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Optimization Of EDM Process Parameters Using TOPSIS For Machining AISI D2 Steel Material
No full textThere is a tremendous scope for research work that is being carried out to recommend the optimal
machining parameters while involving latest machining techniques to produce high quality products.This research work emphasised on suggesting the optimum process parameters of die sinking EDM with 8 mm diameter copper electrode during machining AISI D2 steel using TOPSIS.Taguchi’s L9 OA method
was adopted to design 9 experiments in total and Pulse on time (Ton), Servo voltage (SV) and Peak current (IP) are chosen as input parameters. Three levels of each parameter were selected for designing the experimentation. A non-volatile oil extracted from the seeds of Helianthus annuus namely sunflower oil was
picked as dielectric and the values of Material Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR) and Surface Roughness (SR) for each experiment were noted as the output responses. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was done to recommend the impact of each input parameter on output responses. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to select the weightage of each response and then Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) which is a multi-criteria decision analysis method, was accompanied for determination of ideal parameters for machining AISI D2 steel. Finally it
is observed that the combination of level 3 of pulse on time, level 2 of Peak Current and level 2 of servo voltage suggests the optimum resul
Implications of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in seed physiology for sustainable crop productivity under changing climate conditions
No full textγ-Decalactone (Chemical formula: C10H18O2) is an important aroma flavor compound and has peachy fruit odor.
It is approved as GRAS food additive by FDA and generally present in the cultures of Sporobolomycesodorus.
This review focus on the pathways, metabolic engineering strategies and bioengineering problems to enhance γ-
decalactone production by taking the consideration of toxicity, degradation of produced lactone and oxygen transfer problems
Exploring the Crosstalk between Inflammation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer
No full textTumor cells undergo invasion and metastasis through epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT) by activation of alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM) protein-encoding genes, enzymes responsible for the breakdown of ECM, and activation of genes that drive the transformation of the epithelial cell to the mesenchymal type. Inflammatory cytokines such as TGFβ, TNFα, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 activate transcription factors such as Smads, NF-κB, STAT3, Snail, Twist, and Zeb that drive EMT. EMT drives primary tumors to metastasize in different parts of the body. T and B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) which are present in the tumor microenvironment induce EMT. The current review elucidates the interaction between EMT tumor cells and immune cells under the microenvironment. Such complex interactions provide a better understanding of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis and in defining the aggressiveness of the primary tumors. Anti-inflammatory molecules in this context may open new therapeutic options for the better treatment of tumor progression. Targeting EMT and the related mechanisms by utilizing natural compounds may be an important and safe therapeutic alternative in the treatment of tumor growth
Kinetics of pyrolysis of cotton stalk using model-fitting and model-free methods
No full textWith the depletion of fossil fuels, the conversion of biomass to biofuel is increasingly seen as a possible solution. Pyrolysis is one of these biomass-to-biofuel conversion technologies. In the present study, cotton stalk pyrolysis was investigated to determine the intrinsic kinetic parameters to understand the pyrolysis process. Model-fitting and model-free methods are applied to assess the kinetics. Pyrolysis of the cotton stalk was performed at different heating rates (10, 20, 30, and 40 K min−1) using a thermogravimetric analyzer. The obtained data from TGA was used to estimate the key kinetic parameters using various models/methods including Single reaction model, Series reaction model, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) method, and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) method. The results of model-fitting kinetics showed that the pyrolysis mechanism could not be explained by the simple reaction models and obtained unrealistic kinetic parameters. Further, model-free methods were investigated to address the complex reaction mechanism. Besides, the predicted activation energy using KAS method values ranged from 223 to 230 kJ mol−1. In the FWO method, activation energy ranges from 213 to 240 kJ mol−1. In both methods, the calculated average activation energy value is in the proximity of 226 kJ mol−1 for fractional conversion value of 0.05 > α > 0.7
Highly selective and sensitive detection of histidine by naked eye and fluorimetric method in aqueous medium via hydrogen bonding
No full textAbstract
A new turn on fluorescent rhodamine dye primarily based probe had been designed and synthesized. The dye suggests a sensitive detection of histidine at a variety of concentrations in
aqueous medium by using fluorimetric method. The absorption and emission depth had been all at once changed upon the addition of histidine with probe, there is no change when addition of other competitors. The dye confirmed color change from colorless to pink during addition of histidine, which could be determined by naked eye. The Job’s plot indicated that the 1:1 binding ratio of probe with analyte. The probe shows the detection limit of histidine is 1.67nM. The binding of probe with histidine was proven through NMR titrations, mass and strips method
Unprecedented structural evidence for pyrrole-imine to azafulvene-amine tautomerization in iminopyrrolyl Schiff's base ligand: Coexistence of both tautomer's in a single crystal
No full texta b s t r a c t
The treatment of bulky iminopyrrole Schiff base of composition [2-(Ph3CN=CH)C4H3NH] (1) with an�hydrous NiBr2 yielded corresponding bromide salt of chemical composition [{2-(Ph3CN=CH)-C4H3NH}-Br-{2-(Ph3CN(H)-CH)=C4H3NH}] (2) in good yield. The solid-state structure of compound (2) was estab�lished by using single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The X-ray crystallographic studies revealed that the bulky iminopyrrolyl ligand undergoes pyrrole-imine to azafulvene-amine tautomerization in the pres�ence of external stimuli such as NiBr2 and forms air-stable bromide salt of iminopyrrolyl Schiff base without having any significant covalent interactions between them. The existence of intra-molecular H�Br interactions along with inter-molecular hydrogen bonding in compound (2) made this bromide salt unique unprecedented structural evidence for the co-existence of both tautomeric forms in a single crys�tal. Moreover, the insight of compound (2) was investigated by DFT computational studies and Hirshfeld
surface analysi
An intellectual procurement innovation of smart grid power system with wireless communication networks based on machine learning
No full textThe phased array antenna is one of the most significant applications in fifth-generation mobile networks. It is one of the most important applications in fifth-generation networks. An electric power source that powers the whole application, including the antenna’s root, is required. Even with the
most outstanding design, if the programme does not have a sound power supply system with minimal packet loss and cant Path find performance, it will be rendered ineffective. When seen from the perspective of the multiplex information, Machine Learning comprises a communication network based on the Internet that transmits information to the control centre via the objects (IOT). To put it another way, the proposed communication infrastructure, via the provision of, and the chance micro-grid state to collect, analyze, and two-way communication link control information, offers the
chance to resolve the voltage regulation issues. This cutting-edge communication infrastructure, as well as a suggested state estimation filter focused on improving speed and performance in renewable energy production, are both examples of creative communication infrastructure. Current research is focused on analyzing and enumerating a range of energy abundances in the context of smart grids, which are now in their fifth generation. Rather than concentrating on the future development plan,
which should be a problem of illusion, it should concentrate on the composition of the future potential of smart grid communications framework. An in-depth investigation to give evidence to the Machine learning will help intelligent networks in the future conduct a thorough evaluation
Fused deposition modeling based polymeric materials and their performance: A review
No full textAdditive manufacturing (AM) has several advantages that will make a revolution in polymeric material development. In the AM of polymeric materials, filament deposition modeling (FDM) has been widely used owing to its versatility, low cost, and efficacy. FDM includes different parameters and also an interlayer adhesion that contributes to the performance of the printed parts. In recent years, reinforcement has been introduced in FDM-printed polymeric materials to improve performance. This review looked at different polymer materials that were printed using the FDM process. A systematic literature search was conducted on FDM-printed polymers, and the mechanical and thermal performance of these materials was reviewed and critically reported. The performance of FDM printed polymeric materials has been discussed in relation to FDM process parameters, matrix type, fiber reinforcement type, particle
reinforcement type, and lattice structure. In a nutshell, this review article will assist researchers working in the field of 3D printing of polymeric materials in understanding the various polymer and polymeric composites' properties and
performanc
Murburn Precepts for Cytochrome P450 Mediated Drug/Xenobiotic Metabolism and Homeostasis
No full textAims:
We aim to demonstrate why deeming diffusible reactive oxygen species (DROS) as toxic wastes do not afford a comprehensive understanding of cytochrome P450 mediated microsomal xenobiotic metabolism (mXM).
Background:
Current pharmacokinetic investigations consider reactive oxygen species formed in microsomal reactions as toxic waste products, whereas our works (Manoj et al., 2016) showed that DROS are the reaction mainstay in cytochrome P450 mediated metabolism and that they play significant roles in explaining several unexplained physiologies.
Objective:
Herein, we strive to detail the thermodynamic and kinetic foundations of murburn precepts of cytochrome P450 mediated drug metabolism.
Methodology:
Primarily, in silico approaches (using pdb crystal structure files), murburn reaction chemistry logic and thermodynamic calculations to elucidate the new model of CYP-mediated drug metabolism. The theoretical foundations are used to explain experimental observations.
Results:
We visually elucidate how murburn model better explains- (i) promiscuity of the unique P450-reductase; (ii) prolific activity and inhibitions of CYP3A4; (iii) structure-function correlations of important key CYP2 family isozymes- 2C9, 2D6 and 2E1; and (iv) mutation studies and mechanism-based inactivation of CYPs. Several other miscellaneous aspects of CYP reaction chemistry are also addressed.
Conclusion:
In the light of our findings that DROS are crucial for explaining reaction outcomes in mXM, approaches for understanding drug-drug interactions and methodologies for lead drug candidates' optimizations should be revisited
Efficient antibacterial/biofilm, anti-cancer and photocatalytic potential of titanium dioxide nanocatalysts green synthesised using Gloriosa superba rhizome extract
No full textBackground: Oral administration of biguanides (metformin) and sulfonylureas (gliclazide) are the most common approach of management of type 2 diabetes in humans. Among these diabetic patients, approximately 40–60% suffers from hypertension. Hence, the need of the day is application of polytherapy. A major challenge in polytherapy is the drug-drug interactions that may arise. Hence, this study is focused to develop a reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for concurrent estimation of diabetic drug metformin and hypertension drug valsartan using C18 column and find any possible pharmacokinetic interactions between the two drug combinations strategies, i.e., metformin-valsartan and gliclazide-valsartan in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Result: The bioanalysis of drug-drug interaction pharmacokinetic result showed no significant difference in the tmax of single treatment of gliclazide and single treatment of metformin or upon co-administration with valsartan.
Conclusion: Our study has shown that polytherapy of valsartan, a drug administered for hypertension along with
hypoglycemic drugs metformin and gliclazide, can be advantageous and safe in patients suffering from both
diabetes and hypertension