FNU-CMNHS FIPHR Institutional Research Repository
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Male partners and medical staff's perception on contributing factors of Family Planning (FP) in Fiji
No full textPrevalence and correlates of suicidal behavior among a national population_based sample of adults in Kiribati
No full textMaternal knowledge and attitudes to childhood hearing loss and hearing services in the Pacific Islands: A cross-sectional survey protocol for urban and rural/remote Samoa
No full textMENTAL HEALTH PUBLIC POLICY IN GLOBAL CONTEXT: A Comparative Study of Policy Transfer in Samoa... and Tonga
No full textUsing Taxation to Address the Rise of Noncommunicable Diseases: High-Level Policy Makers Workshop on Healthy Tonga
No full textTo Quell Childhood Obesity: The Pacific Ending Childhood Obesity Network’s Response
No full textThe need to accelerate collective and concerted action to combat Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) and childhood obesity is particularly relevant in the Pacific context. In October 2017, the country-driven Pacific Ending Childhood Obesity Network (Pacific ECHO) was established1, and all twenty-two Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) became members of the Network. Several regional and international plans and strategies have outlined key proven populations-based measures to address this epidemic including the WHO Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity (ECHO) [1], the Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs 2013-2020 [2], the Comprehensive Implementation Plan on Maternal, Infant and Young Child Nutrition 2012 [3] and the UN Decade of Action on Nutrition 2016-2025 [4]
Existing NCD Monitoring and Surveillance Systems and its adaptability to Fiji’s context: A Systematic Review
No full textIntroduction: The United Nations high-level meeting of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases passed a political declaration on Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) prevention and control in 2011, emphasizing the great need for NCD surveillance including in Low-to-Middle-Income-Countries (LMICs).
Method: A review of literature was conducted and set for full text citations published in English dated 1 January, 2007 to 31 August 2019. MESH terms or key words were selected from the following groups of generic terms: the following words “Health surveillance systems” and “NCD monitoring and surveillance system”. The literatures were tabulated according to the authors, date that was published and which journal, the title of the study, the surveillance design and their recommendations. The 13 articles that were identified, only one was conducted in a developing country while the rest were conducted in high income countries.
Results: 60% of the NCD surveillace system reviewed use passive surveillance, 30% uses passive assisted sentinel surveillance and 10% use passive assited spatial surveillance. Based on countries surveillance system there was an equal distribution on involvement in policy development (33%), behavioural risk associated aggregates (33%) and intergrated health information System (33%).Through intense review, passive assisted sentinel surveillance was mostly practiced and the use of spatial surveillace in this context for interregional comparisons of specified diseases
How community participation in water and sanitation interventions impacts human health,WASH infrastructure and service longevity in low-income and middle-income countries:a realist review
Get PDFABSTRACT
Objective
To understand how, and under what circumstances community participation in water and sanitation interventions impacts the availability of safe water and sanitation, a change in health status or behaviour and the longevity of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) resources and services.
Design
Realist review.
Data sources
PubMed, Web of Science and Scopusdatabases were used to identify papers from low-income and middle-income countries from 2010 to 2020.
Eligibility criteria for selecting studies
Criteria were developed for papers to be included. The contribution of each paper was assessed based on its relevance
and rigour (eg, can it contribute to context, mechanism or outcome, and is the method used to generate that information credible).
Analysis
Inductive and deductive coding was used to generate context–mechanism–outcome configurations.
Results
73 studies conducted in 29 countries were included. We identified five mechanisms that explained the availability, change and longevity outcomes: (1) accountability (policies and procedures to hold communities responsible for their actions and outcomes of an intervention), (2) diffusion (spread of an idea or behaviour by innovators over time through communication
among members of a community), (3) market (the interplay between demand and supply of a WASH service
or resource), (4) ownership (a sense of possession and control of the WASH service or resource) and (5) shame (a feeling of disgust in one’s behaviour or actions). Contextual elements identified included community leadership and communication, technical skills and knowledge, resource access and dependency, committee activity such as the rules and management plans, location and the level of community participation.
Conclusions
The findings highlight five key mechanisms impacted by 19 contextual factors that explain the outcomes of community water and sanitation interventions. Policymakers, programme implementers and institutions should consider community dynamics, locatio
Understanding the decision-making structures, roles and actions of village-level water committees in Fiji
No full textABSTRACT
As part of a community-based project on water-related disease in Fiji, we conducted a qualitative study to assess the decision-making structures, roles and actions of village-level water committees. Village water committees played a role in the management, operation and maintenance of water and sanitation infrastructure. Reactive and proactive management approaches were both present. The water committees had clear processes in place for decision-making and membership and were influenced by social and cultural norms. Men dominated water committee membership, roles and decision-making. Knowledge about governance structures and processes can be used to strengthen systems for water committees to effectively manage water access and security
