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Investigación en ciberseguridad y negocios: una revisión bibliométrica (2004-2023)
No full textJEL: M10, M15[EN] Cybersecurity poses a significant risk for companies due to the rise in cyberattacks worldwide, leading to increased uncertainty in security management and putting the sustainability of businesses at risk. Despite some academic contributions, limited bibliometric studies on integrating cybersecurity and business information exist. The research aims to assist academics, policymakers, and decision-makers in cybersecurity management. The authors conducted a bibliometric review using scientific mapping and performance analysis. The study used the Web of Science database and Bibliometrix software to analyze 410 articles and 1,355 authors across nine bibliometric indicators between 2004 and 2023. This article is novel in proposing a bibliometric review of cybersecurity and business, as the other studies addressed specific sectors and do not allow for an integrated view of information on these two topics. The main findings showed an annual growth of 27.63% and an international co-authorship of 31.46%. The United States of America has the highest scientific production, followed by the United Kingdom and China. Business Horizons and IEEE Access are the most influential journals in this field of research. This study can improve the analysis of academics, policymakers, and decision-makers in companies regarding security management. Future studies could propose management models to improve cybersecurity in organizations.[ES] La ciberseguridad representa un riesgo importante para las empresas debido al aumento de los ciberataques en todo el mundo, lo que genera una mayor incertidumbre en la gestión de la seguridad y pone en riesgo la sostenibilidad de las empresas. A pesar de algunas contribuciones académicas, existen estudios bibliométricos limitados sobre la integración de la ciberseguridad y la información empresarial. La investigación tiene como objetivo ayudar a los académicos, los responsables políticos y los tomadores de decisiones en la gestión de la ciberseguridad. Los autores realizaron una revisión bibliométrica utilizando el mapeo científico y el análisis de rendimiento. El estudio utilizó la base de datos Web of Science y el software Bibliometrix para analizar 410 artículos y 1,355 autores en nueve indicadores bibliométricos entre 2004 y 2023. Este artículo es novedoso al proponer una revisión bibliométrica de la ciberseguridad y los negocios, ya que los otros estudios abordaron sectores específicos y no permiten una visión integrada de la información sobre estos dos temas. Los principales hallazgos mostraron un crecimiento anual del 27.63% y una coautoría internacional del 31.46%. Los Estados Unidos de América cuentan con la mayor producción científica, seguido de Reino Unido y China. Business Horizons e IEEE Access son las revistas más influyentes en este campo de investigación. Este estudio puede mejorar el análisis de académicos, formuladores de políticas y tomadores de decisiones en las empresas en relación con la gestión de la seguridad. Estudios futuros podrían proponer modelos de gestión para mejorar la ciberseguridad en las organizaciones.Research supported by Red Sistemas Inteligentes y Expertos Modelos Computacionales Iberoamericanos (SIEMCI), project number 522RT0130 in the Ibero-American Science and Technology for Development Program (CYTED)
Zarauzko Osasun Zentroan bakardade sentimendua pairatzen duten 65 urtetik gorako emakumeei zuzendutako Osasun Hezkuntza Programa
No full textSarrera: Azken urteetan gizartearen zahartze progresiboa ematen ari da, eta horrekin batera adinarekin datozen patologien agerpena. Horien artean desiratu gabeko bakardadea dugu, isileko arazoa. Sentimendu subjektibo honek eragin negatiboak ditu pairatzen dutenen osasunean eta ongizatean, eta hortaz abian dira horri aurrea hartzeko estrategiak.
Helburuak: Lanaren helburu nagusia, desiratu gabeko bakardade sentimendua pairatzen duten 65 urtetik gorako emakumeei zuzendutako Osasun Hezkuntza Programa (OHeP) bat diseinatzea da. Helburu nagusia lortzeko, helburu zehatzak planteatu dira.
Metodologia: Proiektuaren helburu nagusiari erantzuteko, hainbat datu base erabili ziren. Batetik, PIO galderari erantzun ostean, deskriptoreak erabiliz (DeCS eta MeSH), bilaketa bibliografikoa burutu zen osasun arloko datu-base ezberdinak kontsultatuz: Pubmed eta Cochrane. Bestalde, web-orrietan informazio gehigarria ere bildu zen.
Garapena: Desiratu gabeko bakardadea duten emakumeei zuzenduriko Osasun Hezkuntza Programa diseinatu da. Horretarako bost saio programatu dira, non helburu pedagogikoak lortzeko hainbat jarduera metodologiko diseinatu diren. Programa 2 erizainek gidatuko dute Zarauzko Osasun Zentroan.
Ebaluazioa: Osasun Hezkuntza Programaren ebaluazioa modu jarraian egingo dute 2 erizainek. Programa osoan zehar proiektuaren prozesuaren, emaitzen eta baliabide eta egituraren ebaluazioa egingo da behaketaren eta teknika kuantitatiboen bidez.
Ekarpen pertsonala: Esperientzia pertsonaletik abiatuta, bakardadearen arloan hutsune bat dagoela ikusi dut eta gai hori jorratzea erabaki dut. Hazkuntza prozesu bat izan da, bai arlo pertsonalean eta baita profesionalean ere, nirekin eramango ditudan hainbat ikasgai jaso baititut.
Garapen iraunkorreko helburuak: Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Garapen Iraunkorreko helburuak lantzen dira. Hirugarren helburuak bat egiten du lanaren xede orokorrarekin, pertsonen ongizatea areagotzea. Bestetik, 17+1. helburuan ere laguntzen du, euskararen erabilera osasun arloan sustatzen.
Hitz gakoak: “adineko pertsona”, “osasun hezkuntza programa”, “erizaintza arreta”, “bakardadea
The Aromaticity of Osmapentalenes Derivatives – An Analysis Based on Electron-Delocalization Indices
No full textA systematic investigation of the aromatic features of the electronic structures of a family of recently synthesized osmapentalene derivatives has been carried by means of indices derived from the calculated one-electron density matrix of the corresponding geometry optimized compounds, and complemented by the analysis of the valence molecular orbitals and the delocalized bonding units emerging from the adaptive natural density partitioning method. The calculated delocalization indices between consecutive atom pairs, and normalized multicenter indices are very suggestive of the aromatic character of the equatorial fused carbon rings (except triangular ones) for all the members of the family. Since the electron-delocalization based indices allow precise quantification of the aromaticity, differences of the aromatic character among the various members have also been highlighted, and have been found to be consistent with the magnetic based criteria indices reported earlier. Finally, the valence molecular orbitals along with the delocalized bonding units of the adaptive natural density partitioning indicate that the aromaticity of these compounds is sustained by either 10 or 14 π electrons, which satisfy the Hückel aromatic electron counting rule.The authors thank for technical and human support provided by IZO-SGI (SGIker) of UPV/EHU and European funding (ERDF and ESF) and the DIPC. Financial support comes from Eusko Jaurlaritza (Basque Government) through the project IT588-22 and from Grant No. PID2020-114754GAI00 provided by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. The authors thankfully acknowledge also the computer resources at MareNostrum and the technical support provided by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center (Grant No. QHS-2022-3-0015). E. M. acknowledges funding from Agencia Española de Investigación, “FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa” (PID2022-140666NB−C21), the Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC-INV-003132) and Eusko Jaurlaritza (PIBA_2023_1_0055). Open Access funding provided by University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
Vast extension but positive outcomes, reduced but negative: complexity and nuances in evaluating land use by livestock and crops
No full text1. Livestock uses vast expanses of land but the outcome of such use is often simplistically evaluated. Considering such land use as invariably negative omits the ecological importance of herbivory, mediated either by wild or by domestic herbivores, as well as the factors such as adequate herd composition and management, or adequate governance of grazed lands, which drive to positive outcomes.
2. Five broad categories can encompass the totality of livestock systems worldwide. Three of them—extensive grazing, intensive farming reliant on the territory, and backyard systems—are traditional and display high levels of circularity and other positive sustainability traits. Two of them—improved pastures, CAFOs—arose with the large availability of cheap fossil energy that allowed them to achieve very high productivities, but creating challenges regarding sustainability. The five categories often intertwine in a single animal’s life.
3. Excessively simplified resource use analysis, such as considering exclusively the mass of main products and co-products, and not their respective economic value, can drive to a flawed identification of factors that drive the shift of food systems towards unsustainability—including both plant-based, animal-sourced, and those that provide both types of foods.
4. The role of tree plantations in expanding sustainable land uses has been sometimes misinterpreted by over-simplistic analyses, with many ecologists alerting on possible warming effects via albedo or soil carbon loss. Similarly, the high potential of silvopastoralist systems to produce food while promoting large carbon stocks remains insufficiently explored in spite of sound positive evidence.This manuscript was invited for submission by the American Society of Meat Science. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the American Society of Meat Science, the journal, or the publisher. Financial support to P.M. provided by the Spanish Government through Mar\u00EDa de Maeztu excellence accreditation 2023-2026 (Ref. CEX2021-001201-M, funded by MCIN/AEI/1013039/501100011033) and the VACUNCLIM project (Climate impacts and potential mitigation strategies for the cattle sector in Spain analyzed through a novel modeling framework, ref. num: PID2022-137631OB-I00); by the Basque Government through the BERC 2022-2024 programme; by the IUBS project \"Pastoralism As A Global Herbivory Socio-Ecosystem\"; and by the Ikerbasque programme from the Basque Government through European Union funding H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2020-101034228-WOLFRAM2. Authors thank Navin Ramankutty for a thorough peer-review that greatly improved the quality of the manuscript
Building immunocompetent cerebral organoids from a developmental perspective
No full textCerebral organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are increasingly becoming essential tools to study the human brain, from understanding pathological mechanisms in neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and infectious diseases to identifying genetic risks and biomarkers. To resemble the brain environment, cerebral organoids must contain microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain parenchyma that are essential for its homeostasis. As microglia derive from the yolk sac, they are not present in conventional brain organoids, which are generated by reprogramming iPSCs towards the neuroectodermal lineage and must be exogenously incorporated through a variety of strategies. Once in the organoid parenchyma, microglia must recapitulate their developmental milestones to achieve full immunocompetence, reaching a mature transcriptional profile and morphology, a tessellated distribution, efficient phagocytosis, and controlled inflammatory responses. In this review, we will summarize recent protocols that have been developed to generate human microglial-containing cerebral organoids (MCCOs), focusing on the methods used to assess the level of microglial maturation compared to their in vivo counterparts. We provide a series of recommendations to assess microglial immunocompetence using stringent quantitative approaches that will promote developing standardized protocols to culture MCCOs.This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation Competitiveness MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe” (RTI2018-099267-B-I00 and PID2022-136698OB-I00), Basque Government grants (IT1473-22), and an Alzheimer Association award (AARG-NTF-24-1304352) to A.S. The work of N.B.V. was supported by grant PID2021-128210OA-I00 funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN), the State Research Agency (AEI; 10.13039/501100011033), the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), and the EU, as well as Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, EU COFUND H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2020-101034228-WOLFRAM2. F.C. was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, “Programa de Generación de Conocimiento” (PID2023-146826OB-I00). P.R.G. was funded by an IKUR2030 program from the Basque Government. X.C.P. holds a Basque Government predoctoral fellowship, and M.G.D. and M.P.I. are recipients of predoctoral fellowships from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. X.C.P. and M.G.D. contributed equally to this review and the order in which their names appear in the author list was determined during a game of Brisca
Change in civic epigraphy of Phoenicia at the arrival of Rome: some preliminary remarks on public documents and their display
No full textEl artículo analiza ciertos aspectos del desarrollo de las comunidades fenicias y su cultura epigráfica durante los períodos helenístico y romano, centrándose en los documentos públicos, es decir, inscripciones emitidas en nombre del estado o de algunos de sus agentes, así como otros textos de importancia estatal, como la correspondencia imperial, por ejemplo. Se propone que rastrear la evolución de los documentos públicos locales podría contribuir a comprender los cambios socio-políticos ocurridos en Fenicia. Pueden formularse varias observaciones preliminares. A pesar de la considerable transformación que las comunidades fenicias experimentaron durante la época helenística, como el cambio lingüístico hacia el griego en las prácticas estatales, la aparición de agencias colectivas en los documentos y el surgimiento de una cultura honorífica, la actividad de las autoridades cívicas no está atestiguada epigráficamente. Los documentos públicos consisten principalmente en dedicatorias honoríficas y cultuales ofrecidas a los gobernantes helenísticos tanto por locales como por agentes imperiales. En este sentido, Fenicia sirvió como un espacio para exhibir lealtades imperiales. Aunque continuó desempeñando ese papel, durante la época romana Fenicia produjo muchas más inscripciones emitidas en nombre de autoridades cívicas. Estos textos fueron principalmente tituli honorarii dedicados mayormente a los emperadores romanos y a funcionarios imperiales. El hecho de que la mayoría de ellos estén en latín resalta la importancia del elemento romano en la vida pública de Fenicia y posiblemente implica un cierto grado de ruptura con actitudes indígenas más antiguas, coincidiendo con el establecimiento de asentamientos romanos. La escasez de documentos públicos en el registro epigráfico plantea otro problema, lo que quizás nos lleve a considerar la posibilidad de que algunos textos fueran gravados en bronce y no hayan llegado hasta nosotros.; The paper discusses certain aspects of the development of Phoenician communities and their epigraphic culture during the Hellenistic and Roman times in terms of public documents, i.e. inscriptions issued on behalf of either the state or some of its agents as well as other texts of state importance like imperial correspondence etc. It is proposed that tracing the evolution of local public documents might contribute to our understanding of the change taking place in Phoenicia on the socio-political level. Several preliminary observations can be formulated. Despite a considerable transformation Phoenician communities underwent during the Hellenistic times, with the linguistic shift to Greek in state practices, the appearance of collective agency in documents and the emergence of honorific culture, the activity of civic authorities is not attested epigraphically. Public documents are mainly honorific and cultic dedications offered to Hellenistic rulers made both by locals and imperial agents. In that respect, Phoenicia served as a space for displaying imperial allegiances. Although it continued to play that role also later, during the Roman er
Too Soon for Problem-Based Learning?: Learning Outcomes
Get PDFIn order to test whether a Problem Based Learning (PBL) intervention is less effective in the first year of a degree, a comparison between a first year subject (Introduction to Microeconomics) and a third-year one (Fiscal and Monetary Policy) has been accomplished. I examined several factors, including student participation, learning outcomes, and acquired competencies through quantitative analysis, and students’ opinions through qualitative analysis. Regarding firstly the quantitative analysis, not only overall participation but also some learning outcomes seem to reach a lower level in the first year subject. Consequently, PBL interventions seem to be more effective when they are carried out in the last phase of the degree. Second, first year students showed a much better attitude towards a PBL intervention. Therefore, despite thirdyear’s better learning outcomes, this result does not clearly suggest to prioritize PBL solely in advanced years, due to the scarce difference in results and to the fact that in the first year the challenge of the acquisition of competences is more relevant
Developing Simple Models for Analysing Energy Performance of Buildings at Neighbourhood Scale Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Get PDF270 p.This PhD Thesis focuses on developing and validating simple models for estimating the heating demand of buildings at the neighborhood scale, utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and publicly available data. In light of the urgent need to improve energy efficiency in the building sector, the research investigates various algorithms that balance simplicity and accuracy, applying both machine learning techniques and traditional statistical methods. Direct and indirect regression approaches are proposed and compared, along with different algorithm configurations and input variables. A case study illustrates the application of these models in an urban context, evaluating energy renovation strategies that could reduce thermal demand by over 50%. While these simplified models do not replace detailed simulation tools, they provide a valuable alternative for rapid assessments in urban planning. The findings support sustainable urban development and support decision-makers in their efforts to reduce energy consumption
Practicas, identidad profesional y patrimonio cultural en futuros docentes
No full text237 p.La tesis profundiza en la identidad profesional de los futuros licenciados en educación, en su conocimiento y valoración del patrimonio cultural y en la influencia que tiene en la conformación de las dos variables anteriores, la ejecución de las prácticas escolares realizadas durante su formación inicial. Teniendo como contexto una universidad pública mexicana ubicada en el estado de Yucatán.Se optó por la metodología de investigación mixta y su desarrollo práctico se afrontó desde dos estudios interrelacionados, el primero más genérico y de carácter cuantitativo, cuya finalidad se enfocó en medir el nivel deidentidad profesional docente de 180 estudiantes de educación de un programa de formación inicial, a partir de las dimensiones: personal y social, medir el nivel conocimiento y la valoración que desde sus opiniones tienen sobre el patrimonio y determinar correlaciones entre las dimensiones de dichas variables y sus respectivas dimensiones, lo cual se llevó a cabo mediante la recolección de datos por medio de un cuestionario y el segundo, complementario al anterior, más fenomenológico y de carácter cualitativo, que se enfocó en determinar la contribución de las prácticas realizadas durante la formación inicial de los licenciados en educación a la identificación con su futura profesión y al conocimiento y valoración de su patrimonio cultural, para lo cual se realizaron entrevistas a 8 futuros licenciados en educación.Los resultados muestran que un porcentaje significativo de participantes (98%) tienen un nivel alto de identificación con su futura profesión;es decir, conocen el significado social y teórico de docente, así como el perfil que este debe cumplir para ser considerado bueno, por otra parte reconocen las tareas que corresponden a este profesional y manifiestan sentirse felices y satisfechos por la formación que están recibiendo y comprometidos con su futura labor. También, consideran que la labor docente es valorada y reconocida por sus familiares, amigos, pero no por la sociedad en general, creen que las relaciones que establecen con sus profesores y autoridades de su universidad como de otras instituciones con los que han interactuado durante la gestión o realización de prácticas son cordiales, de confianza y cooperación. El 76% de los participantes posee de medio a alto nivel de conocimiento acerca de patrimonio cultural, pues conoce el significado del mismo, identifica los bienes materiales, inmateriales y son capaces de dar ejemplos correctos de estos, el 96% de los futuros profesionales de la educación posee una valoración media/alta de su patrimonio cultural, manifestando sentimientos positivos y acciones encaminadas a conocerlo, difundirlo, cuidarlo, preservarlo, reconociendo la importancia de todo lo anterior para su formación y futura labor. Desde la perspectiva de los participantes, las prácticas escolares que realizan sí contribuyen a su identidad profesional docente, expresan que también existen algunas prácticas que contribuyen a conocer y valorar su patrimonio cultural, pero estás son mínimas.Finalmente la tesis presenta a manera de conclusiones una serie de reflexiones en torno a la importancia de la etapa de la formación inicial para la conformación de la identidad profesional, así como del potencial de las prácticas para este fin y para favorecer el conocimiento y valoración del patrimonio cultural en los futuros docentes. Se enfatiza el reto que tienen las universidades encargadas de dicha formación en la revalorización de sus currículos y la inclusión de prácticas continuen promoviendo identificación de los estudiantes con su futura labor, así como de aquellas que contribuyan a formar educadores cuyo conocimiento y valoración de su patrimonio les permita promover su preservación
Landscapes—a lens for assessing sustainability
Get PDFContext: There are urgent calls to transition society to more sustainable trajectories, at scales ranging from local to global. Landscape sustainability (LS), or the capacity for landscapes to provide equitable access to ecosystem services essential for human wellbeing for both current and future generations, provides an operational approach to monitor these transitions. However, the complexity of landscapes complicates how and what to consider when assessing LS. Objectives: To identify important features of landscapes that remain challenging to consider in LS assessments and provide guidance to strengthen future assessments. Methods: We conducted two workshops to identify the complex features of landscapes that remain under-considered in LS assessments, and developed guidelines on how to better incorporate these features. Results: We identify open and connected boundaries and diversity of values as landscape features that must be better considered in LS assessments or risk exacerbating offstage sustainability burdens and power inequalities. We provide guidelines to avoid these pitfalls which emphasize assessing ecosystem service interactions across interconnected landscapes and incorporating local actors’ diverse values. Conclusions: Our guidelines provide a stepping stone for researchers and practitioners to better incorporate landscape complexities into LS assessments to inform landscape-level decisions and actions. © The Author(s) 2025.The workshops that generated this paper were funded by the McGill Sustainability Systems Initiative Landscapes Theme, McGill University. AB and MFL acknowledge the support of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG-FZT 118, 202548816). MFL also acknowledges that her contract is part of the RYC2021-032828-I Grant, financed by MCIN/AEI/https:// doi. org/ 10. 13039/ 50110 00110 33 and by the European Union “NextGenerationEU”/ PRTR. SL acknowledges support from ANR project RECONNECT. JPM was funded by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPQ, 309767/2021-0). GW acknowledges support from the EU’s Horizon 2020 programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101024588. UP acknowledges Basque Centre for Climate Change’s Maria de Maeztu excellence accreditation 2023–2026 (Ref no. CEX2021-001201-M) provided by Grant No. MCIN/ AEI/https:// doi. org/ 10. 13039/ 50110 00110 33. BG acknowledges The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through the Discovery Grant programme (Grant number: RGPIN/03440-2021)