates, along with other high-profile rappers, has generated intense interest in the issue, but even before the Young Thug indictment, legislators in California, Washington D.C., and other states had introduced legislation to curb the practice. The Rap on Trial tactic has been around since at least 1991; hundreds of courts have issued judicial opinions permitting the use of rap evidence, despite a steady stream of peer-reviewed empirical studies demonstrating that the tactic introduces a substantial risk of unfair prejudice. In this Article, the author reflects on his work on this issue, identifies important moments in the history of the tactic, explores why it has become more wellknown in recent years, and what this new prominence suggests about the state of the Rap on Trial tactic. The author concludes by offering suggestions for policymakers and courts
“Senator . . . I’m Singaporean!”: Privacy Regulation and Data Transfers in Cross-Border Corporations
Get PDFA recent congressional hearing involving social media companies, including TikTok and Facebook, made headlines when Senator Tom Cotton of Arkansas grilled the TikTok CEO, Shou Zi Chew, repeatedly asking him if he had ties to China or its Communist Party. The Singaporean CEO, who has served as TikTok’s CEO since 2021, repeatedly replied, “Senator . . . I’m Singaporean!” While Senator Cotton, evoking McCarthy-era sentiments, was severely criticized for his racism and what appears to be a lack of understanding about corporate governance, another problem emerged.
TikTok, which is a subsidiary of the Chinese-owned ByteDance, operates in countries around the world and stores its data in Malaysia, Singapore, and the United States. In today’s global privacy landscape, each of these countries has differing privacy laws that, at times, conflict regarding how to handle and transfer data. The lack of consensus on how to store and transfer consumer data exposes corporations to the potential risk of hacking if proper oversight and precautions are not followed.
Accordingly, with data becoming a new global currency for expanding businesses, governments must work together to find a solution that streamlines the handling, storage, and transfer of data. Using the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement as a baseline to create a cross-border data transfer treaty, this Article proposes a multilateral agreement akin to the General Data Protection Regulation to protect consumer data and remove confusion about conflicts of law
Preemption’s Climate Action Gap: How \u3cem\u3eChevron U.S.A. Inc. v. County of Monterey\u3c/em\u3e Perpetuates Big Oil Capture in California
Get PDFThe oil and gas industry has argued that the use of unconventional extraction methods, such as fracking, is one way to reduce emissions, combat climate change, and bolster national security through energy independence. While fracking increases extraction output, modern research suggests that fracking increases the risk of earthquakes, water contamination, and disastrous spills. These risks deserve special attention in California, which is particularly susceptible to water scarcity and increased seismic activity.
In light of these concerns, the California state legislature enacted multiple amendments to the mandate of the California Geologic Energy Management Division (CalGEM), including the ambitious goal of reaching net-zero emissions by 2045. However, according to recent data, CalGEM’s enforcement efforts have not advanced emissions targets—unless California triples its greenhouse gas reduction rate, it will fail to reach net-zero by 2045.
This Note identifies the pervasive influence of regulatory, legislative, and executive capture by Big Oil as a primary obstacle to California’s climate progress and argues that the California Supreme Court’s holding in Chevron U.S.A. Inc. v. County of Monterey will only perpetuate Big Oil capture. Big Oil wields its influence by lobbying for favorable agency oversight and through campaign donations granted in exchange for industry-friendly votes. Consequently, Big Oil capture has produced a climate action gap, forcing locals to take action in the absence of judicial or genuine legislative intervention. Chevron’s reasoning frustrates California’s climate progress as it effectively ratifies CalGEM’s extraction-heavy focus, rendering CalGEM’s concurrent environmental directive superfluous. Ultimately, Chevron degrades political accountability and the countervailing force of citizen plaintiffs, exacerbating the climate action gap by vitiating an important check on state power and discouraging local innovation