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Classification from the margins : three alternative classification systems, 1930-1975
Get PDFLibrary classification systems frequently fail librarians and patrons because they do not provide space for the depth and breadth of topics both about and created by people within marginalized communities. This presentation explores three classification systems, created in North America between 1930-1975, that were produced by people in and for the communities that they represent. In 1930, Dorothy Burnett Porter Wesley, a librarian who helped to build the collection at Howard University, also created a classification system to better represent the works by, about, and for Black people. During the same time period, Alfred Kaiming Chiu was creating the Harvard-Yenching Classification system at Harvard University because the Library of Congress classification system could not accommodate Chinese Language materials and non-European knowledge organization. In 1974, A. Brian Deer began his work in creating classification systems that not only improved the depth of the classification but also adjusted the framework of classification to better fit the way Indigenous knowledge is structured to be more intuitive for Indigenous patrons. These examples, some nearly 100 years old, emphasize the need to uplift and champion the voices of people within marginalized communities as we continue to do work toward reparative cataloging and classification
A study of gold nanoparticles of different sizes with raman labels for surface enhanced raman spectroscopic detection
Get PDFAccording to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the second leading cause of death in the United States is cancer, with 602,350 cancer deaths in 2020. With the current cancer detection techniques, the detection of cancer is often at a stage when the cancer has progressed to dangerous levels. Therefore, being able to detect cancer at its early stages is pivotal and can be life altering for millions. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely explored in developing surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques for early detection of cancer biomarkers. Using gold nanoparticles conjugated with Raman reporter molecules, SERS is a sensitive technique for the detection of such biomarkers. The SERS nanoprobes must be prepared carefully so that they have high sensitivity, high selectivity, and low detection limit. In this study, the preparation of the gold nanoprobes is studied for SERS detection of cancer biomarkers such as carcinoembryonic antigen. This project specifically analyzes the relationship between various sizes of AuNPs conjugated with a Raman reporter (e.g., MBA) and the SERS performance. The results will be useful for size-optimized nanoprobes for SERS detection of cancer biomarkers in order to improve early-stage cancer detection techniques
Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite sensing films for breath sensors
Get PDFLung cancer is one of the most common and fatal cancers today, infecting 1 in 16 people, and killing well over a million patients per year. Currently, lung cancer is detected usually in stages three and four by quite costly and invasive methods, which shows only a survival rate of 10%. Breath sensors provide a low-cost and non-invasive technique for early screening of lung cancer. The breath sensors use assemblies of gold nanoparticles to identify lung cancer, specifically by identifying and quantifying specific volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations found in the breath of lung cancer patients. This thesis describes a study of the synthesis and preparation of gold nanoparticle sensing films for breath sensor application. The objective of this work is to develop stable composite sensing films with gold nanoparticles of a few nanometer sizes synthesized via chemical reduction and characterize them using TEM and UV/Vis spectroscopy. The nanocomposite materials promote long-term stability and display sensitive responses to VOCs. The breath sensors are promising for identifying the concentration of VOCs in future use as a diagnostic tool
Incorporating Complexity Theory in Collaborative Educational Programs
Get PDFThe field of education has witnessed an increasing trend of inter-organizational and inter-departmental collaborations and forming of networks. Collaborative educational programs have been implemented in a variety of ways. This paper proposes to understand and study collaborative educational programs through the lens of complexity theory and to utilize nonlinear research methods. This paper also proposes to connect the dots in the literature among complexity theory, collaborative educational programs, program evaluation, and alternative nonlinear research methods
Potential Sex Differences in Noradrenergic Circuitry and Modulation of Anxiety-like Behavior
Get PDFRates of anxiety disorders have been increasing in recent years, especially in nations such as the United States. The rates of these diagnoses are not distributed equally amongst the sexes, as women are more prone to being diagnosed with an anxiety disorder, and more likely to be impacted by the disorder more. Noradrenaline (NE) is a major brain stress signal that is made by the locus coeruleus (LC). LC neurons innervate many structures, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) which is involved in stress and arousal. The female LC is larger and contains more NE-containing neurons. However, it is not known if these additional neurons result in a larger LC to mPFC circuit in females, or whether these sex differences in LC structure lead to differences in brain-wide NE function. Here we increased brain NE levels in male and female mice using the drug atipamezole to indirectly assess how NE may alter anxiety-like behavior differently across sexes. We also began to assess the size of the LC to mPFC circuit in mice of both sexes using retrograde injections of fluorescent tracer. Our results suggest that our hypothesis was wrong and that increasing noradrenaline release led to greater anxiety-like behaviors in male mice compared to female mice. This emphasizes the importance of studying the underlying LC to mPFC circuit
Effects of Consumption of Vitamin Supplements on Mental Health
Get PDFNutrient deficiency is a well-known factor of poor mental health functioning. The purpose of our study is to assess the relationship between consumption of supplements and overall mental health. An anonymous online survey was administered through Social Media (Instagram, Facebook) WhatsApp, Text Messages and GroupMe. The survey included basic demographic questions and questions on diet, nutrition, mindset, stress, resilience, and mental distress. More specifically, we questioned subjects on their overall supplementation habits. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze data in SPSS version 25.0. Our results suggest there is an association between supplementation and neurobehaviors. This may be an indicator of supplementation as a salient solution to poor nutrition habits in the US, specifically in regard to effect on mental health. Certain supplementation exhibited more significant behavioral changes than others, which is a fascinating avenue for further research.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2023/1085/thumbnail.jp
Solitary Confinement: Cruel and Unusual Punishment
Get PDFThis project uncovers the reality of solitary confinement as practiced in the United States Federal Prison System. Since the beginning of the nineteenth century- when confinement made its debut in America’s prison system, psychiatric research has consistently proven that complete isolation is severely dangerous. Regardless of if an isolated inmate had a preexisting mental illness or not, confinement leaves the mind vulnerable to a long list of possible, and highly probable, conditions ranging from chronic anxiety to complete psychosis. The link between psychological harm and solitary confinement is an established and recognized relationship among all associated fields, including law. Recently, there has been more legislature passed aiming to restrict the use of isolation. However, the practice is still in effect across the United States, and is therefore still severely harming affected inmates. My project aims to make clear that solitary confinement is torture and should be named unlawful.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2023/1088/thumbnail.jp
Effects of Food Insecurity on Perceived Stress Among Undergraduate University Students
Get PDFFood insecurity is a rising issue among college students. The added pressure and worry over food availability impacts students’ mindset and their perception of stress. However, research investigating this relationship is limited. To address this gap, an anonymous online survey was distributed via social media platforms to adults 18 years and older. The survey included demographic questions, the Food Mood Questionnaire, and the Perceived Stress Scale. A total of 997 people completed the survey, including 705 females, 246 males, and 46 others. Data was analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient in SPSS Version 25.0. A significant positive correlation was found between food insecurity and perceived stress (p\u3c0.01). Significant negative correlations between the consumption of dark green leafy vegetables and fruit with perceived stress (p\u3c0.01) were also found. This suggests that students experiencing food insecurity may consume less nutritious foods and perceive themselves as more stressed.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2023/1096/thumbnail.jp
How did the Floods of 2011 Affect Areas south of Vestal Parkway and Riverside Drive Housing Costs?
Get PDFBinghamton is built in a floodplain, and in 2011 floods struck and hundreds of people were displaced. These floods have forced the issue of home security. Previous studies have noted the existence and growing need for affordable housing in Binghamton, yet they touch only briefly upon the effects that the floods have had. Government studies have lacked the connection between the floods and home security. The study looks directly at Riverside Drive and Vestal Parkway East, two flood areas without any further development. Looking through government statistics, speaking with non-profits, and analyzing data, there is a clear and present link between the housing crisis and the floods that happened. There are attempts of flood mitigation but they are not happening quickly enough to see to the housing crisis. The residents are long, but their struggle to find housing is not unique to them, as the flooding was.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2023/1104/thumbnail.jp
