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Tolstoy and the Single-Tax Movement: Tracking the Later Fiction\u27s Political Impact
Get PDFLeo Tolstoy, a prominent author of the late nineteenth century, used his fiction to explore philosophical concepts and societal issues. His works gained popularity worldwide despite their plethora of radical ideas. In particular, the novel Resurrection discusses American economist Henry George’s single-tax proposal, which aligned with Tolstoy’s ethical and religious views. It proposed collecting rent from land use to fund public goods. Scholars have thoroughly explored the connections between Resurrection and Henry George; however, the cultural impacts of those connections remain ambiguous. Using Tolstoy’s later fiction, adaptations of Resurrection, personal letters, and journal articles discussing Tolstoy’s works, a clearer picture arises. I argue that Tolstoy had an extensive impact on several American politicians and his writings helped make single-tax ideas more digestible to the public. Additionally, the complicated reception of Tolstoy’s later work indicates why single-tax policies were never enacted on a large scale despite their apparent popularity.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1125/thumbnail.jp
Open Repository @ Binghamton Monthly Additions and Top Downloads - June 2024
Get PDFNewly added work in the Open Repository @ Binghamton (ORB) from 6/1/2024-6/30/2024. Top downloads from same time frame
A population-based study of children suggests blunted morning cortisol rhythms are associated with alterations of the systemic inflammatory state
Get PDFBackground: In children, digital media, lifestyle, and the COVID pandemic have impacted sunlight exposure, exercise, and diet patterns - cues that entrain the circadian clock. We hypothesized that low morning cortisol reflects a weak circadian clock, impacting the pro-inflammatory state. The primary objective was to test relationships between diurnal cortisol fluctuations and the inflammatory state in children as a means of providing indirect support for this hypothesis. Methods: The Cardiovascular Health Intervention Program (CHIP) was a population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal study of circadian health in public elementary school children in Southern Maine, USA (recruitment period 2012–2017). Participants were 689 students in 4th grade (baseline; age=9.2 ± 0.4 years), and 647 students in 5th grade (age=10.5 ± 0.5 years). Nine salivary cortisol measures per child (2 awakening and 1 prior to bed for 3 sequential days) (n = 1336 child phenotype days; n = 7987 cortisol assays), 10 cytokines measured in morning and evening saliva samples (n = 202 child phenotype days), and lipids were measured. Clinical outcomes were blood pressure, weight and height (body mass index [BMI]; BMI = kg/m2), among others. Findings: Upon-waking cortisol levels were 0.28 ± 0.13 µg/dL, 30-minute post-waking 0.33 ± 0.15 µg/dL, and evening 0.08 ± 0.10 µg/dL. Salivary cytokine levels (n = 202) showed interleukins (IL) IL-1β and IL-8 were highest in early morning (upon awakening; AM), and IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) TNF-α highest before bed (PM) (IL-1β AM \u3e PM [−4.02 fold; p \u3c 0.001]; IL-8 AM \u3e PM [−1.36 fold; p \u3c 0.001]; IL-6 AM \u3c PM [+1.49 fold; p \u3c 0.001]; TNF-α AM \u3c PM [+1.73 fold; p = 0.03]. Regression modeling showed high morning cortisol was associated with high morning IL-1β (p = 3.82 ×10−6), but low evening IL-1β (p = 6.27 ×10−4). Regression modeling of BMI z-score as the response variable showed the expected significant relationships to high density lipoprotein (HDL) (negative; p \u3c 0.001), mean arterial pressure (positive; p \u3c 0.001), and morning cortisol (negative; p = 0.01) but only weak relationships to either evening cortisol (p = 0.1) or cytokine (positive; p = 0.02; from the model with smallest Rsquared) levels. Interpretation: We provide preliminary data on diurnal fluctuations of inflammatory cytokines in saliva in a population-based cohort of children. Correlation of morning and evening cortisol levels with inflammatory cytokines in the same saliva samples showed that high morning cortisol was associated with high morning IL-1β and low evening IL-1β. Future studies may test the hypothesis that strong diurnal cycling of IL-1β may serve as a homeostatic mechanism keeping the immune system in check, and that low morning cortisol (possible circadian misalignment) may lead to less stringent control of inflammatory networks
National Parks Field Journal
Get PDFA handwritten, richly illustrated field journal by Binghamton University art major Isadora Davis, recording a trip through national parks in the American West via SUNY Broome\u27s BIO 217: Ecology of National Parks. Davis uses colored pencil drawings and pressed botanical specimens to record landscapes, birds, mammals, and plant life in Grand Teton, Yellowstone, Wind Cave, and Badlands National Parks, as well as Custer State Park. Davis\u27s sketches and diagrams visually explore how to decode past landscapes from current formations, while her written entries explain species diversity, animal behavior, and the mechanisms causing geological formations and geothermal events. Part memoir of discovery, part scientific guide, this journal is reminiscent of amateur naturalists\u27 diaries of the nineteenth century
A comprehensive survey of penicillin allergy education among United States Colleges and Schools of Pharmacy
Get PDFBackground: Pharmacy students should be prepared to evaluate, manage, and de-label penicillin allergies. It is unknown if, and to what extent, education about allergy management is included within the curriculum of United States Colleges and Schools of Pharmacy (USCSP). This study sought to evaluate if and how penicillin allergy education is delivered and assess faculty perceptions of student readiness.
Methods: A cross-sectional, multicenter, observational survey was developed by infectious diseases (ID) pharmacy faculty and sent to ID faculty or department chairs at 138 USCSP. The 39-item questionnaire was divided into demographics, incorporation of targeted or aligned penicillin allergy education in the program, penicillin allergy topics delivered, and respondents\u27 perceptions of penicillin allergy education.
Results: The survey response rate was 53% (73/138). The USCSP demographics included established for \u3e20 years (65.8%), curriculum length of 4 years (83.6%), semester format (74.0%), and class size of 51–100 students (42.5%). Respondents described the incorporation of targeted or aligned penicillin allergy delivery (47.9%). Targeted delivery occurred in either the required (57.5%) or elective curriculum (31.4%). Topics included definitions/epidemiology (92.8%), cross-reactivity (92.8%), pathophysiology (88.1%), patient assessment (73.8%), skin testing (71.4%), and desensitization (71.4%). Delivery methods were lecture-based (92.8%) and case-based (66.7%). The median perception (scale of 1–10) of student preparedness for evaluating and managing penicillin allergies after completion of the required and elective curriculum was 5.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 3.7–7.0) and 5.0 (3.0–7.3), respectively. Most (52.1%) perceived that penicillin allergy education deserves more time. Faculty from 45% of responding USCSP perceived students to be prepared to evaluate and manage penicillin allergies. Prepared students were more likely to have received case-based education (54.5% vs. 25.0%, p \u3c 0.01).
Conclusion: Penicillin allergy education in USCSP varies considerably. Most ID pharmacist faculty perceived that many students were unprepared to evaluate and manage penicillin allergies, and that more time should be allocated to penicillin allergy education
Emerging therapeutic strategies for Wnt-dependent colon cancer targeting macropinocytosis
Get PDFAberrations in the Wnt signaling pathway, particularly mutations in genes like APC and β-catenin, are pivotal in initiating and driving the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), establishing this pathway as a crucial target for therapeutic intervention. Membrane trafficking plays a key role in regulating Wnt signaling by controlling the activation, modulation, and secretion of essential signaling molecules that contribute to CRC progression. This review explores the connection between membrane trafficking and Wnt signaling, with a specific focus on macropinocytosis—an endocytic process involved in nutrient uptake that also plays a role in Wnt signal regulation. The relationship between Wnt signaling and macropinocytosis, critical in both embryonic development and cancer onset, reveals a new dimension for therapeutic intervention. Targeting Wnt signaling through the modulation of macropinocytosis and broader membrane trafficking pathways presents a promising therapeutic strategy, with several candidates already in early clinical trials. These emerging approaches underscore the potential of targeting Wnt and its associated membrane trafficking processes for CRC treatment, aligning with the development of innovative therapies
High-resolution agent-based modeling of campus population behaviors for pandemic response planning
No full textThis presentation reports an application of high-resolution agent-based modeling and simulation to COVID-19 pandemic response planning on our University campus that was conducted in the summer of 2020. Preprint: https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.1141
