Lithuanian Sports University e-Journals
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Darbuotojų perdegimas organizuojant laisvalaikį. Anykščių atvejis
Get PDFObject of the analysis. The influence of employees’ burnout on organized leisure time. Investigation problem. Previous studies have shown that burnout is a factor that affects civil servants. As the employees’ well-being can influence the organization’s activities, the impact of the burnout on employees is a topical issue and is increasingly being analysed among scientists, but the effect of the burnout in organizing leisure activities is not widely researched, therefore the problem of this work is relevant and explorable. The impact of the burnout on leisure time employment could be more effective in organizing activities. Research methods – scientific literature data analysis, statistical analysis of data, structured interview. Aim of the analysis: to evaluate the impact of the burnout of employees on organized leisure time. Goals of the analysis. 1. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, to reveal theoretical concepts of leisure-time organization and leisure services. 2. To introduce the burnout contact with leisure time organization. 3. To analyse the impact of staff burnout ton organized leisure time. The results of the research revealed that the determination of the manifestation of burnout is important, the status of the leisure organizer and the quality of the organized activity depend on it. Therefore, the burnout manifestations that have been observed in a timely manner must be stopped so that the leisure time is organized properly. It has been found that the causes of the burnout are related to the leisure organizer and leisure activities. It is important for leisure organizers to pay attention to the success of the organized activities. Many respondents identified burnout factors that prove burnout. Outcomes and conclusions. This confirms that the burnout negatively affects the quality of the leisure time. In order to improve leisure activities, it is suggested to take into account the recommendations: 1. To identify the illness and its manifestations, to identify the causes of the manifestation, to try to overcome them with their own help or with the help of specialists. 2. To create conditions for training and counselling for psychologists that would promote the resolution of stress situations, conflict management, overcoming stress and ensuring good working relationships in a leisure setting. 3. Organize seminars for leisure organizers in which there would be a possibility to improve. 4. Encourage leisure organizers to engage in activities that meet their personal needs and interests.Keywords: leisure organization, time planning, burnout.Svarbiausieji darbuotojų emocinio išsekimo veiksniai yra labiau susiję ne su nepakeliamu darbo krūviu, bet su prasta vadyba. Yra teigiama, kad viena iš svarbiausių darbuotojų perdegimo priežasčių – netinkamas vadovo elgesys. Daug kas pasakytų, kad būti užsivertusiam darbais, neturėti laisvo laiko – lyg ir statuso įmonėje reikalas arba kad toks įvaizdis yra madingas. Visgi realybėje tokie „madingi“ statusą turintys žmonės rizikuoja perdegti ir pakenkti ne tik savo, bet ir įmonės sveikatai. Atsiranda didelis nepasitenkinimas savo darbo rezultatais. Kiekvienam žmogui, siekiančiam teigiamų pokyčių savo situacijoje, vienas iš reikšmingiausių veiksnių yra racionaliai organizuotas laisvalaikis. Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti darbuotojų perdegimo organizuojant laisvalaikį sistemą, nustatyti jos esminius trūkumus ir pateikti rekomendacijas juos spręsti.Raktažodžiai: laisvalaikio organizavimas, laiko planavimas, perdegimas
Conceptual Model of The Educational Presumptions of The Coordination of Collaboration and Competition Capabilities in Dancesport
Get PDFBackground. Simultaneously manifested collaboration and competition capabilities are coordinated. This harmony is determined by social interdependency of participants of the activity. It is also true about the dancesport activity. Dancesport dancers mostly compete for higher results, but collaboration is obligatory in order to achieve that result. The problem question was what the educational presumptions of the coordination of collaboration and competition in the dancesport activity are. The research aim was to create the conceptual model of the educational presumptions of the coordination of collaboration and competition in the dancesport activity.Research method was theoretical analysis and synthesis. The results of theoretical analysis are generalized and incorporated into the conceptual model.Discussion and conclusions. The theoretical model of the educational presumptions of the coordination of collaboration and competition in dancesport compiled and presented on the basis of the analysis of scientific literature reveals the conceptual basis of the educational presumptions of the coordination of collaboration and competition in dancesport. Dancesport dancers act and strive for sport and personal goals by using collaboration and competition capabilities, coordinating them and reaching the higher form of coopetition (harmony). The model of the educational presumptions of the coordination of collaboration and competition in dancesport is based on the analysis of literature about the forms of the interpersonal interaction both in the social environment and sport activity, manifestation of discussed forms of the interaction and theory of empiric learning including capabilities
Acute Psychological Effects of Aikido Training
No full textBackground. Aikido is a philosophy and an Eastern martial-art which is conjectured to have many positive effects on mind and body. At this time there is limited, but growing research on this topic. The objective of the current work was to examine for the first time the hypothesis that aikido training, like many other western forms of organized physical activities, has acute psychological benefits as manifested via favourable changes in affect and the flow experience.Methods. Aikidokas (N = 53) took part in an in-situ investigation in which they completed the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) on at least three different occasions before and after their practice. They also completed a flow questionnaire at least on three occasions after their practice.Results. The results indicated that positive affect increased, and negative affect decreased (p < .001) from pre- to post-practice. Aikidokas reported flow experience that on the average was not greater than that reported for other exercises; however it was greater than that reported after video-sport games. The reported flow was independent of the magnitude of change in positive and/or negative affect. The more experienced aikidokas experienced greater skill-challenge harmony, but not oneness with the experience, which are two constructs in flow, than less experienced practitioners.Conclusion. These findings reveal relatively clearly for the very first time in the literature that aikido practice has acute, or immediate, psychological benefits akin to other martial arts and exercises
Changes in The Functional Parameters of Balance and Lower Extremities of Adolescent Short and Long-Distance Runners After Exercises on Unstable Surfaces
Get PDFBackground. Results from the previous studies indicated benefits of training on unstable surfaces in various populations. Drawing upon them we hypothesized that training on unstable surfaces would help runners improve balance and lower extremity functional indicators.Methods. The study included 20 adolescent athletes from Kaunas sports school “Startas”, aged 12–13 years, boys and girls running short and long distances. Their training consisted of 20 minute exercises on unstable surfaces performed two times a week. Participants were tested before and after applying the program. The tests applied were Y balance test, calf muscle strength testing with a Lafayette dynamometer, Single-legged Hop tests, T-test.Results. Groups of short- and long- distance runners had better (p < .05) calf muscle strength of both legs after exercises on unstable surfaces program. Both groups also improved 6 m HOP test results of both lower extremities (p < .05). Some of the dynamic balance indicators statistically significantly improved after exercises on unstable surfaces in the groups of short- and long- distance adolescent runners. T-test results after exercises on unstable surface program improved (p < .05) in long- distance runner group (from 14.03 (12.44; 14.95; 13.85) s to 13.94 (12.36; 14.52; 13.65) s) and there were differences between short- and long- distance runner groups before and after exercises on unstable surfaces (p < .05).Conclusion. This research showed that training on unstable surfaces helps runners to improve balance and lower extremity functional indicators and we recommend to include exercises on unstable surfaces to their training
Perceived Physical Activity Benefits and Barriers in Sedentary Adults
Get PDFBackground. Research aim was to analyse the perceptions of benefits and barriers of physical activity in physically inactive adults.Methods. Research methods were individual interviews and qualitative content analysis.Results. Insufficiently physically active adults have many different health and emotional problems, but this is not a sufficient motive for them to be physically active. Research participants positively evaluated the benefits of physical activity if their physical activity did not exceed their physical fitness; however, it was not optimal and did not comply with the proposed minimum recommendations. Physical activities of adults were mostly related to holidays, cooking, playing with children, and activities in nature. Meanwhile, respondents were more physically inactive – working at home, reading books, and spending time on smart devices. Adults mentioned more reasons to be physically passive than active. Internal causes of physical inactivity were related to lack of time, lack of motivation, antipathy to sport, health problems and internal beliefs, external causes – workload, weather conditions, financial situation, family and household.Conclusions. Physical health problems and psychological ailments of inactive adults were frequent consequences of physical inactivity. Their activities after work were passive (working at home, reading books and time on smart devices) and active (holidays, cooking, playing games with children, activities in nature). Although there were more active activities, most of them were in leisure time and they did not fully meet the minimum recommendations. The participants positively evaluated the benefits of physical activity if their physical activity did not exceed their physical fitness. Internal causes of physical inactivity of the participants were lack of time, lack of motivation, antipathy for sport, health problems, feeling of loneliness and age, external causes – workload, weather conditions, financial situation, family and household
Peculiarities of Changes of Young Swimmers’ Anthropometric Profile in the Time of Intensive Training and Its Correlation with Sports Results
Get PDFBackground. Knowledge of the peculiarities of anthropometric indicators, body weight components, and somatotype of athletes is important for coaches, sports scientists, and sports physicians at all stages of perennial training, starting with children’s sport. Often this is seen as an important indicator for identifying talented children in sport. The aim of this study was to determine how the anthropometric and body weight profile of young swimmers (11–12 years) significantly changes during the training period, and the correlation of these indicators with the competition results in the chosen event.Methods. The study included 24 young (aged 11.7 ± 0.5 years) national level swimmers – girls (n = 14) and boys (n = 10) with 3 to 4 years of sports experience in the national competitions and demonstrating high results in their age group. We investigated longitudinal anthropometric measurements, body mass components, established the somatotype and handgrip strength. The change of indicators was analysed during the training period of five months as well as its correlation with the result in the chosen sport. Sports results were rated by FINA ranking points.Results. The anthropometric longitudinal and transverse dimensions of girls and boys increased during the study period, however, there was no difference between the sex groups except for the length of the foot (it was higher in the group of boys, p < .05). The analysis of body weight components showed that girls had higher body fat mass and a percentage of body fat than boys (p < .05). The results of boys’ swimming had statistically significant links with their height (r = .857), foot length (r = .805), body weight (r = .857), lean mass and muscle mass (r = .927) and right handgrip strength (.786). There was no significant correlation between these indicators in the group of girls.Conclusion. The results of the study suggest that the characteristics of the anthropometric profile as a prognostic indicator for the viability in the chosen sport for boys were more significant than for girls
Klasikinio masažo poveikis lėtiniam nespecifiniam nugaros apatinės dalies skausmui ir funkcijai naudojant skirtingus masažinius aliejus
Get PDFResearch background. Chronic nonspecifc low back pain is one of the most widespread health problems in modern society. Massage together with oils is commonly used for low back pain. However, no studies are available on the effect of classical massage with different oils on functional state and pain in patients with chronic low back pain. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of classical massage with different oils on patients with chronic nonspecifc low back pain. Methods. This study included 14 women. They were randomly assigned into two groups. The experimental group received classical massage using oil of natural components and the control group received massage with Vaseline oil. All participants received seven massage sessions, one session lasted 20 min. Pain intensity (VAS scale), functional disability level (Oswestry Low Back Disability Questionnaire) and measurement of spine flexion range of motion (Modifed Shober test) were evaluated before and after intervention. Results. Both groups showed signifcant improvements in pain intensity (p < 0.05). Massage with oil of natural components was more effective then massage with Vaseline oil in reducing pain (p < 0.05). Functional disability decreased in both groups (p < 0.05), but no signifcant difference was found between groups. The range of motion changes were not signifcant after intervention in two groups. Conclusions. Classical massage with oil of natural components and classical massage with Vaseline oil were found to be effective in relieving pain and decreasing functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain. Massage with oil of natural components was more effective than massage with Vaseline oil in reducing pain.Keywords: chronic nonspecifc low back pain, classical massage, oil.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Lėtinis nespecifnis apatinės nugaros dalies skausmas yra viena iš labiausiai paplitusių sveikatos problemų šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje. Masažas kartu su masažiniais aliejais yra taikomi apatinės nugaros skausmui mažinti. Visgi trūksta tyrimų, kurie įvertintų, kokį poveikį asmens funkcinei būklei ir skausmui turi klasikinis masažas naudojant aliejus. Tikslas – nustatyti klasikinio masažo poveikį naudojant skirtingus aliejus asmenims, jaučiantiems lėtinį nespecifnį apatinės nugaros dalies skausmą. Metodai. Buvo tiriama 14 moterų. Tiriamosios atsitiktiniu būdu buvo suskirstytos į dvi grupes. Tiriamajai grupei buvo atliekamas klasikinis masažas su natūralių komponentų aliejumi, kontrolinei grupei – klasikinis masažas su vazelino aliejumi. Klasikinio masažo procedūra trūko 20 minučių, kiekvienai tiriamajai buvo atliktos septynios procedūros. Prieš masažo procedūras ir po jų buvo vertinamas skausmo intensyvumas (VAS skale), funkcinė negalia (Oswestry՚io negalios klausimynu) ir juosmeninės stuburo dalies judesio amplitudė (Modifkuotu Schober՚io testu). Rezultatai. Apatinis nugaros dalies skausmas po masažų reikšmingai sumažėjo abiejose grupėse (p < 0,05). Moterims, kurioms buvo atliekamas masažas naudojant natūralių komponentų aliejų, apatinės nugaros dalies skausmas sumažėjo labiau (p < 0,05), nei toms, kurioms buvo taikytas klasikinis masažas naudojant vazelino aliejų. Funkcinė negalia sumažėjo abiejose grupėse (p < 0,05). Juosmeninės dalies judesių amplitudės pokyčiai abiejose grupėse nebuvo statistiškai reikšmingi. Išvados. Klasikinis masažas naudojant tiek natūralių komponentų aliejų, tiek ir vazelino aliejų sumažino apatinės nugaros dalies skausmą, pagerino funkcinę negalią, bet nepagerino juosmeninės dalies paslankumo. Visgi masažas su natūralių komponentų aliejumi efektyviau sumažino apatinės nugaros dalies skausmą, nei masažas su vazelino aliejumi. Raktažodžiai: lėtinis nespecifnis apatinės nugaros dalies skausmas, klasikinis masažas, aliejus.
Skirtingų miofascijinių trigerinių taškų atpalaidavimo technikų poveikis ligonių po rotatorių manžetės chirurginio gydymo skausmui, funkcijai ir gyvenimo kokybei
Get PDFResearch background. Musculoskeletal pain in the shoulder joint is a major cause of non-traumatic upper limb pain (Tejera-Falcón et al., 2017). Miofascial release is a fast-moving form of manual therapy to reduce pain and restore soft tissue functions. Chronic pain relief in the movement apparatus is a major burden on health care systems and state economics due to the deteriorating quality of life of people experiencing these problems (Laimi et al., 2018). Research aim was to determine the effect of different myofascial trigger release techniques on pain, function and quality of life in patients after surgical treatment of rotator cuff. Methods. The study included volunteers (n = 14) who met the selection criteria. Research methods included a VAS pain scale, active range of motion, isometric muscle strength and subjective assessment of functional changes (PSFS) and quality of life (SF-36). Results. After 14 days of physiotherapy exercises involving the release of myofascial trigger points, the intensity of pain decreased signifcantly from 5.6 ± 1.4 points to 1.8 ± 1.5 points (p < 0.05). After treatment of the range of motion, isometric muscle strength signifcantly increased (p < 0.05). The treatment used had a positive effect on subjective functional changes (before 3.1 ± 0.8 points, followed by 7.8 ± 1.4 points, p < 0.05) and quality of life. Conclusion. The use of different myofascial trigger release techniques is effective in reducing myofascial trigger pain, improving function and quality of life in patients after surgical treatment of rotator cuffs. However, there were no statistically signifcant differences between the groups after treatment.Keywords: myofascial pain syndrome, myofascial trigger point, ischemic compression, soft tissue mobilization.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Peties sąnario regiono raumenų ir minkštųjų audinių skausmas yra pagrindinė ne trauminės kilmės rankų skausmo priežastis (Tejera-Falcón et al., 2017). Miofascijinis atpalaidavimas – sparčiai plintanti manualinės terapijos forma, kuria siekiama sumažinti skausmą, atkurti minkštųjų audinių funkcijas. Lėtinis judėjimo ir atramos aparato skausmas yra didelė našta sveikatos priežiūros sistemoms ir valstybės ekomomikai dėl žmonių, patiriančių šias problemas, blogėjančios gyvenimo kokybės (Laimi et al., 2018). Tikslas – nustatyti skirtingų miofascijinių trigerinių taškų atpalaidavimo technikų poveikį ligonių po rotatorių manžetės chirurginio gydymo skausmui, funkcijai ir gyvenimo kokybei. Metodai. Tirti savanoriai (n = 14), atitinkantys nustatytus atrankos kriterijus. Įvertintas tiriamųjų pažeisto peties sąnario skausmo intensyvumas, judesių amplitudė, izometrinė raumenų jėga ir subjektyvus funkcinių pokyčių bei gyvenimo kokybės vertinimas. Rezultatai. Po 14 dienų kineziterapijos pratimų taikant skirtingas miofascijinių trigerinių taškų atpalaidavimo technikas, skausmo intensyvumas reikšmingai sumažėjo (p < 0,05), izometrinė raumenų jėga reikšmingai padidėjo (p < 0,05). Taikytas gydymas teigiamai paveikė funkcijos pokyčius ir gyvenimo kokybę (p < 0,05). Išvada. Skirtingų miofascijinių trigerinių taškų atpalaidavimo technikų taikymas yra veiksmingas mažinant miofascijinių trigerinių taškų sukeliamą skausmą, gerinant ligonių po rotatorių manžetės chirurginio gydymo funkciją ir gyvenimo kokybę. Tarp grupių rodiklių po gydymo statistiškai reikšmingų skirtumų nenustatyta.Raktažodžiai: miofascijinis skausmo sindromas, miofascijinis trigerinis taškas, išeminė kompresija, minkštųjų audinių mobilizacija
Plukdymo poveikis kūdikių motorinei raidai ir fizinei sveikatai
No full textResearch background. Infant motor disorders and slow phase of motion enhancement are big problems in modern society. One of the main reasons is the child\u27s physical health because in infancy body is more susceptible to easily spreading diseases. According to the scientific literature accumulated over the last century, the most effective rehabilitation tool for strengthening the immune system and correcting motor development is individually adapted physical The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of swimming on infant motor development and physical Research methods. The study included 34 babies aged 6 to 18 months who did not have congenital health disorders or acquired traumas. Seventeen of these infants had attended swimming sessions for more than 3 months – they formed the first group of subjects. The other 17 infants formed the second group of subjects. The study assessed the motor skills of infants according to the Peabody motor development scale and analyzed physical health condition using the questionnaire survey Research results. Comparing the differences between the percentile, age equivalent and chronological age averages of these two groups, it was observed that the results of the first group in which the infants attended swimming sessions were statistically significantly higher than in the second group (p < 0.05). After analyzing the morbidity rate distribution between the groups, it was observed that in the first group there were statistically significantly more infants who were not ill than in the second group, also both groups contained the same number of infants who were ill 1–2 times and in the second group there were more infants who were ill 3–4 times (p < Conclusions. Motor development and the physical health status of the first group of infants who had attended swimming activities were statistically significantly higher than those of the second group, who did not have this type of activity.Keywords: infant, swimming, motor development, physical health.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Kūdikių motorikos sutrikimai ir sulėtėjęs judesių tobulinimo etapas yra opios šiuolaikinės visuomenės problemos. Viena iš pagrindinių to priežasčių – vaiko fizinė sveikata, nes kūdikystėje organizmas yra jautresnis lengvai plintančioms ligoms. Remiantis per pastarąjį šimtmetį sukaupta moksline literatūra, efektyviausia reabilitacijos priemonė, skirta imuninės sistemos stiprinimui ir sutrikusiai motorinei raidai koreguoti, yra individuali fizinė Tikslas – įvertinti plukdymo poveikį kūdikių motorinei raidai ir fizinei Metodai. Buvo tiriami 34 kūdikiai (6–18 mėn. amžiaus), neturintys įgimtų sveikatos sutrikimų ar įgytų traumų. Pirmą tiriamųjų grupę sudarė 17 kūdikių, lankiusių plukdymo užsiėmimus daugiau nei 3 mėnesius, antrą – 17 kūdikių, nelankiusių baseino. Tyrimo metu buvo vertinama kūdikių motorika pagal Peabody motorinės raidos skalę ir analizuojama fizinės sveikatos būklė naudojantis anketinės apklausos Rezultatai. Lyginant abiejų grupių surinktų procentilių, amžiaus ekvivalento, amžiaus ekvivalento ir chronologinio amžiaus vidurkių skirtumus, pasiskirstymą pagal atitinkamas reikšmes, apibūdinančias tiriamojo motorinę raidą, pastebėta, kad pirmos grupės, lankiusios plukdymo užsiėmimus, rodikliai yra statistiškai reikšmingai geresni nei antros (p < 0,05). Išanalizavus sergamumo dažnio pasiskirstymą tarp grupių nustatyta, kad pirmoje grupėje yra statistiškai reikšmingai daugiau nė karto nesirgusių tiriamųjų nei antroje, abiejose grupėse buvo vienodas skaičius tiriamųjų, sirgusių 1–2 kartus, antroje grupėje buvo daugiau tiriamųjų, sirgusių 3–4 kartus (p < Išvada. Tiriamųjų, lankiusių plukdymo užsiėmimus, motorinio išsivystymo lygio ir fizinės sveikatos būklės rodikliai buvo statistiškai reikšmingai geresni nei tiriamųjų, kuriems plukdymo užsiėmimai nebuvo taikomi.Raktažodžiai: kūdikiai, plukdymas, motorinė raida, fizinė sveikata
How to Effectively Boost Fat Oxidation by Calorie Restriction in Overweight and Obese Adults?
No full textBackground. It is clinically important to determine the factors that increase fat oxidation and have potential to improve body composition in overweight and obese individuals. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare the effects of a 2-day very low-calorie diet and 2-day zero-calorie diet on fat oxidation and prospective food consumption in overweight and mildly obese adults.Methods. Eighteen subjects (body mass index above 25 kg/m2) aged 19–33 years were tested under two conditions allocated randomly: 2-day zero-calorie diet with water provided ad libitum and 2-day very-low calorie diet. Appetite sensations, mood state, inhibitory control, and substrate oxidation were evaluated before and after each diet.Results. Greater increase in fat oxidation (p < .05) was observed after zero-calorie diet when compared to a very low-calorie diet. Results showed that both diets increased (p < .05) sensation of hunger and prospective food consumption, whereas no changes were observed in inhibitory control. Greater decrement for vigor (p < .05) was observed after zero-calorie diet when compared to a very low-calorie diet, whereas other mood states were not affected by it.Conclusion. Intermittent fasting with zero-calorie diet may boost fat oxidation to a greater extent when compared to very low-calorie diet and may assist with weight loss in overweight and mildly obese adults