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Analyzing The Thermal Performance Of A Pcm Material Utilized In Buildings
No full textIn the present work investigations have been carried out by simulation to study and examine the roof of a building in corporating PCM for thermal comfort in residential building. Two models were used and the theoretical performance of both
is compared by considering one as the reference case. A PCM integrated roof has the potential to maintain a fairly constant temperature within the room due to its huge heat absorbing and storing capacity in a passive manner. Whereas, the ceiling
temperatures always fluctuate in a Non-PCM room (RCC room) throughout the day and every day. The results of ceiling temperatures, heat flux and heat transfer rate in the Non-PCM and PCM room were observed and better results are found for PCM Room
Assessment of algal biomass towards removal of Cr (VI) from tannery effluent: A sustainable approach
No full textThe current investigation focuses on a systematic study of application of two dried algal biomass (i.e., Nostoc sp. and Turbinaria vulgaris) in removal of Cr(VI) from synthetic solution as well as tannery industrial wastewater. The optimized conditions for Cr(VI) removal are nearly same for the both the biosorbents (i.e., pH 2.8, initial Cr(VI) concentration 100 mg L-1, biomass dosage of 1.2g L-1, contact time 120 and 110 min). Nostoc sp. (qmax=23.94mg g-1) was observed to possess a superior removal capability when compared to Turbinaria vulgaris (qmax=21.8mg g-1). Desorption studies were performed with four different desorbing agents. Application study was conducted using tannery wastewater with Nostoc sp. and 94.20% removal of Cr(VI) was obtained. Hence, this study revealed that Nostoc sp. and T. vulgaris both have great potential to be an environment friendly and economic biosorbent for removal of Cr(VI) containing industrial effluent
New zinc complexes derived from “self-adaptable” acyclic diiminodipyrromethanes as potent catalysts for the reduction of curing temperature of bisphenol-A/F benzoxazines
Get PDFThe simple modification of the Schiff-base ligands often brings significant changes in the coordination properties of the metal-complexes, providing newer prospects for their unexplored applications. In this context, the present work utilized the “self-adaptable” acyclic diiminodipyrromethane Schiff's bases (2a
and 2b) for the synthesis of their Zn-based complexes and explored their potential in the ring-opening polymerization of benzoxazines. The two zinc complexes of composition [Zn{(Ph)(CH3)C(2,6-i
Pr2C6H3– N]CH–C4H2N)(2,6-i Pr2C6H3–N]CH–C4H2NH)}2] (3) and [ZnCl2{(Ph)(CH3)C(Ph3C–NH]CH–C4H2N)2}] (4) were synthesized in good yields, and the structures were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). Later, zinc complexes (3 & 4) were used as catalysts to reduce the curing (ring-opening polymerization) temperature of benzoxazine monomers such as Bisphenol-A (BA-a) and Bisphenol-F (BF-a) benzoxazines. Dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies revealed that the on-set curing (Tp) temperatures were reasonably decreased upto 20% for the benzoxazines. Furthermore, the thermal stabilities of the polybenzoxazines (PBzs) derived in the presence of zinc catalysts (3 and 4) were compared with PBz obtained in the absence of catalyst under similar conditions. The thermal studies reveled that there is no significant changes in the initial degradation of polymers. However, the thermal stability in terms of char yields at 800 �C improved upto 10–21% for the bisphenol-A/F benzoxazines
Compounding and the mechanical properties of catla fish scales reinforced-polypropylene composite–from biowaste to biomaterial
No full textIn this study, bio-waste catla fish scale (CFS) was used as a reinforcing agent in polypropylene (PP) for the fabrication of biomaterials by using a twin-screw extrusion technique. Tensile strength, elongation-at-break and heat deflection temperature
(HDT) of the composites decreased upon the addition of CFS, however, Young’s modulus improved, significantly. The flexural strength, density, and hardness of the composites increased by 5%, 1%, and 11%, respectively, with increasing the CFS
content. The impact strength and the melt flow index (MFI) noticeably increased with increasing CFS loading. These results signified the fact that the CFS/PP composites from CFS biowaste showed improved mechanical properties and it can be a potential alternative biomaterial for various biomedical applications. In addition, the application of CFS as a filler in polymers can be viewed as a sustainable approach that
incorporates biowaste-based value-added material and can simultaneously mitigate the sewage problems in a smart manner in the marine environmen
Reliability, Availability and Maintainability Analysis for Transportation Vehicles—A Case Study in APSRTC.
No full textPerformance of a system depends on the reliability of its subsystems if any, the maintenance efficiency, and the operating conditions. Failures are more frequent if the size and complexity of the systems increase and the effect of these
failures on system performance is critical. Therefore, reliability and maintainability analysis is required to identify the bottlenecks in system for designed reliability and maintainability. In this paper, a methodology has been presented and is applied on road transportation vehicles in Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation
(APSRTC) as a case study. The best fit for time between failures (TBF) of subsystems is identified with Anderson–Darling (A–D) values and the respective parameters are calculated. Also, availabilities are estimated for all types of vehicles and bottlenecks are identified. This method will help to identify the optimal maintenance intervals for each subsystem as well as the syste
Reverse Engineering: Generation of Cad Model from Scanned Mesh File Captured using 3d Scanner
No full textReverse Engineering is the method of capturing an existing object’s physical characteristics and reproducing a replica of it
from the extracted data. This technique is widely recognized as a predominant technique in aerospace design & manufacturing. It is hard to reproduce a duplicate of any part or model the part when original designs are not available specifically in the case of legacy aircrafts. In this technique, various stages involved are data acquisition (scanned mesh file) using 3D scanning, feature extraction, segmentation to fit free form shapes and developing a 3D CAD model. This research paper signifies the role of reverse engineering in restoring the legacy features of aircraft components especially for an aging flee
Performance And Emission Characteristics Of Gasoline-Ethanol Blends On Pfi-Si Engine
No full textAlcohol based fuels can be produced from renewable energy sources and has the potential to reduce pollutant emissions due to their oxygenated nature. Lighter alcohols like ethanol and methanol are easily miscible with gasoline and by blending alcohols with gasoline; a part of conventional fuel can be replaced while contributing to fuel economy. Several researchers tested various ethanol blends on different engine test rigs and identified ethanol as one of the most promising
ecofriendly fuels for spark ignition engine. Its properties high octane number, high latent heat of vaporization give better performance characteristics and reduces exhaust emissions compared to gasoline. This paper focuses on studying the effects of blending 50 of ethanol by volume with gasoline as it hardly needs engine modifications. Gasoline (E0) and E50 fuels were investigated experimentally on single-cylinder, four-stroke port fuel injection spark ignition engine by varying engine speed from 1500 rpm to 3500 rpm. Performance Characteristics like torque, brake power, specific fuel consumption, and volumetric efficiency and exhaust emissions such as HC, CO, CO2, NOx were studied.
Reduction In Emission Of Harmful Gases From Ic Engine By Electrolysis
No full textThis paper is all about the reduction in the emissions of harmful gases from the IC engine.As we all know that the major problem in the world is air pollution.Thesignificant portion of the air pollution is due to automobiles only .soif we can able to control the emissions from engines that will lead to the gradual
decrease in the overall pollution .the simplest method to decrease in the emission of harmful gases from the engine is by sending the pure oxygen into the cylinder. This is possible when we can purify the air by removing all the harmful gases from the air. This paper will explain that purifying method. This method will results in almost 60% reduction in pollution from current stage pollution if we put this method in practices. This method will also improve engine performance parameters. If we apply this method for every vehicle, then we can expect a pollution-free environment
Influence Of Nano Clay On Mechanical And Morphological Properties Of Sisal/Banana Fiber Reinforced Composites
No full textThis paper mainly focuses on the Nano clay effect in mechanical properties of sisal/banana hybrid FRP composites. The composites with and without the addition of Nano clay have been made by fusing sisal/banana fiber up to maximum volume of 30% as support in polymer matrix and mechanical properties are Investigated. The composite material prepared was tested for tensile, flexural, impact strength with aid of respective apparatus. Fiber length and % of weight were calculated
initially for preparation of specimens. Banana fiber was hybridized with sisal fiber to examine the changes in mechanical properties of the samples. Mechanical properties (Tensile strength, Flexural strength along with their modulus) of the composites with nano clay are found to be 0.8, 1, 1.5 and 2.3 times greater than that of composites without nano clay. 50% better results in the impact test were achieved. SEM analysis
was carried out on the samples after conducting the test to find out the fracture pattern and the fiber pull out. The experimental outcomes illustrate that under testing the mechanical properties shows an increase with adding up of Nano clay at higher volume fraction. Tensile & flexural properties show an affirmative hybrid effect
Effect Of Sic And Tib2 Particles On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Copper Surface Composites Fabricated By Friction Stir Processing
No full textPure copper is reinforced with 20µm ceramic particles like SiCp and TiB2 using FSP to fabiricate surface composites at constant rotational speed of 1120 revaluations per minutes and speed of the weld at 40mm/min. Cylindrical tapper threaded profile pin made of high carbon high chromium was used to prepare the
copper surface composites. Experiments were conducted on a vertical milling machine to prepare Surface composites by varying volume percentage of reinforcements (vol.%2, vol.%4,vol.%6). six combinations of surface composites
Cu/2vol.%SiC, Cu/4vol.%Sic, Cu/6vol.%Sic; Cu/2vol.%TiB2, Cu/4vol.%TiB2 and Cu/6vol.%TiB2 were fabricated. The processed composites were examined by using and optical microscope to reveal the microstructure. At 4 vol. % sic particles and 4vol.% of TiB2 particles the microstructure reveals fine grains (equiaxed) at the processed region as compared with 2&6 vol.% of reinforcements. Mechanical tests were conducted to determine ultimate tensile strength, yield strength. Hardness
survey was made on the processed sample and base metal. From the results, it is found that at 4 vol. % of SiC and 4 vol.% of TiB2 superior properties were obtained as that of vol.% 2 and vol.% 6 of reinforcements. This is attributed to the fine grains
formed in the copper surface composites. Cu surface composite reinforced with 6 vol.% of TiB2 resulted in higher hardness. As the vol. % of SiC and TiB2 increased the resistance to wear is also increase