Lithuanian Sports University e-Journals
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Capillary Refill Time and Oxygen Saturation as Predictors of Patient Acuity in Emergency Severity Index Triage: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textBackground. Rapid physiological assessment in emergency departments (EDs) is essential for accurate triage and timely intervention. The Emergency Severity Index system categorises patients by clinical urgency, yet evidence remains limited regarding the prognostic value of capillary refill time and peripheral oxygen saturation in identifying high-acuity cases.
Aim. To examine the relationship between capillary refill time, peripheral oxygen saturation, and patient acuity levels based on Emergency Severity Index triage categories.
Methods. This analytical cross-sectional study evaluated medical records of 80 adult patients treated at a pulmonary hospital ED. Capillary refill time, peripheral oxygen saturation, and Emergency Severity Index levels were extracted. Associations were analysed using the Chi-Square test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.
Results. Prolonged capillary refill time exceeding two seconds was significantly associated with higher-acuity Emergency Severity Index levels 1–2 (p < 0.001; prevalence ratio = 19.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4–68.2). Similarly, peripheral oxygen saturation below 90 percent correlated with higher acuity (p < 0.001; prevalence ratio = 19.9; 95% confidence interval: 4.0–97.8).
Conclusions. Capillary refill time and peripheral oxygen saturation are strong physiological predictors of patient acuity in Emergency Severity Index triage. Incorporating these measures into triage protocols may enhance the early identification of critically ill patients, particularly in resource-limited emergency settings.
Keywords: capillary refill time; oxygen saturation; triage; Emergency Severity Index; patient acuity
 
Slaugytojo diabetologo vaidmuo diabetinės pėdos priežiūros kabinete
No full textBackground. As the incidence of diabetes rises rapidly around the world, so does the number of associated complications that require skilled and complex nursing care.
Aim. To discover the views of diabetes nurses on their role, training opportunities, and challenges in diabetic foot care in the office.
Methods. Seven participants (six women and one man), general nurses with a specialisation in diabetes nursing and who have been working in a diabetic foot care practice for at least two years, voluntarily participated in the study. A semi-structured interview method was used for data collection. The interview questions related to the clinical activities, challenges, and continuous professional development activities of the participants.
Results. The study revealed the main roles of the diabetes nurse: care provider, teacher, case manager, and consultant. It also revealed the main challenges of working in a diabetic foot care office: long queues for patients, resulting in the risk of diabetic foot or its complications, and high workloads for nurses. Diabetes nurses value and prefer practical training over conferences but expressed a lack of quality practical in-service training in Lithuania.
Conclusions. Diabetes nurses play multifaceted roles in the management of diabetes mellitus, and to ensure their effectiveness it is necessary to improve the accessibility of services to patients and to create conditions for their continuous professional development.
Keywords: diabetes nurse; diabetes mellitus; nurse roles Tyrimo pagrindimas. Visame pasaulyje sparčiai augant sergamumui cukriniu diabetu, daugėja ir su tuo susijusių komplikacijų, reikalaujančių kvalifkuotos ir kompleksiškos slaugos pagalbos.Tikslas. Atskleisti slaugytojų diabetologų nuomonę apie jų vaidmenį, kvalifkacijos kėlimo galimybes ir patiriamusišbandymus diabetinės pėdos priežiūros kabinete.Metodai. Tyrime savanoriškai dalyvavo septyni tyrimo dalyviai (šešios moterys ir vienas vyras), bendrosios praktikosslaugytojai, turintys slaugytojo diabetologo specializaciją bei dirbantys diabetinės pėdos priežiūros kabinete ne ma-žiau kaip dvejus metus. Taikytas pusiau struktūruoto interviu duomenų rinkimo metodas. Interviu klausimai susiję sutyrimo dalyvių klinikine veikla, išbandymais ir nuolatinio profesinio tobulėjimo veikla.Rezultatai. Tyrimas atskleidė slaugytojo diabetologo pagrindinius vaidmenis: slaugos paslaugų teikėjas, mokytojas,atvejo vadybininkas bei konsultantas. Taip pat atskleisti ir pagrindiniai išbandymai, kylantys dirbant diabetinės pėdospriežiūros kabinete: ilgos pacientų laukimo eilės, dėl ko atsiranda diabetinės pėdos ar jos komplikacijų rizika, ir didelislaugytojų darbo krūviai. Slaugytojai diabetologai nurodė, kad labiau vertina ir dažniau renkasi praktinius mokymusnei konferencijas, bet pabrėžė kokybiškų praktinių kvalifkacijos kėlimo mokymų trūkumą Lietuvoje.Išvados. Slaugytojai diabetologai atlieka daugiaplanius vaidmenis cukrinio diabeto valdymo procese ir jų veiklosveiksmingumui užtikrinti būtina gerinti paslaugų prieinamumą pacientams bei sudaryti sąlygas nuolatiniam profesiniam tobulėjimui.Reikšminiai žodžiai: slaugytojas diabetologas; cukrinis diabetas; slaugytojo vaidmenys 
The Effect of Ayurvedic Panchakarma Therapy on Body Mass Index, Blood Parameters, and Quality of Life in Individuals of Different Constitutional Types: A Pilot Study
No full textBackground. Panchakarma therapy and Ayurvedic nutrition are traditional interventions increasingly evaluated for their role in metabolic and psychosocial health. However, limited evidence exists regarding their effects when stratified by Prakriti (constitutional) Vata, Pitta, Kapha types.
Aim. To evaluate the impact of a 14-day Panchakarma intervention combined with a plant-based Ayurvedic diet on body composition, metabolic markers, and quality of life, stratified by Prakriti type.
Methods. A pre–post interventional study was conducted with 12 female participants (mean age 54.2 ± 7.9 years). All underwent a 14-day Panchakarma therapy at a certified Ayurvedic centre, combined with personalised dietary guidance. Body composition, blood markers (glucose and lipid profile), and quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire) were assessed before and after the intervention. Changes were analysed within and between groups, and effect sizes were calculated to estimate clinical significance.
Results. Statistically significant improvements were observed in overall quality of life, vitality, mental health, and physical functioning. Body weight, BMI, fat mass, biological age, and fasting glucose decreased significantly. Effect size analyses confirmed clinically meaningful changes, with large effects for glucose reduction and medium effects for BMI and fat mass. Improvements were particularly pronounced among Kapha participants, consistent with their predisposition to metabolic imbalance. Pitta participants demonstrated normalisation of cholesterol values, while Vata participants showed improvements in quality of life domains without statistical significance due to small subgroup size.
Conclusions. Panchakarma therapy combined with Ayurvedic nutrition improved physiological and psychosocial outcomes, with the greatest benefits observed among Kapha participants. These findings highlight the importance of individualised, Prakriti-based approaches. Larger and longer-term studies with control groups are needed to confirm these results and further evaluate Ayurveda’s potential as a complementary strategy in modern healthcare.
Keywords: Ayurveda; Panchakarma; constitutional types; quality of life; metabolic healt
The Evaluation of the Effect of Balance Training With or Without Shoes on Dynamic Balance and Fatigue Level in Young Athletes With Ankle Sprain – A Randomised Controlled Trial
Get PDFBackground: Ankle sprains are common injuries among athletes and are often associated with recurrent episodes and chronic ankle instability. Impaired dynamic balance and increased fatigue are frequently observed in individuals with ankle injuries. However, the impact of performing balance training with or without shoes on fatigue levels and dynamic balance has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of balance training with and without shoes on fatigue levels and dynamic balance in young athletes with ankle sprain.
Methods: A total of 88 participants were recruited using convenience sampling. Four participants discontinued the study, leaving data from 84 subjects for final analysis. Participants were randomly divided into two groups using the odd and even number method. Both groups underwent a 4-week balance training intervention—one group trained with shoes, and the other without. Post-intervention, dynamic balance and fatigue levels were assessed using the Y Balance Test and Fatigue Severity Scale.
Results: Participants in the without-shoes group reported increased fatigue during the initial first two weeks of training (n = 27, 34), which was not observed in the group training with shoes. However, both groups showed significant improvement in dynamic balance at the end of four weeks of intervention (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Balance training, whether performed with or without shoes, is effective in improving dynamic balance in young athletes with ankle sprain. However, training without shoes may initially increase fatigue and potentially elevate the risk of injury.
Keywords: ankle sprain, dynamic balance, fatigue, athletes, shoe trainin
Factors Determining the Change in Physical Fitness of Lithuanian Primary Schoolchildren Over a One-Year Period
Get PDFBackground and objectives: Physical fitness is a key indicator of children’s health, yet global evidence shows a steady decline over the past decades (Aubert et al., 2018; Aubert et al., 2022). Lithuanian longitudinal data confirm this trend, with schoolchildren’s fitness decreasing consistently since the 1990s (Venckūnas et al., 2017). Insufficient activity is widespread—only about 20% of children achieve the recommended 60 minutes of daily moderate-to-vigorous activity (Marques et al., 2019).
Low activity and poor fitness are linked to long-term health risks, including chronic diseases later in life (Booth et al., 2012; López Sánchez et al., 2022). Early school years are particularly critical for building motor competence and sustainable activity habits (Gallahue et al., 2015; Stodden et al., 2016). The Ecological Systems Theory highlights that children’s fitness is shaped not only by individual behaviour but also by family and school contexts (Perumal et al., 2017). In addition, motivational aspects are crucial—according to Self-Determination Theory, autonomous motivation, satisfaction of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness), and enjoyment of physical activity strongly influence children’s engagement and long-term fitness outcomes (Ryan & Deci, 2000; Standage et al., 2005).
The dissertation therefore examines one-year changes in physical fitness among Lithuanian primary schoolchildren (aged 7–11), identifying determinants at the individual, interpersonal, and institutional levels, while also considering motivational factors through the lens of Self-Determination Theory.
Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted with a representative sample of primary schoolchildren. Physical fitness was assessed through standardised field-based tests; motivation, behaviour, and contextual determinants were measured using validated questionnaires. Statistical analyses were applied to explore associations between changes in physical fitness and individual, interpersonal, and organisational variables.
Results: Children’s physical fitness improved over one year, though changes varied by age and gender. Higher levels of both organised and unorganised physical activity, normal body mass index, and greater satisfaction with exercise were associated with better fitness outcomes. Family environments were generally supportive of healthy behaviour, yet parental physical activity levels and subjective perceptions of a favourable context did not translate into higher child activity levels. In contrast, organisational factors—particularly school involvement in physical activity promotion projects, school size, and principals’ competencies in physical education—showed the strongest and most consistent associations with positive changes in physical fitness.
Conclusions: Physical fitness in Lithuanian primary schoolchildren improves annually, but the extent and direction of change differ by subgroup and attribute. Individual activity levels and motivation remain important, yet organisational determinants emerge as the most influential and modifiable factors, highlighting the central role of schools in promoting children’s health and physical fitness
Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies Among Young Lithuanian Tennis Players
Get PDFBackground: The psychological preparation of young athletes is a relevant issue, varying across different sports. Tennis is one of the fastest-growing sports, especially in Lithuania, which highlights the importance of psychological preparation for tennis players. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the stress experienced by young tennis athletes, the factors that cause it, and the stress-coping strategies they use.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included a representative sample (n = 60) of tennis players aged 12–17 years (mean age 14.63, SD = 1.52; 50% male) who participated in Lithuanian tennis championships. A questionnaire was used, which included questions about stress experienced during competitions, signs of stress, the causes of stress, and the coping strategies applied.
Results: The study revealed that 25.0% of tennis players experience high levels of stress during competitions. Girls reported higher stress levels during competitions compared to boys. The main stress-inducing factors identified were: fear of making mistakes (63.3%), fear of losing (56.7%), opponents’ skill level (55.0%), and the importance of the competition (31.7%). Fear of not meeting parents’ expectations was a greater source of stress than fear of not meeting the coach’s expectations. The most common stress symptoms experienced were anxiety, lack of concentration, negative thoughts, and increased heart rate. To reduce stress, tennis players most often listened to their favourite music, communicated with parents or friends, or talked with their coach.
Conclusion: The study revealed that all tennis players experience stress during competitions, and some of them experience high stress levels. This is more common among females than males. Young tennis players experience stress for various reasons, with both parents and coaches playing an important role. Although young athletes use several stress-coping strategies, they do not fully employ all effective coping methods. Therefore, the findings emphasise the importance of the coach’s role in the psychological preparation of young athletes.
Keywords: young tennis players, stress factors, coping with stress, psychological preparatio
Exploring the Resilience–Performance Relationship in Volleyball Players: a Pilot Study on Problem-Solving Strategies
Get PDFBackground: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between resilience and the coping problems process in volleyball athletes. It is important for coaches and athletes to understand in depth the mechanisms underlying resilience, the effect of problem-solving strategies and the impact of these factors on the development of athletic performance.
Methods: Participants included in the study were 52 volleyball players (male and female) across all national divisions in Greece, with the STARS (State – Trait Assessment of Resilience Scale, GR version) and the Problems Experienced Inventory (COPE, Greek version) used as evaluation instruments. A key requirement for participation in the study was that the participants must be over 14 years old and active athletes. The statistical analyzed with the statistical package SPSS IBM Statistics 27.0., using Pearson’s r, Cronbach’s’ α, and one-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni adjustments for independent samples.
Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two genders of the participating athletes for resilience or for the coping problem strategies. Additionally, adding as a variable the training experience of participants, statistically significant differences were observed when the athletes had training experience of 8 years or more compared to athletes with less experience.
Conclusion: It seems that years of training experience is a critical point for the formation of a mentally resilient profile as well as for the improvement of the ability to develop a strategic plan to address problems for volleyball players. Additionally, it seems that the factor that remained unaffected by the coaching process was the active problem-solving approach, which seems to be influenced by athletes’ personality already developed in the earlier years of their life. Future studies should investigate further these relationships between resilience and coping strategies using more participants and/or from other sport etc., or distinguish between individual and team sports.
Key words: volleyball players, resilience, coping with problems, problem solving strategie
Let the Music Play: Exploring the Relationship Between Music Listening, Self-Esteem, and Subjective Vitality During Exercise Among College Students
Get PDFBackground: College students often experience heightened stress and mental health challenges. Previous research has suggested that physical activity and music can independently enhance subjective vitality (e.g. psychological well-being) and self-esteem. The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent music impacts college students’ subjective vitality and self-esteem while exercising in a gym or outside through the lens of Self-Determination Theory (SDT).
Methods: A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the impact of music on college students’ subjective vitality and self-esteem while exercising either in a gym or outdoors. A total of 200 college students completed an online survey measuring constructs related to SDT, self-esteem, and subjective vitality. The proposed model tested seven hypotheses regarding direct and indirect relationships between SDT variables, self-esteem, and subjective vitality.
Results: The model explained 56.8% of the variation in self-esteem and 56.2% in subjective vitality. Autonomy and competence demonstrated significant direct effects on subjective vitality and indirect effects mediated by self-esteem. Relatedness influenced subjective vitality indirectly through self-esteem. Significant differences were found between gym and outdoor exercisers, with gym users reporting higher self-esteem and subjective vitality scores. No significant differences were identified between genders.
Conclusion: Music positively influences college students’ self-esteem and subjective vitality as psychological well-being during exercise, supporting the application of SDT in this context. Enhancing these psychological outcomes through music-assisted exercise routines may contribute to students’ mental and physical health, academic performance, and personal development.
Keywords: students, music, exercise, self-esteem, subjective vitality, Self-Determination Theor
A Pilot Comparison of Physical and Functional Conditions in 8–9-Year-Old Children Practicing Basketball, Football, Gymnastics, or Dance
No full textBackground. Different sports affect children’s physical development in various ways. As the growth spurt begins around age 10, early assessment of 8–9-year-olds is important for injury prevention and safe development. However, there is limited research examining this age group’s physical and functional condition in relation to participation in specific sports.
Aim – to evaluate the physical and functional condition of 8–9-year-old children participating in different sports clubs.
Methods. The study involved 33 children aged 8–9 (both boys and girls), each attending only one sport (basketball, football, gymnastics, or dance) for at least one year. All participants were injury-free in the past six months and had signed parental consent forms. Physical condition was assessed using the Sit and Reach and Ely’s tests, and functional condition with the Flamingo, Timed Up and Go, and 10 × 5 m shuttle run tests.
Results. Children in the gymnastics group showed significantly better flexibility compared to other groups (p < 0.05). No significant flexibility differences were found among football, basketball, and dance groups (p > 0.05). Normative Sit and Reach test performance was achieved by 100% of the gymnastics group, 66.7% basketball, 62.5% football, and 37.5% dance. No statistically significant differences between groups were found in static and dynamic balance (p > 0.05). Most participants demonstrated poor static balance. Moreover, no significant differences between groups were found in agility (p > 0.05); however, only two children, from the football and gymnastics clubs, met the standard for agility.
Conclusions. Gymnastics is linked to greater flexibility in 8–9-year-old children, while basketball and football may contribute to rectus femoris muscle shortening. Balance showed no sport-specific differences and was generally poor, and agility seldom reached health-favourable levels.
Keywords: functional condition; physical fitness; children; sports club
Lygumų slidinėjimas kaip paauglių fizinio aktyvumo ir sveikatos ugdymo veiksnys: teorinis aspektas
No full textRelevance and novelty. The rapidly changing social and technological environment has a significant impact on the lifestyle and physical activity of the younger generation. Scientific research shows that the lack of movement in adolescents is becoming an increasingly relevant public health problem, which is associated with declining physical capacity, overweight, psychological difficulties, and lack of motivation to participate in active activities (Ostermeier et al., 2024; World Health Organization, 2021). During the winter period, opportunities for physical activity in the natural environment are significantly reduced, therefore it is necessary to promote winter sports, such as cross-country skiing, which can help maintain and strengthen the health and motivation of young people to move (Babaei-Zarch et al., 2024). Although cross-country skiing has obvious physiological and psychological benefits, the impact of this sport on the health and physical activity of adolescents is still insufficiently studied, especially in Lithuania. Therefore, it is relevant to systematically analyse the role of cross-country skiing in the health promotion and development of adolescents (Hoffman & Clifford, 1992).
Cross-country skiing is a full-body workout that combines endurance, coordination, and strengthening of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. This sport can become not only an effective health promotion tool, but also a motivational education tool for adolescents, encouraging them to know the joy of movement, experience togetherness, and develop responsibility for their health.
Scientific problem. Although the importance of physical activity for the health of adolescents is well known, recently their lack of physical activity, which negatively affects both physical and mental health, has been increasingly noted. Despite the fact that physical activity education among adolescents is widely recognised as an important health promotion tool, the level of physical activity significantly decreases during the winter season due to limited opportunities to engage in outdoor sports (Ostermeier et al., 2024). Especially in the winter period, when opportunities for active activities in the natural environment decrease, adolescents become less active.
Cross-country skiing is a complex form of physical activity that can effectively promote the physical and mental health of adolescents, but there is a lack of theoretical and empirical research that comprehensively examines the benefits of this sport and the possibilities of integrating it into the educational process (Hoffman & Clifford, 1992; Babaei-Zarch et al., 2024). Therefore, there is a need to analyse the impact of cross-country skiing on the strengthening of physical activity and motivation of adolescents more thoroughly, as well as to assess the possibilities of its application in the educational system.
Research object. The processes of physical activity and health strengthening of adolescents (14–16 years) related to the practice of cross-country skiing.
The aim of the article is to reveal the importance of cross-country skiing for the health and physical activity of adolescents aged 14–16. The physiological, psychological, and educational aspects shall be analysed, and the importance of integrating this activity into the general education process emphasised.
Methods. 1. Analysis and research of scientific literature; 2. Data analysis and processing.
Results. The winter season significantly reduces the level of physical activity among adolescents, as opportunities for outdoor activities in the natural environment become limited. Cross-country skiing, as a winter sport, plays an important preventive role, allowing to maintain and promote the physical activity and health of adolescents during the winter months. By promoting this activity, the effects of winter inactivity, which can lead to a decrease in physical capacity, overweight, and psychological difficulties, are reduced. Therefore, promoting winter physical activity through cross-country skiing is an important tool to ensure consistent maintenance of physical activity throughout the year.
Keywords: cross-country skiing, physical activity, health, adolescents, education, motivation, winter sports.Aktualumas ir naujumas. Sparčiai kintanti socialinė ir technologinė aplinka turi reikšmingą poveikį jaunosios kartos gyvensenai bei fiziniam aktyvumui. Moksliniai tyrimai rodo, kad paauglių judėjimo trūkumas tampa vis aktualesne visuomenės sveikatos problema, kuri susijusi su mažėjančiu fiziniu pajėgumu, antsvoriu, psichologiniais sunkumais bei motyvacijos dalyvauti aktyviose veiklose stoka (Ostermeier et al., 2024; World Health Organization, 2021). Žiemos laikotarpiu fizinio aktyvumo galimybių natūralioje aplinkoje gerokai sumažėja, todėl būtina skatinti žiemos sporto formas, tokias kaip lygumų slidinėjimas, kurios gali padėti išlaikyti ir stiprinti jaunimo sveikatą bei motyvaciją judėti (Babaei-Zarch et al., 2024). Nors lygumų slidinėjimas turi akivaizdžių fiziologinių ir psichologinių privalumų, šio sporto poveikis paauglių sveikatai ir fiziniam aktyvumui dar nepakankamai ištirtas, ypač Lietuvoje. Todėl aktualu sistemingai analizuoti lygumų slidinėjimo įtaką paauglių sveikatos stiprinimui ir ugdymui (Hoffman & Clifford, 1992).
Lygumų slidinėjimas – viso kūno treniruotė, kurioje derinama ištvermė, koordinacija, kvėpavimo ir širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemų stiprinimas. Šis sportas gali tapti ne tik veiksminga sveikatinimo priemone, bet ir motyvacijos ugdymo įrankiu paaugliams, skatinant juos pažinti judėjimo džiaugsmą, patirti bendrystę bei ugdyti atsakomybę už savo sveikatą.
Mokslinė problema. Nors fizinio aktyvumo svarba paauglių sveikatai gerai žinoma, pastaruoju metu vis dažniau konstatuojama jo stoka, kas neigiamai veikia tiek fizinę, tiek psichinę sveikatą. Nepaisant to, kad fizinio aktyvumo ugdymas tarp paauglių plačiai pripažintas kaip svarbi sveikatos stiprinimo priemonė, žiemos sezonu fizinio aktyvumo lygis žymiai sumažėja dėl ribotų galimybių lauke užsiimti sportu (Ostermeier et al., 2024). Todėl ypač žiemos laikotarpiu, kai galimybių užsiimti aktyvia veikla natūralioje aplinkoje sumažėja, paaugliai tampa mažiau aktyvūs.
Lygumų slidinėjimas yra kompleksinė fizinio aktyvumo forma, kuri gali veiksmingai skatinti paauglių fizinę ir psichinę sveikatą, tačiau trūksta teorinių ir empirinių tyrimų, išsamiai nagrinėjančių šios sporto šakos naudą ir integravimo į ugdymo procesą galimybes (Hoffman & Clifford, 1992; Babaei-Zarch et al., 2024). Dėl to kyla būtinybė išsamiau išanalizuoti lygumų slidinėjimo poveikį paauglių fizinio aktyvumo stiprinimui ir motyvacijai, taip pat įvertinti jo taikymo galimybes švietimo sistemoje.
Tyrimo objektas. Paauglių (14–16 metų) fizinio aktyvumo ir sveikatos stiprinimo procesai, susiję su lygumų slidinėjimo praktika.
Straipsnio tikslas – atskleisti lygumų slidinėjimo svarbą 14–16 metų paauglių sveikatai ir fiziniam aktyvumui. Analizuojami fiziologiniai, psichologiniai ir ugdymo aspektai, pabrėžiama šios veiklos įtraukimo į bendrąjį ugdymo procesą reikšmė.
Metodai: 1. mokslinės literatūros analizė ir tyrimas; 2. duomenų analizė, apdorojimas.
Rezultatai. Žiemos sezonas labai mažina paauglių fizinio aktyvumo lygį, nes galimybės užsiimti lauko veikla natūralioje aplinkoje tampa ribotos. Lygumų slidinėjimas, kaip žiemos sporto šaka, atlieka svarbų prevencinį vaidmenį, leidžiantį išlaikyti ir skatinti paauglių fizinį aktyvumą bei sveikatą žiemos mėnesiais. Skatinant šią veiklą, mažėja žiemos laikotarpio neaktyvumo poveikis, kuris gali sukelti fizinio pajėgumo mažėjimą, antsvorį ir psichologinius sunkumus. Todėl žiemos fizinio aktyvumo skatinimas per lygumų slidinėjimą yra svarbi priemonė siekiant užtikrinti nuoseklų fizinio aktyvumo palaikymą visus metus.
Raktiniai žodžiai: lygumų slidinėjimas, fizinis aktyvumas, sveikata, paaugliai, ugdymas, motyvacija, žiemos sportas