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Workplace Immigration Enforcement and Undocumented Immigrants\u27 Continuing Presence in the Low-wage Labor Market
Get PDFDespite extensive and ongoing immigration enforcement efforts, undocumented workers continue to have a place in the United States’ economy, primarily in the low-wage labor market. I argue that this is a result of immigration law and enforcement reducing undocumented workers’ workplace rights. First, I draw on court cases and legislative history to illustrate how laws such as the Immigration Control and Reform Act have been interpreted and expanded to limit undocumented workers’ rights under the National Labor Relations Act. Second, I examine the meatpacking industry to illustrate how immigration enforcement has reduced undocumented workers’ willingness to access workplace rights, which has only made undocumented workers more desirable to employers who seek a compliant and manipulable workforce. I use newspaper articles, Immigration and Customs Enforcement reports, and think tank reports to demonstrate how immigration enforcement tactics, including workplace raids and employment verification programs, have heightened undocumented workers’ fear in meatpacking plants but not reduced their presence in the industry. I incorporate past research concerning behavioral trends among undocumented workers, as well as studies concerning the conflict between immigration and labor laws, to explain why immigration enforcement has compounded undocumented workers’ exploitation in the workplace and cemented, rather than disturbed, their presence in the United States’ workforce.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1035/thumbnail.jp
Staying On Track: The Effects Of Pre-college Tracking on Academic Self-concept of College Students
Get PDFThe transition to institutes of higher education such as colleges and universities can be stressful for many students who are more comfortable with high school academics. Students may begin to question their academic abilities and self-concept as a learner. Additionally, one factor that many students experience in their pre-college schooling is tracking. Tracking is defined as the process of separating students by academic ability into groups/classes/levels. This study explores the relationship between pre-college tracking and the academic self-concept of college students, which is defined as the perception that a student has about his/her own academic abilities. Data for this non-experimental study was collected through a survey. The survey included demographic questions, experiences with tracking in K-12 schooling, and forty-questions regarding participants’ academic self-concept. It is hypothesized that students who were placed in lower tracks in their pre-college education will have lower academic self-concepts. These results will show how tracking and academic self-concept relates to performance in college and beyond, including potential effects on future choices such as career direction.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1039/thumbnail.jp
The Shortcomings of the Risk Classification Assessment Tool of the U.S. Immigration Customs and Enforcement
Get PDFAs of March 2019, the United States Department of Homeland Security held about 50,000 adult migrants in detention every day, and almost 375,000 immigrants were in detention during the 2019 fiscal year. Since 2013, whether an immigrant is detained or released is determined by an automated decision-making system, the Risk Classification Assessment (RCA). The RCA reportedly uses an automated algorithm to, in theory, determine an immigrant\u27s threat to public safety or risk of flight, which then indicates if the immigrant will be held in custody. The research demonstrates that over time, the RCA algorithm has been manipulated to adversely affect immigrants’ status outcome. This presentation argues that the Trump administration’s actions resulted in the number of immigrants granted release to drastically plummet, causing unjustified incarceration. Furthermore, it dives deep into the shortcomings of the United States Immigration Customs and Enforcement’s RCA tool and how its employment is unethical, unlawful, and has resulted in innumerable detrimental consequences to immigrants. To build an argument, this project is based on evidence presented by lawsuits against ICE, research papers, industry interviews, and immigrant testimonies. Additionally, this project uses its sources to give background information on how the algorithm functions and examples of inputs. As a result, the implications of this research reveals the Risk Classification Assessment should not be used as it has been by the United States Immigration Customs and Enforcement.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1046/thumbnail.jp
The role of culture in sustainable communities: the case of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile)
Get PDFWe explore how the combination of cultural heritage and present-day cultural affili- ations influences the construction of the concept of sustainability at the scale of the community using the case study of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile). We argue that overlapping affiliations—expressed through administrative culture, organizational culture, and professional culture—influence the views held by governance leaders. Furthermore, the role of cultural heritage must be considered in efforts to change and perpetuate sustainability-related behaviors within a community. Using archeo- logical and historical evidence from the pre-contact and historical record of Rapa Nui, we discuss how cultural heritage evolved endogenously in response to biophysical and socio-economic forces. We then explore how this cultural heritage inter- acts with cultural affiliations thorugh the analysis of interviews with six governance leaders. Five different discourses that reflect elements of the common heritage of the respondents as well as elements of their various administrative/organizational/ professional cultural affiliations emerge from this analysis
Population structure drives cultural diversity in finite populations: A hypothesis for localized community patterns on Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile)
Get PDFUnderstanding how and why cultural diversity changes in human populations remains a central topic of debate in cultural evolutionary studies. Due to the effects of drift, small and isolated populations face evolutionary challenges in the retention of richness and diversity of cultural information. Such variation, however, can have significant fitness consequences, particularly when environmental conditions change unpredictably, such that knowledge about past environments may be key to long-term persistence. Factors that can shape the outcomes of drift within a population include the semantics of the traits as well as spatially structured social networks. Here, we use cultural transmission simulations to explore how social network structure and interaction affect the rate of trait retention and extinction. Using Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile) as an example, we develop a model-based hypothesis for how the structural constraints of communities living in small, isolated populations had dramatic effects and likely led to preventing the loss of cultural information in both community patterning and technology
Development and conservation of flood plains
Get PDFIn Broome County flooding has been a core cause of property damage and a danger to residents; most recently historic flooding occurred in 1976, 2006, and 201l. The reoccurrence of record-breaking floods in the County has become an alarming issue and has caused hundreds of millions in property damage in the past decade alone. In a shift from prior prevention methods using levees, floodwalls, and dams, the County government has moved towards enacting smaller-scale flood mitigation strategies. The conservation and protection of floodplains allow for the increased absorption capacity of wetlands, thus lowering the extent of flooding damages. Thus opportunities arise in Broome County for increased cooperation between urban and rural legislators, in the combined effort of preventing flood damages through maximizing the County’s wetland absorption capabilities. Through data collected from government websites, local news articles, and interviews with County legislators this study describes the current situation in Broome County, comparing currently planned policies with existing flood problems throughout the County. Increased urban and rural communication and cooperation allows for more effective policies to be implemented, limiting the opportunity costs that arise from protecting unnecessary flood plains while maximizing the effectiveness of flood mitigation strategies throughout the County
Torus Knot (3,1) Australian Red Coolibah Burl Cap
No full textThe burl cap was rather large and heavy, so I am cutting it into smaller pieces for carving separate sculptures. I made one into a (3,1) torus knot, and another into a (3,5) torus knot. Both are about 4.25 in diameter and 1.25 thick. A burl has very interesting grain, as well as intrusions, which show in these as dark cracks and black sections. Image 1 of 3https://orb.binghamton.edu/mathematical_sculptures/1599/thumbnail.jp
An Observation of Binghamton\u27s Armory
Get PDFThis piece offers a history of the Armory in downtown Binghamton, NY based on fire insurance maps and the author\u27s personal observations
Conversar es mejor: Experimentos deliberativos para la resolución de conflictos microterritoriales
No full textAbstract. The following analysis develops a wider research program that focuses on making a contribution to solve social conflicts through argumentation. Therefore, it presents a political sciences theory background that emphasises on applied rhetoric and deliberation in scenarios characterized by both high levels adversity and social capital. Based on this perspective of policy analysis and theory, it is possible to have a better glimpse at the complex network of social interactions laying under the process of constructions of the public sphere. Hence, this paper studies the possibilities of implementing micro-territorial deliberation instruments as conflict resolution tools for the city of Medellin (Colombia), thus, calling them deliberative experiments