ADDI
Not a member yet
47763 research outputs found
Sort by
Superconductivity in barium hydrides via incorporation of light elements
Get PDFBarium hydrides are of interest for their potential in both ionic conductivity and superconductivity. Recently, a superconducting hydride BaH12 containing H2 and H3−1 molecular units was experimentally reported with a critical temperature of 20 K at 140 GPa [W. Chen et al., Nat. Commun. 12, 273 (2021)]. Herein, we combine ab initio methods with a rapid calculator of based on the networking value model to predict that the introduction of light elements, such as Be, can effectively expand the structure diversity and structure space of barium hydrides. Although molecular hydrogen units are still widely present in thermodynamically stable and metastable crystal structures, we find that a metastable phase of BeBaH8 shows a high of 49 K at 100 GPa, which is only 38 meV/atom above the thermodynamic stability energy. This BeBaH8 remains dynamically stable at 15 GPa. Furthermore, our study shows that increasing pressure can further elevate beyond 100 K by enhancing the electron-phonon coupling constant. Our study proposes a feasible method for broadening the structural landscape in the exploration of superconducting phases of barium hydrides.This work is supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No. 802533), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grant No. PID2022142861NA-I00), the Department of Education, Universities and Research of the Eusko Jaurlaritza and the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU (Grant No. IT1527-22), the IKUR Strategy-High Performance Computing and Artificial Intelligence (HPC&AI) 2025-2026 of the Department of Science, Universities and Innovation of the Basque Government (Grant No. HPCAI21: AI-CrysPred), and Simons Foundation through the Collaboration on New Frontiers in Superconductivity. Y.-W.F. was also supported by Extraordinary Grant of CSIC (Grant No. 2025ICT122). We acknowledge EuroHPC for granting us access to Lumi located in CSC's data center in Kajaani, Finland (Project ID No. EHPC-REG-2024R01-084) and to RES for giving us access to MareNostrum5, Spain (Project ID No. FI-2024-2-0035)
All you can view: Análisis de la transformación del consumo audiovisual a través de Netflix
Get PDFThe objective of this research is to identify the key factors behind the success of streaming platforms and social media networks like TikTok, using a mixed methodology based on a literature review and participant observation through twelve expert interviews. The significant increase in low-quality but easily accessible content is confirmed, where its promotion inside and outside social networks carries more weight than the product itself. The research confirms that platforms have abandoned the model of offering a limited selection of products, transforming into an all-you-can-eat buffet where quantity takes precedence.; El objetivo de esta investigación es encontrar las claves del éxito de las plataformas de streaming y de redes sociales como TikTok, mediante el uso de una metodología mixta basada en la revisión bibliográfica y la observación participante a través de doce entrevistas a expertos. Se confirma el gran aumento de contenidos de baja calidad pero de fácil acceso, cuya promoción dentro y fuera de las redes tiene más peso que el propio producto. La investigación constata que las plataformas han abandonado el modelo de oferta limitada para convertirse en un bufé libre en el que prima la cantidad
New data on text reading in English as a second language
Get PDFPublished online 12th March, 2025.This paper reports an expansion of the English as a second language (L2) component of the Multilingual Eye Movement Corpus (MECO L2), an international database of eye movements during text reading. While the previous Wave 1 of the MECO project (Kuperman et al., 2023) contained English as a L2 reading data from readers with 12 different first language (L1) backgrounds, the newly collected dataset adds eye-tracking data on English text reading from 13 distinct L1 backgrounds (N = 660) as well as participants’ scores on component skills of English proficiency and information about their demographics and language background and use. The paper reports reliability estimates, descriptive statistics, and correlational analyses as means to validate the expansion dataset. Consistent with prior literature and the MECO Wave 1, trends in the MECO Wave 2 data include a weak correlation between reading comprehension and oculomotor measures of reading fluency and a greater L1-L2 contrast in reading fluency than reading comprehension. Jointly with Wave 1, the MECO project includes English reading data from more than 1,200 readers representing a diversity of native writing systems (logographic, abjad, abugida, and alphabetic) and 19 distinct L1 backgrounds. We provide multiple pointers to new venues of how L2 reading researchers can mine this rich publicly available dataset.Research reported in this publication was supported by the following grants and organizations: Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Partnered Research Training Grant, 895-2016-1008 (primary investigator [PI]: G. Libben); Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Insight Grant, 435-2021-0657; Canada Research Chair (Tier 2; PI: V. Kuperman); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, 01| S20043 (PI: L. A. Jäger); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) of Brazil Project 316036/2021-8 (PI: R. Rothe-Neves); Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Obel Family Foundation Research Equipment Grant to Aalborg University, 2017 (PI: H. B. S. Knudsen); UK Research and Innovation Economic and Social Research Council South Coast Doctoral Training Partnership, ES/P000673/1; Project Fondecyt Regular by the National Research and Development Agency (ANID-CHILE), 1201440 (PI: R. Ibáñez Orellana); Project Fondecyt de Postdoctorado by the National Research and Development Agency (ANID-CHILE), 3210252 (PI: A. Santana Covarrubias); Chinese Language and Technology Center, National Taiwan Normal University, within the Higher Education Sprout Project framework by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan (PI: Y. T. Sung); Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University); Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia; Israel Science Foundation Grant, project 1034/23 (PI: N. Siegelman), and Azrieli Early Career Faculty Fellowship (PI: N. Siegelman)
Accesibilidad y autonomía en el aprendizaje: estudio del proceso de manufactura en 3D adaptado al alumnado con capacidad visual reducida
No full textEn los últimos años, el enorme potencial educativo y social de la tecnología de modelado e impresión 3D ha sido expuesto. No obstante, su uso para el alumnado con capacidad visual reducida o ceguera está bastante limitado. La iniciativa de colaboración H3D (Hezkuntzaren 3 Dimentsioak) surge con el propósito de poner esta tecnología al servicio de la sociedad, haciéndolos así mismo, partícipes de la creación de soluciones reales. En el marco de este proyecto, se ha desarrollado un trabajo de investigación, diseño y modelado de piezas tridimensionales, así como una evaluación del proceso de manufactura en 3D destinado a mejorar la capacidad de producción de recursos educativos y accesibilidad de material al servicio de apoyo IBT-CRI Donostia con el fin de facilitar el aprendizaje al alumnado con dificultad visual.
Para ello, una previa investigación sobre las prácticas de las tecnologías 3D accesibles y funcionales para personas con baja visión ha sido necesaria, así como la búsqueda de mecanismos que permitan mejorar la calidad, utilidad y experiencia de uso de estas piezas. Posteriormente, se han diseñado e impreso piezas, abordando distintos niveles educativos, desde infantil hasta bachillerato, teniendo en cuenta el enfoque STEAM, buscando la manipulación libre y autodidacta por parte de los usuarios. Junto con la memoria de este proyecto, se ha liberado bajo una licencia de acceso abierto un repositorio 3D que incluyen diversas piezas educativas modeladas en Blender, así como resultados experimentales del ámbito de la manufactura en 3D. Dichas evidencias demuestran que la mejor manera de optimizar filamento para impresión de material educativo es mantener una densidad de relleno reducida en torno al 10 %, priorizar configuraciones de capa fina con un grosor de 0.1 mm y, sobre todo, diseñar estructuras con geometrías adecuadas que garanticen resistencia ante impactos, sin necesidad de un consumo excesivo de material.
Este proyecto no solo ha ayudado a generar conocimiento y desarrollar competencias tecnológicas, sino que también ha promovido valores como la inclusión, la empatía, la responsabilidad social y el aprovechamiento del material para impresión 3D. Con esta iniciativa, se ha demostrado el potencial transformador de la informática y la innovación, contribuyendo a la construcción de una sociedad más inclusiva y equitativa
Desarrollo de un videojuego de ajedrez en Unity con soporte para realidad virtual
No full textEn los últimos años, las tecnologías inmersivas como la realidad virtual, aumentada y mixta han ganado protagonismo en múltiples sectores, desde la industria y la educación hasta el entretenimiento. Sin embargo, muchas personas aún desconocen su funcionamiento y su potencial. Este Trabajo Fin de Grado se enmarca dentro de este contexto y tiene como objetivo desarrollar una aplicación interactiva que integre una de estas tecnologías: la realidad virtual.
El proyecto consiste en el diseño y desarrollo de un videojuego de ajedrez en tres dimensiones, implementado con el motor Unity. La primera fase del desarrollo ha sido la creación de los modelos 3D con el programa Blender. La segunda fase, la implementación de la lógica del juego, la interfaz y los distintos modos de juego en una versión sin realidad virtual en Unity. Finalmente, se ha incorporado soporte para realidad virtual mediante la integración de OpenXR y otros componentes del ecosistema XR de Unity, adaptando las interacciones para controladores VR y manteniendo la misma lógica de juego.
El resultado del proyecto es una aplicación con dos versiones diferentes: una versión tradicional (teclado y ratón) y una versión inmersiva en realidad virtual (visor VR). Esta última permite a la jugadora o jugador interactuar con las piezas de ajedrez y elementos del entorno de forma natural, utilizando controladores de realidad virtual.
El proyecto sienta las bases para futuras ampliaciones, como el soporte multijugador, la integración de un motor de ajedrez o la adaptación a entornos de realidad mixta
Effect of Slurry Acidification In-House by a Dynamic Spraying System on Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Pig-Fattening Farms in Hot Summer Climates
No full textAnimal production generates gas emissions. It is imperative to reduce them as projections suggest that emissions will continue to increase with rising temperatures, alongside the intensification of agriculture to meet global food demand. Slurry acidification in-house can reduce these emissions. In this study, an acidification technology was installed in a pig-fattening barn to evaluate the influence of the addition of a mixture of organic acids, mainly lactic acid and glycolic acid, on NH3 and GHG emissions. A total of 384 pigs were allocated to four experimental rooms, two with additive applied to the slurry pits by a spraying system and two as a control. In high-temperature conditions, the spraying system discharged additive over the slurry which, in contrast with other systems, was stored inside the rooms during the whole trial. The concentration of NH3 and GHG, the temperature, and the air extraction rate were measured continuously. A significant reduction in the emissions of the gases evaluated was achieved. NH3 emissions were reduced by 26.8%, CH4 by 23.6%, N2O by 25.0%, and CO2 by 28.7%. The role of the dynamic spraying system is considered essential to prevent the acidification effect being reversed by the buffering effect of the slurry itself.The authors would like to thank Miguel Ángel Ibañez, working in Statistics at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, for his advice on the statistical analysis of the results
Efecto del DMSO en la tasa de aclaramiento de juveniles de ostra plana (Ostrea edulis)
No full text[ES] El dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) se emplea en ecotoxicología para disolver contaminantes orgánicos, por lo que muchos estudios incluyen un control con este disolvente, lo que aumenta el uso de animales, recursos y residuos. Aunque el DMSO se considera de baja toxicidad en concentraciones moderadas, sus efectos en moluscos bivalvos han sido poco estudiados. Este trabajo evaluó su toxicidad en la ostra plana (Ostrea edulis) para determinar si es necesario el control con DMSO en ensayos ecotoxicológicos. Se realizaron dos experimentos con tres condiciones: control (sin DMSO), baja concentración (0,88 g/L) y alta concentración (4,4 g/L), equivalentes a una y cinco veces la concentración más alta de contaminante usada habitualmente. El primer experimento estudió el efecto del DMSO a lo largo del tiempo y el segundo analizó sus efectos agudos y crónicos, con y sin DMSO durante las mediciones. Se empleó la tasa de aclaramiento (CR) como biomarcador fisiológico. No se detectaron efectos significativos. Por lo tanto, podría eliminarse el control con DMSO, reduciendo en un 33 % el uso de animales, recursos y residuos en nuestras instalaciones.[EN] Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used in ecotoxicology to dissolve organic contaminants, so many studies include a control with this solvent, which increases the use of animals, resources, and waste. Although DMSO is considered to be of low toxicity at moderate concentrations, its effects on bivalve molluscs have been little studied. This study evaluated its toxicity in the flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) to determine whether DMSO control is necessary in ecotoxicological tests. Two experiments were conducted with three conditions: control (without DMSO), low concentration (0,88 g/L) and high concentration (4,4 g/L), equivalent to one and five times the highest concentration of contaminant commonly used. The first experiment studied the effect of DMSO over time, and the second analysed its acute and chronic effects, with and without DMSO during measurements. The clearance rate (CR) was used as a physiological biomarker. No significant effects were detected. Therefore, the DMSO control could be eliminated, reducing the use of animals, resources and waste in our facilities by 33 %
Biomolecule-based porous zirconium metal-organic materials. Structure-property relationships
No full text380 p.Scientific interest in porous materials has witnessed exceptional growth over thepast few decades, driven by the need for tuneable, stable, and functional frameworksin applications such as drug delivery, environmental remediation, catalysis, and gasstorage, among others. In this context, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) haveemerged as a particularly promising class of crystalline, porous materials formed bythe coordination of metal clusters and organic ligands. Their modular and highlytailorable nature allows for the design of materials with controlled pore sizes,topologies, and surface functionalities. More recently, supramolecular metal-organicframeworks (SMOFs) have attracted attention as an emerging class of porousmaterials analogous to conventional MOFs, distinguished primarily by the nature oftheir bonding. While MOFs rely on directional, covalent bonding to create a robustmetal-ligand-metal connectivity, SMOFs are constructed through non-covalentsupramolecular interactions such as ¿¿¿ stackings, Van der Waals forces, electrostaticcharge, and hydrogen bonding, which impart greater flexibility, adaptability, andreversibility.Against this backdrop, the following PhD thesis focuses on the design, synthesisand characterization of both MOF- and SMOF-type materials. To that end, zirconiumwas selected as the metal precursor due to the exceptional thermal and chemicalstability shown by its clusters, as well as its ability to form highly connected, robustnetworks. The incorporation of biomolecules such as amino acids or carboxylic acidderivatives as the organic components of these frameworks introduces additionalcomplexity and functionality to the resulting frameworks. In particular,monocarboxylic amino acids prevent the extension of covalently bonded metalligand-metal connectivity, resulting in the formation of discrete entities. These areassembled together through the hydrogen bonding involving their pendant aminogroups (protonated by the acidic synthesis conditions), water molecules and trappedchloride anions. This protonation and the inherent chiral nature of amino acids conferpotential proton conductivity and enantioselective properties, features investigated inChapter 3.Conversely, the dicarboxylic mercaptosuccinic acid molecule allows forconventional MOF-type expansion due to its ability to bridge zirconium clustersthrough both of its carboxylate groups. Notably, its thiol pendant groups remainuncoordinated in the resulting frameworks, thereby preserving its reactivity andenabling further investigation into their chelating capacity. This feature has beenexploited for the adsorption of arsenic species from aqueous solutions. This heavymetal has been previously studied as an anticancer metallodrug and, thus, hereinpresented frameworks have been tested for their potential use as drug deliverysystems. In order to do so, the biocompatibility of the carriers and cytotoxicity of theloaded systems was evaluated against HeLa cells. The results revealed that theframeworks by themselves could not alter the proliferation of HeLa cells but did sowhen loaded with arsenic. More information about the potential of these compoundsas both adsorbents and metallodrugs carriers is detailed in Chapter 4.Chapter 1 offers an overview of the research context and objectives, while Chapter2 summarizes the characterization techniques employed. Chapter 5 concludes with asummary of the key findings and their implications.In summary, this thesis presents a versatile synthetic approach to Zr-based porousmaterials using biologically relevant ligands, yielding a series of MOF and SMOFsystems with distinct structural, chemical, and functional characteristics. The findingscontribute to a growing understanding of how covalent/non-covalent interactions andligand design can be strategically leveraged to create porous materials with tuneableproperties for targeted applications in separation, sensing, and biomedicine
Unveiling pervasive assumptions: moving beyond the poverty-biodiversity loss association in conservation
No full textThis paper reflects on the continued persistence of the idea in conservation research and practice that poverty drives biodiversity loss (the poverty-biodiversity loss association [PBLA]). We draw on evidence to show how the PBLA has proven resistant to counter-evidence and is particularly visible at local-level implementation, and is often implicit in conservation strategies. We untangle three underlying reasons that help to explain why the PBLA has persisted under a verisimilitude (seeming truth) that can leave it hiding in plain sight. In doing so, we offer conservation science and practice the means to recognise and thereby remedy this thinking where it exists, and in so doing, advance conservation towards its aims of equitable and effective delivery. We outline how the Connected Conservation model may be better equipped to challenge the disproportionate role of wealth in biodiversity decline whilst empowering biodiversity stewards and their plural knowledge, values and governance systems.RC acknowledges funding from the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council (grant number AH/X001733/1) as part of the TransAtlantic Platform research initiative. JR acknowledges funding support from the International Climate Initiative (IKI) of the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) grant (18_IV_084) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Forest and Biodiversity Office. UP acknowledges Maria de Maeztu excellence accreditation 2023-2026 (Ref. CEX2021-001201-M), funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. JGZ acknowledges funding from the Wyss Academy for Nature, University of Bern, Switzerland. We are grateful to Iokine Rodriguez and Tiza Mfuni for insightful feedback and discussions on earlier versions of this manuscript, and to Svitlana Lavrenciuc for help in producing the conceptual figure
Chemomechanical biomass fractionation: A potential green valorization alternative
No full textLignocellulosic biomass has gained significant attention as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, driven by the need for renewable energy sources and climate change mitigation. This study explored the use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents composed of choline chloride and lactic acid (ChCl:LA) for the pretreatment of eucalyptus biomass with ball milling applied as an intensification technique. An experimental design optimized temperature and time for the traditional oil bath pretreatment, establishing the baseline conditions for comparison. In the subsequent phase, various experiments were conducted using the ball mill, where milling time, speed, and the number of milling balls were adjusted. The study highlights the potential of integrating mechanical and chemical pretreatments to improve lignin extraction and biomass fractionation. The results demonstrate that ball milling significantly enhances delignification efficiency, reduces processing time, and lowers energy consumption compared to conventional methods. The findings suggest that optimizing ball mill parameters can achieve comparable lignin removal levels with reduced solubility, offering an effective and scalable approach for biomass processing.The authors want to acknowledge the financial support provided by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and, as appropriate, by "ERDF A way of making Europe" by the European Union, under project reference PID2021-122937OB-I00, as well as the support from) the Department of Education of the Basque Government (IT1498–22)