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Water Quality Issues and Solutions for the Chesapeake Bay
Get PDFIs underfunding and poor financing contributing to your poor water quality? Runoff is when any harmful substance flows into our waterways and pollutes our drinking water. The main causes are chemicals and an excess of nutrients sourced from poor agricultural practices and stormwater runoff. Pennsylvania farms often unintentionally discharge manure and fertilizers into the Susquehanna River, which cascades into the Chesapeake Bay. The Watershed is a drinking water supply for millions of Americans. Though Pennsylvania already has policies in place, its programs are underfunded and understaffed. Additionally, there is a severe lack of green infrastructure to solve stormwater crises, adding to the issue. This research look at how policy change can fix these issues in Pennsylvania, New York, and the greater Chesapeake Bay Watershed. I look forward to speaking with changemakers on the ground to help me better understand which changes are necessary to facilitate a better Bay.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1109/thumbnail.jp
Preventing and Treating Staphylococcal Biofilm Infection with an Ancient Medicine
Get PDFBefore the antibiotic age, medicaments composed of natural substances were prescribed to clean, seal, and heal wounds. The De Materia Medica of Pedanius Dioscorides and the Historia Naturalis of Pliny the Elder, for instance, prescribed a combination of honey and narcissus (daffodil) for burn wounds. Liam McGuirk’s 2022 Honors Thesis found that this remedy inhibits Staphylococcus growth on bare well-plates and agar. This expanded project found that the treatment inhibits bacterial growth over several days, even when diluted in Brain-Heart Infusion medium (BHI). Furthermore, this medicament can stunt biofilms after two days of growth, both on keratinocytes (human skin cell constructs) and bare well plates. Biofilm infections of wounds pose a major threat to human health, both in classical antiquity and modernity, due to their resistance to antibiotic treatment. More investigation into this medicament’s biochemical components may yield a useful alternative treatment for wounds of all kinds.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1120/thumbnail.jp
Food Insecurity Associated with Increased Perceived Stress & Decreased Participation in Health Promoting Activities
Get PDFFood insecurity (FI) affects nearly 800 million globally. This study investigated the underexplored relationships between FI, health-promoting activities (HPAs), and perceived stress. An anonymous online survey was administered and results were analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient in SPSS Version 28.0. FI was negatively correlated with completing health care tasks (r= -0.136, p \u3c 0.01), engaging in social activities both active (r=-0.213, p \u3c 0.01) and not (r=-0.146, p \u3c 0.01), and confidence coping with problems (r=-0.233, p \u3c 0.01). FI was positively correlated with perceived stress (r=0.155, p \u3c 0.01). These findings align with prior research and discuss possible mediation through stress mindset interventions and education of nutrition beyond Westernized diets. This study gives insights into the dynamics between FI, HPAs, and perceived stress, laying the groundwork for more robust longitudinal research to create a comprehensive understanding of FI relationships.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1122/thumbnail.jp
Ensuring Equity: Investigation Of The Impact Of A Guaranteed Annual Income On The Homeless Population Of Binghamton
Get PDFThe homeless population of Broome County has grown by 50% from 2020 to 2022. While traditional social programs to address homelessness have emphasized shelters, rehabilitation programs, and supportive housing, a growing body of evidence suggests that direct cash transfers to the homeless carry substantial benefits. A study in Vancouver found that cash aid recipients significantly reduced nights spent outdoors and in shelters; advocates also argue that cash is empowering and less paternalistic than in-kind benefits. This project asks how direct cash transfers, in the form of a guaranteed annual income (GAI), would affect Binghamton’s homeless population. Using demographic statistics, pilot program data, a review of public policy scholarship, and interviews conducted with local organizations, this research explores the potential impact of a GAI on the local homeless community. The benefits include reduction in healthcare spending, increased health, better social relations, increased savings, increased housing stability, and ability to meet basic needs.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1156/thumbnail.jp
Na,K-ATPase activity promotes macropinocytosis in colon cancer via Wnt signaling
Get PDFRecent research has shown that membrane trafficking plays an important role in canonical Wnt signaling through sequestration of the β-catenin destruction complex inside multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and lysosomes. In this study, we introduce Ouabain, an inhibitor of the Na,K-ATPase pump that establishes electric potentials across membranes, as a potent inhibitor of Wnt signaling. We find that Na,K-ATPase levels are elevated in advanced colon carcinoma, that this enzyme is elevated in cancer cells with constitutively activated Wnt pathway and is activated by GSK3 inhibitors that increase macropinocytosis. Ouabain blocks macropinocytosis, which is an essential step in Wnt signaling, probably explaining the strong effects of Ouabain on this pathway. In Xenopus embryos, brief Ouabain treatment at the 32-cell stage, critical for the earliest Wnt signal in development-inhibited brains, could be reversed by treatment with Lithium chloride, a Wnt mimic. Inhibiting membrane trafficking may provide a way of targeting Wnt-driven cancers
Data for: Polyethylene polymer type and soil properties determine impacts of microplastic pollution on arugula growth
No full textFrom the manuscript abstract:
While microplastics have become a novel pollutant of concern, few studies have directly compared different polymers’ effects on plants. We investigated the effects of high-density (HDPE) and low-density (LDPE) polyethylene on arugula growth. We hypothesized that polyethylene microplastics would inhibit growth and that LDPE would have a greater effect than HDPE due to its branched structure and lower density. We grew arugula (Eruca vesicaria) in plain soil or soil mixed with HDPE or LDPE microplastics. To determine if microplastic effects are dependent on soil quality, we used two kinds of fresh soil and reused one type of old soil in which microplastics had incubated. We measured leaf length, width, and number, plant height, root length, dry biomass, and percent water composition. LDPE treatment decreased dry biomass in new Promix soil and exacerbated the negative soil effects on leaf length and number. HDPE decreased height, root length, and dry biomass overall, but its effects varied by soil group. Additionally, old and new Promix treatments were frequently significantly different when their controls were not. LDPE has more negative effects than HDPE, depending on soil type
Open Repository @ Binghamton Monthly Additions and Top Downloads - September 2024
Get PDFNewly added work in the Open Repository @ Binghamton (ORB) from 9/1/2024-9/30/2024. Top downloads from same time frame
Sustainability Hub Newsletter - October 2024
Get PDFHappy Fall Bearcats! This month’s issue highlights books in our collection by Indigenous authors, and shares some tips on how to have a more sustainable Halloween! Also check out our seed and recipe of the month, sustainable swap suggestions, and other announcements
Experimental data for: Effects of network connectivity and functional diversity distribution on human collective ideation
No full textThis is the dataset collected from our online human-subject experiments described in the following manuscript:
Yiding Cao, Yingjun Dong, Minjun Kim, Neil G. MacLaren, Sriniwas Pandey, Shelley D. Dionne, Francis J. Yammarino, and Hiroki Sayama: Effects of Network Connectivity and Functional Diversity Distribution on Human Collective Ideation https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.0428
Open Repository @ Binghamton Monthly Additions and Top Downloads - October 2024
Get PDFNewly added work in the Open Repository @ Binghamton (ORB) from 10/1/2024-10/31/2024. Top downloads from same time frame