ADDI
Not a member yet
47763 research outputs found
Sort by
Polymerase Chain Reaction. Perturbation Theory and Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence-Experimental Microbiome Analysis: Applications to Ancient DNA and Tree Soil Metagenomics Cases of Study
Full text linkThe exponential growth of genomic data has created a pressing need for methods capable of interpreting complex biological information, especially in fields like paleogenomics and environmental metagenomics. Ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis faces challenges such as degradation and contamination, while soil metagenomic DNA (soDNA) analysis is hindered by microbial diversity and incomplete reference databases. To address these limitations, this study proposes the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Perturbation Theory and Machine Learning (PTML) methodology, which integrates machine learning with Perturbation Theory to analyze genetic sequences without the need for alignment. Two models are developed: the first classifies bacterial aDNA sequences extracted from Miocene amber; the second predicts tree health using microbial gene abundance in forest soils. Both rely on entropy-based descriptors (θk) and structural differences (Δθk) between query and reference sequences, which serve as perturbation operators for supervised learning algorithms. This approach allows the detection of meaningful patterns even without complete genomic references. The aDNA model achieves 99.65% sensitivity and 99.81% specificity, while the soDNA model reaches 98.85% sensitivity and 92.56% specificity. These results confirm the robustness and applicability of PCR.PTML in diverse genomic contexts, presenting it as a valuable tool for ancient DNA classification and environmental metagenomics analysis.These authors, J.L.R. and E.A., contributed equally to this work. This project was funded by grants INCITE07PXI203141ES (Conselleria de Industria, Xunta de Galicia, Spain) and BFU2009-07745 (MINECO, Spain). Likewise, the authors recognize the support of the National Science Foundation under the NSF MRI award OAC-2019077, and support by the State of North Dakota. CCAST HPC System supercomputing support at NDSU is acknowledged. In addition, the work was partly supported by Basque Government/Eusko Jaurlaritza (IT1558-22) and (IT1648-22), SPRI ELKARTEK grants AIMOFGIF (KK-2022/00032), Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2022-137365NB-I00), and LANBIDE, INVESTIGO, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Grants, IKERDATA 2022/IKER/000040, funded by NextGenerationEU funds of European Commission, and Xunta de Galicia Consolidated group, grant ED431C 2022/46. JCY and RE are members of the Spanish climate-induced forest decline (ReDec) funded by MCIN/AEI (grant RED2024-153822-T), as well as from the projects PID2020-113244GB-C21 and PID2020-113244GA-C22 projects (both funded by MCIN/ AEI /10.13039/501100011033). Also the authors recognize the funding support of the following research groups and centers of The University of A Coruña (UDC): Software Engineering Lab (ISLA), Artificial Neuron Networks and Adaptative Systems – Medical Imaging and Radiological Diagnosis (RNASA- IMEDIR), the Centre for Information and Communications Technology Research (CITIC) and Center for Technological Innovation in Construction and Civil Engineering (CITEEC)
Vulnerability and food insecurity in the light of climate change: a comprehensive framework for the household context
Full text linkAgrifood systems are relevant contributors to climate change and additional ecological pressures like biodiversity loss, while also being affected by them. Recent disruptive events, such as the Covid-19 crisis, the war in Ukraine and the rise of climate extreme events, have revealed structural vulnerabilities that hinder the capacity of these systems to provide healthy and nutritious diets, particularly for the most vulnerable populations. As a result, household food security has become a focal research point in the Global North, leading to the emergence of diverse concepts and methodologies to capture the complexity underlying agrifood vulnerabilities and, in turn, food insecurity. While such concepts capture many complex dynamics, none of them provides a complete picture. This highlights the need for a framework that provides the full range of factors and interactions contributing to household food insecurity, with careful attention to contextualisation and intersectional approaches. Building on an exhaustive literature review, this paper proposes such an integrated framework and argues that household food insecurity emerges from overlapping and interconnected drivers stemming from multiple dimensions.IE is grateful for the support of the Department of Education of the Basque Government through grant IT 1567-22 Ekopol Research Group (UPV/EHU)
Controls on magma dynamics and emplacement in shallow faulted sediments: Insights from the Cretaceous Armintza Sill (Basque-Cantabrian rift basin, western Pyrenees)
Full text linkMagmatic and clastic sills are common elements in rift sedimentary basins worldwide. Many documented magmatic sills are based on seismic interpretations, which, owing to limited resolution and imaging constraints, provide only partial insights into their emplacement mechanisms and magma dynamics. This contribution presents detailed field results from a 1.3-km long coastal outcrop of a Cretaceous (Albian) igneous sill occurring in rifted sediments of the western Pyrenees. This sheet, previously interpreted as a lava flow, shows many diagnostic features that indicate it intruded in organic-rich wet sediments, constituting a sill (the Armintza Sill). Detailed mapping assisted by drone imagery of the sill, host succession and pre-existing faults shows that the sill is composed of magma fingers arranged in a fault-block pattern. Concordant magma fingers were emplaced by thermal fluidization of host sediment due to flash boiling of pore waters, aided by contact metamorphism-induced fluid generation and overpressuring. We suggest that fluid overpressure also caused transient uplift of the thin overburden, leading to the nucleation of inelastic damage along the pre-existing faults, facilitating magma ascent up fault. Progressive up-fault verticalization of the σ₃ orientation and reduction of inelastic damage likely created a partial barrier near the upper part of the faults, leading to significant flow thickening, deceleration, and diversion. The similarity between these features of the Armintza Sill and those observed in lava flows that interacted with topographic obstacles is interpreted to be the result of near-zero effective stresses in the host sediments.This study was supported by Eusko Jaurlaritza (Ikerketa Taldeak IT1602-22) and the Spanish State Research Agency (projects PID2019-105670GB I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and PID2024-156029NB-I00; both to L.M. Agirrezabala)
Pastoral governance hierarchies shape vegetation dynamics in Lebanon's high-elevation rangelands
Full text linkLivestock grazing is often framed as a driver for biodiversity loss, but its ecological effects depend on the governance systems that mediate access to rangelands. While most studies focus on grazing intensity, little attention has been given to how governance hierarchies shape vegetation outcomes. We investigated plant community composition and specialization traits in the semi-natural tragacanth vegetation of Lebanon’s Sannine–Kneisseh Important Plant Area, testing whether increasing governance hierarchy is associated with floristic degradation. Using floristic data from 164 plots under three governance regimes (sovereign commons, private property rentals, and clan-brokered land access), we classified vegetation subtypes with Total Differential Value optimization and validated them using environmental variables and plant specialization traits.
Governance type was significantly associated with floristic composition but not with species richness. Sovereign commons supported distinctive assemblages with minimal disturbance signatures, while clan-brokerage systems exhibited higher representation of synanthropic species and compositional degradation. Private property rentals showed intermediate patterns, reflecting both environmental context and landlord incentives. These findings highlight that degradation in high-elevation rangelands manifests more through shifts in composition than richness loss. We conclude that governance hierarchies mediate ecological sustainability in nuanced ways, and we recommend governance-sensitive co-designed interventions such as protected landscape approaches and plant micro-reserves, to protect biodiversity in Mediterranean mountain rangelands under increasing land-use pressure.We thank the shepherds and local communities of the Sannine-Kneisseh region for their openness and invaluable insights into land use and pastoral governance. We are especially grateful to the field rangers affiliated with Jouzour Loubnan, who kindly granted access to fenced restoration plots and supported fieldwork with local guidance. We also thank Professor Salma Talhouk, Principal Investigator of the IPAMed Project in Lebanon, for her support and for granting access to the 2017 floristic dataset. In Lebanon, the IPAMed Project was coordinated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the Nature Conservation Center at the American University of Beirut. We further acknowledge Associate Professor Sylvain Perdigon, Principal Investigator of the Sheep from the Future project, funded by the WEFRAH (Water-Energy-Food-Health Nexus) Renewable Resources Initiative at the American University of Beirut. The lead author’s involvement in this project was instrumental in shaping the research presented here, particularly by revealing the diversity and complexity of pastoral governance systems in Lebanon. We also thank the Centre for Middle Eastern Plants at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh for developing the habitat description methodology that informed our floristic survey design and data collection protocols. This research was supported by the Doctoral Programme in Interdisciplinary Environmental Sciences at the University of Helsinki. Fieldwork would not have been possible without logistical support from local institutions and municipal authorities
Vieja nobleza y compromiso político: El marqués de Alcañices y la restauración alfonsina.
No full textLa vieja aristocracia española se siguió viendo a sí misma como una clase rectora en los estados liberales del siglo xix. Sobre ella pesaba una obligación moral que le exigía comprome-terse con el devenir político de la nación, de la que se sentía partícipe, pero a la vez debía mante-ner su privilegiado estatus social como elite dominante. Durante el Sexenio Democrático este com-promiso político tuvo que materializarse en la apuesta dinástica que este grupo social defendió en torno a Alfonso de Borbón. El marqués de Alcañices se erigió como cabeza de la oposición política de la alta nobleza a los gobiernos surgidos tras la revolución de 1868, asumiendo el liderazgo so-cial de la empresa alfonsina de la Restauración. El presente trabajo persigue analizar la trayectoria biográfica de este grande de España entre 1872 y 1875 para observar el papel que desempeñó en la operación política que acabó devolviendo el trono a la dinastía que había reinado en España desde el siglo XVIII.; Espainiako garai bateko aristokraziak bere burua klase zuzentzaile gisa ikusten ja-rraitu zuen xix. mendeko estatu liberaletan. Nazioaren bilakaera politikoarekin konpromisoa hartzea eskatzen zion betebehar moral bat zuen gainean, nazioko partaide sentitzen baitzen. Aldi berean, elite nagusi gisa zuen estatus sozial pribilegiatuari eutsi behar zion, ordea. Seiurteko Demokratikoak iraun zuen bitartean, konpromiso politiko hori gizarte talde horrek Alfontso Borboikoaren inguruan defen-datu zuen apustu dinastikoan egikaritu behar izan zen. 1868ko iraultzaren ondoren sortutako gober-nuekiko goi nobleziak zuen oposizio politikoaren buru bihurtu zen Alcañicesko markesa, Berrezarkun-tzaren ekintza alfontsotarraren lidergo soziala bere gain hartuz. Lan honek Espainiako handi horrek 1872tik 1875era bitartean egindako ibilbide biografikoa aztertzea du xede, xviii. mendeaz geroztik Es-painian erreinatu zuen dinastiari berriro ere tronua itzuli zion operazio politikoan izan zuen eginkizu-nari erreparatzeko.; The ancient Spanish aristocracy continued to view itself as a ruling class in the lib-eral states of the 19th century. They had a moral obligation that required them to commit their-selves to the political future of the nation, of which they felt a part, but at the same time they had to maintain their privileged social status as a dominant elite. During the Sexenio Democratico this political commitment had to materialize in the dynastic bet that this social group defended around Alfonso de Borbón. As head of the political opposition of the ancient nobility to the governments that emerged after the revolution of 1868, the Marquis of Alcañices assumed the social leadership of the alphonsine mission of the Restoration. This paper aims to analyze the biographical trajec-tory of this Grandee of Spain between 1872 and 1875 to observe the role he played in the political operation that ended returning the throne to the dynasty that had reigned in Spain since the 18th century
URQUIJO GOITIA, Mikel (ed.), Historia del Consejo de Ministros y de la Presidencia del Gobierno de España (1823-2013), Sílex, Madrid, 2025, 546 pp
No full textMetodología MeiA: innovación en el desarrollo de software de control para sistemas de producción automatizados
No full text115 p.La metodología MeiA presenta un alto interés científico al proponer un marco metodológico integral para el desarrollo de software de control en sistemas de producción automatizados, combinando de forma coherente la ingeniería de software, la ingeniería de automatización y los principales modelos de referencia para la digitalización industrial. Su alineamiento con estándares internacionales ampliamente aceptados y su enfoque basado en componentes encapsulados con gemelos funcionales contribuyen al avance del conocimiento en la convergencia IT/OT, la modularidad, la reutilización y la validación del software de control, aspectos clave en sistemas industriales complejos y evolutivos. El público objetivo de MeiA abarca tanto el ámbito académico como el industrial. Está dirigida a personal investigador y grupos de I D en automatización y digitalización industrial, a profesionales de la automatización, integración de sistemas y a las personas responsables de ingeniería y producción que desarrollan o mantienen sistemas basados en PLC. Asimismo, resulta especialmente relevante para el profesorado y el estudiantado de ingeniería, al proporcionar una metodología estructurada y alineada con la práctica industrial, y para las PYME, que necesitan guías y herramientas que faciliten su transformación digital de manera progresiva y segura. En cuanto a su posible alcance comercial, MeiA presenta un elevado potencial de transferencia a la industria al apoyarse en el estándar IEC 61131-3, lo que facilita su adopción en entornos industriales existentes sin requerir cambios tecnológicos disruptivos. Su aplicación permite reducir tiempos y costes de desarrollo, puesta en marcha y mantenimiento mediante la reutilización de componentes, plantillas y generación de código. Esto abre oportunidades para su explotación a través de herramientas software, servicios de consultoría y formación, así como bibliotecas de componentes reutilizables, siendo aplicable a distintos sectores industriales y especialmente atractiva para organizaciones que buscan aumentar su competitividad, flexibilidad y sostenibilidad
Facebook y el "Patrimonio infinito" de la escuela
Full text linkIn the digital era, alumni groups have found in social networks a new space to maintain links and reminisce about their school past. This study focuses on 23 Facebook groups related to religious schools in the Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia. The initial results suggest that the members of these groups simultaneously assume the role of consumer of a historiographic product, as well as participate, with their contributions, to build a space of memory where a historical-educational heritage is presented, disseminated and interpreted that, in many cases, is not located in the archives or official museums.; En la era digital, las agrupaciones de antiguos alumnos han encontrado en las redes sociales, un nuevo espacio para mantener vínculos y rememorar su pasado escolar. Este estudio pone el foco en 23 agrupaciones de Facebook relacionadas con colegios religiosos de las Illes Balears, Catalunya y País Valencià. Los resultados iniciales apuntan a que los integrantes de estas agrupaciones asumen simultáneamente el papel de consumidor de un producto de carácter historiográfico, así como participan, con sus aportaciones, a construir un espacio de memoria donde se presenta, divulga e interpreta un patrimonio histórico-educativo que, en muchas ocasiones, no se localiza en los archivos o museos oficiales
Visibilidad de la figura lésbica en el discurso publicitario español. Desigual como caso de estudio
Full text linkThis article studies the current portrayal of lesbians women in advertising in Spain and analyses the possible re-asons for their lack of representation and diversity. To this end, a mixed methodology (qualitative and quantitative) has been used, based on the triangulation of data through an open survey of society, interviews with LGBTIQ+ associations and a content analysis of the advertising of the Spanish brand Desigual. The main conclusion is that lesbian visibility within the current adver-tising discourse is scarce, conditioned and unbalanced; El artículo estudia el reflejo actual de las mujeres lesbianas en la publicidad de España y analiza los posibles motivos de su falta de representación y diversidad. Para ello, se ha realizado una metodología mixta (cua-litativa y cuantitativa) basada en la triangulación de datos a través de una encuesta abierta a la sociedad, unas entre-vistas realizadas a asociaciones del colectivo LGBTIQ+ y un análisis de contenido de la publicidad de la marca es-pañola Desigual. Como principal conclusión, se establece que la visibilidad lésbica dentro del discurso publicitario actual es escasa, condicionada y desequilibrada
Debate and problem-based learning enhance long-term gender sensitivity and knowledge among nursing students compared to lectures.
No full textBackground: Evidence on effective teaching methods to promote gender awareness in nursing education remains limited.
Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of lecture-based learning (LBL), guided university debate (GUD), and problem-based learning (PBL) on gender-related competencies among undergraduate nursing students.
Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-post study involved first-year nursing students across 3 academic years, each receiving LBL (2021–2022), GUD (2022–2023), or PBL (2023–2024). Outcomes included gender knowledge, sensitivity, role ideology, and pain legitimation, measured at baseline, post-intervention, and six-month follow-up using validated scales.
Results: GUD and PBL significantly improved gender knowledge compared to LBL, with effects sustained at 6 months. PBL showed a short-term increase in gender sensitivity, while GUD's improvements were more pronounced over time. No significant differences were found for gender role ideology or pain legitimation.
Conclusions: Active methodologies, particularly GUD and PBL, are more effective than LBL for enhancing gender competence in nursing education