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Skirtingų kineziterapijos programų poveikis pacientų, patyrusių galvos smegenų infarktą, pusiausvyrai ir eisenai
No full textBackground. An ischemic stroke has long-term adverse effects on the physical, emotional, and social well-being of the stroke survivor, so it is very important to help the patient regain independence and lost functions as quickly and efficiently as possible. Dynamic Neuromuscular Stability exercises can restore movement patterns in these patients by simulating central nervous system.
The aim. To compare the effects of conventional physiotherapy and dynamic neuromuscular stabilization integrated into conventional physiotherapy on balance and gait in patients with cerebral infarction.
Methods. The study included 30 subjects who survived an ischemic stroke. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people in each for different interventions: Conventional physiotherapy and Conventional physiotherapy combined with integrated dynamic neuromuscular stabilization. Subjects were examined at a baseline and after the interventions. Patients’ balance was assessed using the Biodex platform, which was chosen to evaluate fall risk, trunk stability, stability limits and sensory organization. Gait parameters (step length and step width) of the affected and unaffected leg were assessed using the Zebris FDM-T treadmill.
Results. Both conventional physiotherapy and physiotherapy with integrated dynamic neuromuscular stabilization improved gait parameters of the patients, as well as improving the results of the tests of fall risk, postural stability, stability limits, and the results of the sensory integration test when testing with eyes open on a stable surface (p<0.05). However, the results of the sensory integration tests while standing on a stable surface with eyes closed (p<0.001), with eyes open on an unstable surface (p<0.001) and with eyes closed on an unstable surface (p=0.021) improved only post physiotherapy with integrated dynamic neuromuscular stabilization.
Conclusions. Both conventional physiotherapy and physiotherapy with integrated dynamic neuromuscular stabilization significantly improved gait and balance parameters in stroke patients.
Keywords: Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization, stroke, balance, trunk stability, gait.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Infarkto sukelti reiškiniai sutrikdo žmogaus gebėjimą būti savarankišku ir nepriklausomu, todėl labai svarbu kuo greičiau ir efektyviau padėti pacientui atgauti savarankiškumą ir prarastas funkcijas. Dinaminės neuroraumeninės stabilizacijos pratimai gali padėti atkurti prarastus judėjimo modelius aktyvuojant centrinę nervų sistemą.
Tikslas – palyginti įprastinės kineziterapijos ir integruotos į įprastinę kineziterapiją dinaminės neuroraumeninės stabilizacijos poveikį pacientų, patyrusių galvos smegenų infarktą, pusiausvyrai ir eisenai.
Metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 30 asmenų, patyrusių galvos smegenų infarktą. Tiriamieji atsitiktinės atrankos būdu buvo suskirstyti į dvi skirtingų intervencijų grupes po 15 asmenų: įprastinės kineziterapijos ir įprastinės kineziterapijos su integruota dinamine neuroraumenine stabilizacija. Pusiausvyra vertinta naudojant Biodex platformą, kurioje pasirinkta įvertinti: griuvimo riziką, liemens stabilumą, stabilumo ribas bei sensorinės organizacijos patikros testus. Eisenos rodikliai (sveikos ir pažeistos kojos žingsnio ilgis, žingsnio plotis) vertinti naudojant Zebris FDM-T bėgimo takelį. Tiriamieji buvotiriami prieš ir po tyrimo.
Rezultatai. Tiek įprastinė kineziterapija, tiek kineziterapija su integruota dinamine neuroraumenine stabilizacija pagerino pacientų eisenos parametrus, taip pat pagerino griuvimo rizikos, laikysenos stabilumo, stabilumo ribų testų rezultatus bei sensorinės integracijos testo rezultatą, testuojant atsimerkus ant stabilaus paviršiaus (p < 0,05). Tačiau sensorinės integracijos testų rezultatai, stovint ant stabilaus paviršiaus užsimerkus (p < 0,001), ant nestabilaus paviršiaus atsimerkus (p < 0,001) ir ant nestabilaus paviršiaus užsimerkus (p = 0,021) pagerėjo tik taikant kineziterapiją su integruota dinamine neuroraumenine stabilizacija.
Išvada. Tiek įprastinė kineziterapija, tiek kineziterapija su integruota dinamine neuroraumenine stabilizacija reikšmingai pagerino pacientų, patyrusių insultą, eisenos ir pusiausvyros parametrus.
Raktažodžiai: dinaminė neuroraumeninė stabilizacija, infarktas, pusiausvyra, eisena, liemens stabilumas
Enhancing Soccer-Specifc Motor Skills Through Visual Training: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Young Soccer Players
No full text In team sports like soccer, the ability to make quick decisions is essential for successful performance. Playersmust perceive and understand the available affordances in their environment to effectively utilize the informationand make accurate decisions on the feld. Visual exploratory actions play a crucial role in acquiring the necessaryinformation, allowing players to anticipate action possibilities and plan their subsequent actions. This study aimed toevaluate the effectiveness of an innovative training protocol based on visual exercises in improving soccer-specifcmotor skills of U12 soccer players. Thirty young male soccer players participated in the study and were randomlyassigned to one of three groups: Technique Group (T-G), Visual-Technique Group (VT-G), and Control Group (C-G).The T-G received technical training, the VT-G received the same training with the addition of visual stimuli, and theC-G received regular in-season training. Pre- and post-test measurements were conducted on soccer-specifc motorskills. The results showed that the VT-G demonstrated signifcant improvements in motor skills compared to the T-Gand C-G. These fndings suggest that incorporating targeted visual training into soccer training programs can enhanceperceptual-cognitive and visual skills, leading to improved agility and overall on-feld performance.Keywords: soccer, agility, visual training, youth sports, motor skills
Fizinio aktyvumo ir šachmatų sporto įtaka vaikų fzinei būklei ir kognityvinėms funkcijoms
No full textBackground. Children who play chess improve their academic results, cognitive and social skills, however, both cognitive and physical abilities are important for healthy development. Recent evidence suggests that physical activity has a positive impact not only on children’s physical abilities but cognitive functions as well. Yet it is not clear the effect of physical activity and chess on children’s physical condition and cognitive functions.
The aim. To identify the influence of physical activity and chess sports on children’s physical condition and cognitive functions.
Methods. The study involved 30 children (8-9 years). They were equally divided into three groups: chess-playing (CHESS), physical activity and chess-playing (PA+CHESS), and physical activity (PA). The fnger reaching test was used to assess flexibility, 10x5 m shuttlecock test was used to assess dexterity, handgrip strength was measured using the dynamometer, cognitive functions were evaluated using “MoCA-LT” and Bourdon-Anfmov tests.
Results. Flexibility and handgrip strength did not differ signifcantly between groups (p>0.05). The dexterity in CHESS group was worse than in CHESS+PA and PA groups (p<0.05). The dexterity results of the CHESS+PA and PA groups did not differ (p>0.05). The cognitive functions of the CHESS+PA group, as assessed by the MoCA test, were better than those of the PA group (p<0.05). No difference was found between other groups (p>0.05).
Conclusions. Children who play chess and participate in sport activity have better cognitive functions than children who only do sport. The worst results of dexterity test were in children who play chess only.
Keywords: physical condition, cognitive functions, chess sports, children.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Šachmatų sportas į vaikų ugdymo procesą integruojamas įvairiomis formomis daugelyje pasaulio šalių. Pagerėja vaikų akademiniai pasiekimai, kognityviniai bei socialiniai įgūdžiai, tačiau darniam vaiko vystymuisi svarbu tiek kognityviniai, tiek ir fziniai gebėjimai. Pastaruoju metu nemažai mokslininkų vertina fzinio aktyvumo naudą ne tik vaikų fzinėms savybėms, tačiau ir kognityvinėms funkcijoms. Trūksta duomenų, kokia fzinio aktyvumo ir šachmatų sporto įtaka vaikų fzinei būklei ir kognityvinėms funkcijoms.
Tikslas – nustatyti fzinio aktyvumo ir šachmatų sporto įtaką vaikų fzinei būklei ir kognityvinėms funkcijoms.
Metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 30 vaikų, kurių amžius 8–9 metai (10 vaikų šachmatų grupėje (Š), 10 – fziškai aktyvių ir šachmatų grupėje (ŠFA), 10 – fziškai aktyvių grupėje (FA). Š ir ŠFA grupių tiriamieji privalėjo turėti vienerių metų šachmatų sporto stažą ir lankyti sporto būrelį 2 val. per savaitę. FA grupės tiriamieji turėjo lankyti sporto būrelį 2 val. per savaitę. Buvo vertinamas lankstumas pirštų siekimo testu, vikrumas – bėgimo šaudykle 10 x 5 m testu, rankų griebimo jėga – dinamometru, kognityvinės funkcijos – „MoCA – LT“ ir Burdono-Anfmovo testais.
Rezultatai. Lankstumas tarp grupių reikšmingai nesiskyrė (p > 0,05). Š grupės vikrumas buvo prastesnis nei ŠFA ir FA grupių (p < 0,05). ŠFA ir FA grupių vikrumo rezultatai nesiskyrė (p > 0,05). Rankų griebimo jėga tarp grupių nesiskyrė (p > 0,05). ŠFA grupės kognityvinės funkcijos, vertinant „MoCA“ testu, geresnės nei FA grupės (p < 0,05). Tarp kitų grupių skirtumas nenustatytas (p > 0,05). Burdono-Anfmovo testo rezultatai tarp grupių nesiskyrė (p > 0,05).
Išvados. Vaikų, užsiimančių šachmatų sportu ir lankančių sporto būrelį, kognityvinės funkcijos yra geresnės nei vaikų, kurie lanko tik sporto būrelį. Prasčiausias vikrumas vaikų, užsiimančių tik šachmatų sportu.
Raktažodžiai: fzinė būklė, kognityvinės funkcijos, šachmatai, vaikai
The Effect of Sports Activities on The Self-Esteem of Socially Excluded Men
No full text Background. Self-esteem is one characteristic of personality, a construct of self-confidence, self-respect, and harmonious interaction with oneself (Breslin, Leavey, 2019). Research devoted to the analysis of men\u27s self-esteem reveals that a positive self-evaluation of men requires an image of a physically active man, which the man could compare with other men who demonstrate physical strength (Conzelmann, Schmidt, 2019). A man\u27s physical self-perception is part of the assessment of a physically healthy and strong person and an aspect that ensures his sociality (Crawford, 2017). Scientific research establishes clear links between a man\u27s physical attractiveness (Anderson-Butcher, 2019), sociability and self-esteem (Anderson, White, 2017). Men who systematically engage in active physical activity are physically healthier and more attractive (Burrmann, 2018). They are also emotionally more stable, their emotional self-control is more focused and their self-confidence is higher (El Ghali, 2018).
Aim of the research. To reveal the effect of sports activities on the self-esteem of men experiencing social exclusion.
Methods. To determine men\u27s self-esteem changes The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was chosen, and the Data were processed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science), version 22.0.
Results. A study in which men experiencing social exclusion participated in independent and team sports activities for half a year revealed a positive change in their self-esteem. When analyzing the changes in men\u27s self-esteem before and after the activities, the distance between the estimates of the Rosenberg test before the experiment and 6 months after it ended is 1 standard deviation on the z-scale of the standard normal distribution. According to Cohen\u27s concept of effective size, such a difference between standardized means can be considered as large. Despite the relatively small sample (N=30), the test met the very strict condition of statistical reliability (p≤0.001).
Conclusion. The study revealed that when socially excluded men were included in sports activities held for half a year, their self-esteem changed from 15 points (low self-esteem) to 25-30 points (high self-esteem).
Keywords: social exclusion, self-esteem, sports activities
Understanding the Determinants of Suicidal Behaviours Among People in Southwest Nigeria
Get PDFSuicide is a prominent cause of mortality worldwide, and it is happening at an alarming rate in Nigeria, especially among young people. It is estimated that 800,000 individuals commit suicide each year. Previous research has found a number of factors, such as mental illness, financial hardships, marital issues, and social pressures that lead to suicidal behaviour. The causes of suicidal behaviour in Southwest Nigeria, however, have received little attention. In this study, the causes of suicidal behaviour among people in southwest Nigeria are examined. The study uses a qualitative methodology and gathers its data from secondary sources such as academic journals, books, newspapers, theses, and dissertations. The data demonstrate that major risk factors for suicide behaviour in Southwest Nigeria included sadness, anxiety, and hopelessness. Significant factors in suicide behaviour included social pressure, relationship issues, and financial hardships. The report also emphasises the role that stigma around mental health conditions and a lack of access to quality medical care play in escalating suicidal conduct. In order to encourage economic growth and development, the article advises the supply of mental health resources, the development of awareness campaigns, the construction of psychological and emotional support groups, overcoming financial obstacles, and collaboration with private organisations. The prevalence of suicidal conduct in Southwest Nigeria would decrease with the use of these approaches.
Keywords: suicide, mental health disorders, physical illness, poverty, relationship issues
Volleyball Players Pre-Competitive Anxiety: Sex-Based Differences and Relationship with Sport Characteristics
Get PDFBackground. The issue of pre-competition anxiety is multidimensional and there is still a lack of complex studies in multiple sports as well as in volleyball analysing the relationships of pre-competitive anxiety with multiple correlates.
Methods. The research participants were male and female volleyball players from fore Lithuanian teams. The questionnaires were completed by 37 athletes (51.4% females) aged between 20 and 41 years (median age 23.0 years). Questions about Competitive State Anxiety (CSAI-2), socio-demographic and sport characteristics were answered 40 minutes before the pre-competition warm-up.
Results. The level of female and male pre-competition anxiety components was similar (p > 0.05). Direct associations were found between cognitive and somatic anxiety in both sex groups (p < 0.001). In the female group, cognitive anxiety was higher compared to somatic anxiety (p < 0.05). In the male subgroup cognitive anxiety was directly associated with age (p < 0.05). Relationships with sport characteristics (N=37): the level of cognitive anxiety was directly related to the number of years of playing volleyball (p < 0.05); volleyball players who reported having sufficient knowledge to manage competitive anxiety had lower levels of cognitive anxiety (p < 0.05), and lower self-confidence (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. The research data may help to better understand the manifestation of volleyball players’ pre-competitive anxiety in sex groups and the relationship with sport characteristics. On the basis of this data, specialists will be able to formulate and test hypotheses of further research as well as select areas of preventive and educational work.
Keywords: volleyball, cognitive and somatic anxiety, self-confidence, gender groups, sport characteristics
Lyderystės raiška sporto organizacijose: Lietuvos sporto organizacijų vadovų ir darbuotojų požiūris
Get PDFRelevance of the topic. It is observed that leadership and its expression in various different environments are constantly updated. It is actively researched, empowered by it, learned, and efforts are made to understand how leadership emerges and develops (Damkuvienė et al. 2019). These needs do not bypass the sports sector, whose organizations operate in conditions of complete uncertainty in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In such a context, leadership becomes an important condition for the effective operation and development of a sports organization.
The problem under consideration and the level of its research. The phenomenon of leadership has been studied by scientists (Andriani, Kesumawati, and Kristiawan 2018; Budrienė, Vaitiekienė, and Vaitiekus 2019; Damkuvienė et al. 2019; Hartley 2018; Holmes et al. 2021; Kulshreshtha and Sharma 2021; Miles and Scott 2019). The issue of leadership has been examined exclusively in the sports sector (Ajeigbe, Owolabi, and Alasinrin 2021; Hutchens et al. 2020; Macquet and Stanton 2021; Martinez-Moreno, Cavas-Garcia, and Diaz-Suarez 2021; Megheirkouni 2017; Sabaliauskas 2017; Stewart et al. . 2020). Most of the time, research on the expression of leadership chooses to apply quantitative methods, which prevents a deeper experience of both managers of sports organizations and their subordinates in the field of leadership. Therefore, this article aims to refine and present insights based on qualitative research in the field of leadership communication.
The goal is to evaluate the expression of leadership in sports organizations after examining the theoretical assumptions of leadership.
Tasks:
To reveal the theoretical assumptions of expression of leadership in sports organizations;
Determine the characteristic and desirable qualities of a leader of a sports organization;
To refine the leadership functions in sports organizations;
To identify obstacles limiting leadership in sports organizations and to reveal the potential for strengthening leadership.
Methods. Results.
Quantitatively, the expression of leadership in sports organizations is evaluated in various aspects, but there is a lack of qualitative research in this area. This circumstance prompted the choice of a qualitative strategy for the study of leadership expressions in sports organizations. The qualitative strategy is applied in accordance with the following methodological provisions: social reality is perceived and interpreted individually; each individual actively creates reality based on personal experience; social reality is different for different individuals, but it is shared through interaction with other individuals (Damkuvienė et al., 2019, p. 40). The block of questions for the assessment of leadership expression is formulated according to Winston\u27s (2004) insights about leadership expression.
Conclusions. Summarizing the results of the empirical study of the expression of leadership in sports organizations, it can be stated that the ideal leader in a sports organization is usually associated with focus, motivation, connections with sports, and flexibility. In the opinion of most of the representatives of the sports sector, existing leaders are characterized by motivation, flexibility, activity, and sharing of responsibilities. Leaders in sports organizations usually perform functions of planning, task allocation, control and monitoring, and organization, which traditionally fall within the content of the concept of leadership. It has been determined that there is potential for improving leadership in the country\u27s sports organizations.
Keywords: leader, transformational leadership, shared leadership, sport, motivation.Straipsnyje analizuojama lyderystės raiška sporto organizacijose. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, kad idealus lyderis nagrinėto tipo organizacijose turi būti sutelkiantis, motyvuojantis, lankstus ir turėti stiprių sąsajų su sportu. Išryškėjo, kad lyderiams būdingas motyvavimas, lankstumas, o sutelktumas ir sąsajos su sportu pastebimos kiek rečiau. Lyderystės potencialą sporto organizacijose riboja kliūtys, kylančios iš išorinės aplinkos ir organizacijos lygmenyje. Išorinėje aplinkoje veikia biurokratija, įstatyminės bazės trūkumai ir spragos, pandemija, pokyčių neįgyvendinimas valstybiniame lygmenyje. Organizaciniame lygmenyje susiduriama su specialistų pritraukimo sunkumais, finansiniais apribojimais ir kt.
Raktažodžiai: lyderis, transformacinė lyderystė, pasidalytoji lyderystė, sportas, motyvacij
Vartotojų suvokimas apie sporto interneto svetainių kokybę
Get PDFRelevance of the topic. The 21st century is widely regarded as the age of technology. Nowadays, no one can imagine their life without browsing various websites. As Gonzalez et al. (2015) state, websites are a dominant place for users to obtain information. Many professional sports organisations use their websites to develop relationships with their fans by providing them with news and results (Alonso-Dos-Santos, Moreno, Ríos, & Alguacil, 2017). Sports websites are especially useful for sports enthusiasts, as sports is a very globalised activity and it is physically impossible to be at all desired events. Fans are not only more engaged and interested in their favourite teams but also in their websites, thus performing a kind of news distribution function for the club (Lewis, 2013). The problem. The widespread use of information technology in various felds has made research on the adoption or rejection of these technologies an important factor in every organisation (Mohammadi & Isanejad, 2018). The rapid change and development of websites mean that users’ perception of their quality is also changing. Therefore, it is important to track the constantly changing user expectations and their engagement. A newer and more up-to-date study can help organisations to further improve their websites, thus competing with other organisations in their market.
The aim of the study is to investigate user perception of quality in sports websites.
The subject of the study is user perception of quality in sports websites. Research methodology. A survey was used to investigate user perception of quality in sports websites. Respondents were given an anonymous online survey. The object of the study was user perception of quality in sports websites. The study was based on the WebQual questionnaire of Gonzalez et al. (2015). The purpose of the study is to investigate user perception of quality in sports websites. The data were collected in February and March 2023. A total of 303 respondents participated in the study. Results and conclusion. A comparison of the distribution of respondents according to which website they would prefer shows that all analysed categories reflect a trend. In all four question categories, the better-rated website was X website and when respondents were asked to choose between these websites, the vast majority (69.31%) would prefer X website, while 30.69% of respondents would choose Y website. This result means that among these competing basketball websites, X website seems to be more attractive and high-quality for most users. The results of the study allowed to understand what quality criteria affect the opinion and choice of sports websites by users. Comparing the results obtained with other previous studies, it was observed that individual categories or subcategories can not only influence the choice of a website but can also interact with each other, thus affecting each other. An analysis of the survey results showed that the accuracy of information, security, website understandability, security and website attractiveness are the main features that positively affect the user and help websites gain a competitive advantage over other websites in the same feld or market.
Keywords: sports website, user perception of quality, engagement.Straipsnyje kalbama apie tai, kaip vartotojai suvokia sporto interneto svetainių kokybę. Apžvelgiama, kaip vartotojai suvokia sporto interneto svetainių kokybę bendrame kontekste, pagal iš anksto paruoštas kategorijas tarpusavyje lyginamos populiariausios krepšinio interneto svetainės. Analizuojamos interneto svetainių kokybės apraiškos ir išskirtinumai krepšinio industrijoje. Buvo atliktas tyrimas, kurio tikslas – ištirti vartotojų suvokimą apie sporto interneto svetainių kokybę. Rezultatai patvirtino, jog geriausiai vertinama kategorija yra lengvumas naudotis interneto svetaine.
Raktažodžiai: sporto interneto svetainė, vartotojų kokybės suvokimas, įsitraukimas
Sulėtėjusią kalbos raidą turinčių vaikų funkcinių rodiklių vertinimas ir sąsajos
No full textBackground. Motor skills are key factors in children’s play and interaction with others and influence their subsequent social environment with their peers. Poor or atypical motor development may be an important contributing factor to the problems in language, social communication and understanding, and social interaction that characterise some neurodevelopmental disorders.
The aim. To assess the functional indexes in children with the retarded speech development and their associations.
Methods. 30 children (4 to 6 years old) with retarded speech development. To assess the functional indicators of children with language delay, using the follo wing testing instruments: gross motor skills were assessed with the TGMD-2 test, balance with the modifed Berg scale and the “up and go” test; the coordination test consists of samples which do not require any coordination of balance(according toSchmitz 1988); and fne motor skills were assessed with a standardised test based on the methodology of the Oseretsky test.
Results. Children with retarded speech development have difculty in performing a jump with one foot, a jump with a big step or knocking around a ball. The assessment of the object control abilities was lower than that of locomotor abilities. Younger children with retarded speech suffered from worse static and dynamic balance and coordination. Signifcant fne motor impairment was found in more than a tenth of children with delayed language development.
Conclusions. The gross motor functions in children with retarded speech makes a signifcant impact on the locomotor and object control abilities. Dynamic balance is related to static balance and coordination which does not require any balance, and the fne motor functions affect the object control abilities.
Keywords: retarded speech development, balance, fne motor skills, gross motor skills, coordination, childrenTyrimo pagrindimas. Motoriniai įgūdžiai yra pagrindiniai veiksniai, padedantys vaikams žaisti, bendrauti su kitais, ir daro įtaką jų vėlesnei socialinei aplinkai su bendraamžiais. Prastas arba netipinis motorinis vystymasis gali būti svarbus veiksnys, prisidedantis prie kalbos, socialinio bendravimo ir supratimo bei socialinės sąveikos problemų, būdingų kai kuriems neurologinio vystymosi sutrikimаms.
Tikslas. Įvertinti vaikų, turinčių sulėtėjusią kalbos raidą, funkcinės būklės rodiklius bei jų sąsajas. Metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 30 vaikų (4–6 metų) su nustatyta sulėtėjusia kalbos raida. Siekiant įvertinti vaikų funkcinius rodiklius, kuriems nustatyta sulėtėjusi kalbos raida, naudojami šie ištyrimo instrumentai: stambioji (bendroji) motorika vertinama TGMD-2 testu, pusiausvyra – modifkuota Berg‘o skale, „stotis ir eiti“ testu, koordinacija tirta – pusiausvyros koordinacijos nereikalaujančiais mėginiai (pagal Schmitz 1988), o smulkioji motorika vertinama standartizuotu testu, sudarytu remiantis Ozereckio tyrimo metodika.
Rezultatai. Vaikams, turintiems sulėtėjusią kalbos raidą, sunku atlikti šuolį atsispiriant viena koja, šuolį dideliu žingsniu, kamuolio mušinėjimo užduotis. Objekto kontrolės gebėjimai buvo žemesni nei lokomotoriniai gebėjimai. Atliekant statinės pusiausvyros užduotis sunkiausia stovėti ant vienos kojos bei stovėti pėda prieš pėdą. Jaunesniems vaikams, turintiems sulėtėjusią kalbos raidą, buvo nustatyta prastesnė statinė bei dinaminė pusiausvyra ir koordinacija. Žymus smulkiosios motorikos sutrikimas nustatytas daugiau kaip dešimtadaliui vaikų, turinčių sulėtėjusią kalbos raidą.
Išvados. Vaikų, turinčių sulėtėjusią kalbos raidą, stambioji motorika daro reikšmingą įtaką lokomotoriniams ir objekto kontrolės gebėjimams, dinaminė pusiausvyra susijusi su statine pusiausvyra bei pusiausvyros nereikalaujančia koordinacija, o smulkioji motorika lemia gebėjimą objekto kontrolei.
Raktažodžiai: sulėtėjusi kalbos raida, pusiausvyra, smulkioji motorika, stambioji motorika, koordinacija, vaikai
Elektrostimuliacijos ir dubens dugno raumenų pratimų veiksmingumas, gydant moterų įtampos šlapimo nelaikymą: atsitiktinių imčių tyrimas
No full textBackground. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the most commonly used physiotherapy method in the treatment of female stress incontinence; pelvic floor muscles (PFM) can be trained not only with exercise but also with electrostimulation.
The aim. To determine the efficacy of four weeks of pelvic floor muscle exercises and electrical stimulation in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women.
Methods. The study involved 24 subjects who were randomly divided into two groups: pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and pelvic floor muscle exercises combined with electrostimulation (PFMES). Before and after the interventions, women’s quality of life (QoL) was assessed according to the International Incontinence Counselling Questionnaire – Short Form. Perineometry with Pelvexiser perineometer was used to measure pelvic floor muscle strength, endurance and vaginal resting pressure.
Results. Both interventions signifcantly reduced urinary incontinence episodes and improved the subjects’ quality of life. PFM strength improved after the interventions in the PFMT group from 12.33±3.37 to 19.97±3.38 mmHg (p=0.0008, d=2.26) and in the PFMES group from 8.31±2.41 to 11.84 ±2.78 mmHg (p=0.003, d=2.6). PFM endurance improved in the PFMT group from 3.50±1.15 to 4.53±1.12 s (p=0.03, d=0.9), and in PFMES from 2.92±0.47 to 3.67±0, 52 s (p=0.001, d=1.45). Resting vaginal pressure in the PFMT group improved from 5.3±0.85 to 6.44±1.03 mmHg (p=0.005, d=1.25) and in the PFMES group from 4.4±0.70 to 6.14± 1.47 mmHg (p=0.001, d=1.5).
Conclusions. PFMT and PFMES interventions signifcantly improved subjects’ PMF strength, endurance, resting vaginal pressure, and quality of life. Both applied interventions can be applied in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence, as they were safe and well tolerated by the patients. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Identifer: NCT05871281.
Keywords: female, strength, endurance, incontinence, questionnaire.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Dubens dugno raumenų (DDR) treniravimas yra dažniausiai taikomas kineziterapijos metodas, gydant moterų įtampos šlapimo nelaikymą, tačiau DDR galima treniruoti ne tik pratimais, bet ir taikant elektrostimuliaciją.
Tiksla – nustatyti keturių savaičių trukmės dubens dugno raumenų pratimų ir elektrostimuliacijos veiksmingumą, gydant moterų įtampos šlapimo nelaikymą.
Tyrimo metodai. Šiame atsitiktinių imčių, paralelinių grupių tyrime dalyvavo 24 tiriamosios, kurios atsitinktinės atrankos būdu buvo suskirstytos į dvi grupes: dubens dugno raumenų pratimų (DDRP, n = 12), derinamų su elektrostimuliacija (DDRES, n = 12). Prieš ir po intervencijų vertinta moterų gyvenimo kokybė (GK) pagal tarptautinį konsultacijos dėl Šlapimo nelaikymo klausimyną (trumpąją versiją). Dubens dugno raumenų jėgai ir ištvermei bei makšties ramybės slėgiui matuoti buvo naudotas „Pelvexiser“ perineometras. Intervencijų trukmė – 4 sav.
Tyrimo rezultatai. Abi taikytos intervencijos reikšmingai sumažino šlapimo nelaikymo epizodusir pagerino tiriamųjų gyvenimo kokybę. DDR jėga po intervencijų pagerėjo DDRP grupėje nuo 12,33 ± 3,37 iki 19,97 ± 3,38 mmHg (p = 0,0008, d = 2,26), o DDRES grupėje – nuo 8,31 ± 2,41 iki 11,84 ± 2,78 mmHg (p = 0,003, d = 2,6). DDR ištvermė pagerėjo DDRP grupėje nuo 3,50 ± 1,15 iki 4,53 ± 1,12 sek. (p = 0,03, d = 0,9), o DDRES – nuo 2,92 ± 0,47 iki 3,67 ± 0,52 sek. (p = 0,001, d = 1,45). Makšties ramybės slėgis DDRP grupėje pagerėjo nuo 5,3 ± 0,85 iki 6,44 ± 1,03 mmHg (p = 0,005, d = 1,25), o DDRES grupės – nuo 4,4 ± 0,70 iki 6,14 ± 1,47 mmHg (p=0.001, d=1.5). Išvados. DDRP ir DDRES reikšmingai pagerino tiriamųjų DDR jėgą, ištvermę, makšties ramybės slėgį ir gyvenimo kokybę. Abi taikytos intervencijos gali būti taikomos įtampos šlapimo nelaikymo gydymui, nes buvo saugios ir pacienčių gerai toleruojamos. Tyrimas registruotas ClinicalTrials.gov., registracijos nr. NCT05871281.
Raktažodžiai: moteris, jėga, ištvermė, šlapimo nelaikymas, gyvenimo kokybė.