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Mycena spp.
Get PDFID number: 23.32.03.2021https://orb.binghamton.edu/macrofungi_eastbrookvalley/1061/thumbnail.jp
Russula spp.
Get PDFID number: 28.39.03.2021https://orb.binghamton.edu/macrofungi_eastbrookvalley/1084/thumbnail.jp
Sebacina schweinitzii
Get PDFID number: 30.42.01.2021https://orb.binghamton.edu/macrofungi_eastbrookvalley/1089/thumbnail.jp
Be Still My Racing Heart: An Analysis of Worry Content and Stress Responses in Hookups
Get PDFThe original conceptualization of a stress response revolves around the concept of “fight or flight,” but work led by Shelley Taylor illuminated a unique response to danger called “tend and befriend.” Taylor’s theory posits that some people, especially women, exhibit behaviors related to the protection of offspring (“tending”) the seeking out of social support and affiliation for the purpose of mutual protection and comfort (“befriending”). While this theory has been applied primarily to life-threatening dangers, it can also be applied to sexual situations, including hook-ups, which have the potential to turn violent or forceful, triggering a stress response. Through this lens, differences in the nature of responses to stressful hook-up situations were analyzed to evaluate their relationship with the content of one’s worries related to hook-ups. A large sample of young adults completed a survey on hookup behavior that included questions about how worried they were during hookups and questions about the nature of stress responses. Results indicated that there is a range of responses that includes fight or flight responses, tend and befriend responses and freezing responses. Results are discussed in relation to Taylor’s theory and gender roles.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1001/thumbnail.jp
Food Insecurity Programs in Broome County Schools
Get PDFFood insecurity is a serious problem in schools across Broome County, and the programs implemented to mitigate its effects must be researched and assessed for their effectiveness. Food insecurity affects hundreds of children throughout the county, causing health effects like diabetes and a drop in academic performance. The programs that work to lessen these effects in Broome County, including the Rock on Café and Binghamton University Food Pantry, aim to provide nutritional and affordable food to students on all educational levels. In order to assess these programs, I am interviewing organizers of such programs and asking them questions to gather qualitative data on the effects of food insecurity. Additionally, I am utilizing survey results of Binghamton University students and studies on Broome County food insecurity to find both qualitative and quantitative data for evaluation. I intend to find statistics on the number of students that require such programs and the nutritional level of the food provided within the interviews and survey. In interviewing those involved in the food insecurity programs, I will have descriptions of the workings of these programs and how effective they have found them to be in increasing academic performance and decreasing adverse health effects. Based on literature review and preliminary data, it seems while there are an abundance of food deserts within Broome County, the food supplement programs are providing nutritional food to many students while continually expanding the programs to reach a broader population. This research will provide an overview of the current situation of food insecurity in Broome County schools and how effectively it is being managed through statistics on students utilizing the program and the perspective of individuals who see the program in use.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1020/thumbnail.jp
Ups and Downs: Readers’ Simulation of a Story Character’s Movement
Get PDFIt has been shown that readers comprehend stories through mental simulation of characters’ experiences and, in some cases, the embodiment of characters’ actions and perceptions. Reading about a story character’s movement leads readers to mentally simulate the same movement. For example, research by Dils and Boroditsky (2010) has suggested that readers\u27 perception of the orientation of ambiguous images was influenced by the direction story characters travelled. In the current experiment, participants will read a story describing a character watching a glass elevator moving either up or down. The story will be presented on a computer monitor, with the first line being presented at the bottom of the screen and each successive line appearing above the last. In other words, reading will be from bottom to top. Reading times will be recorded. If the movement of story characters is simulated by readers then reading times should be faster when the elevator is described as moving upward rather than downward. In the upward condition, the movement described in the story is congruent with reading direction, facilitating comprehension.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1023/thumbnail.jp
Analyzing The Connection Between Illicit ADHD Medication Use and Caffeine Use
Get PDFOver the past decade, the illicit use of ADHD medication has become an increasingly popular method for students on college campuses believing that it will boost their academic performance. The use of such drugs in an academic setting has been shown to temporarily increase one\u27s ability to concentrate and study efficiency. Caffeine is another substance widely consumed by college students that supports focus and concentration. Both caffeine and ADHD medications are considered stimulants, although caffeine is a weaker form. Stimulants have been described to prime the brain for further stimulant use. As part of a larger study, we investigate whether the use of caffeine is correlated with ADHD medication use. An anonymous survey was shared on social media targeting U.S. college students. Demographic questions included gender, age, major, and academic class. Other questions asked were about the use of illicit ADHD medication, frequency, and perception. Over 500 undergraduate students from campuses across the Northeast completed the survey. Data was collected using a Google survey and analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient in SPSS, Version 25.0. Data collection is still going on. Our results suggest that there might be an association between high caffeine use and use of stimulants.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1027/thumbnail.jp
Evaluation of Dopamine D3 Receptor Antagonists PG01037, PG01042, and VK4-116 Against D1R-induced Dyskinesia
Get PDFParkinson’s Disease (PD) results in motor deficits that can be relieved with L-DOPA, a dopamine (DA) replacement therapy. Unfortunately, chronic treatment often leads to L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), a debilitating side effect characterized by abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs). Overactivity of the direct striatonigral pathway is seen in LID and is characterized by potent changes in D1 and D3 receptors (D1R, D3R). Further, D1R and D3R may physically and functionally interact to form D1R-D3R heteromer thereby potentiating LID. This D1R-D3R heteromer uniquely switches from G-protein dependent to G-protein independent signaling, allowing for an avenue to manage LID. To uncover the role of these pathways in LID, Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered hemi-parkinsonian and treated daily for 2 weeks with L-DOPA (6 mg/kg; s.c.) to induce stable LID. In a within subjects, counterbalanced design, they were then split into treatment groups that received D3R antagonists: PG01037 (10, 30 mg/kg; i.p.), PG01042 (5, 10 mg/kg; i.p.), or VK4-116 (10, 20 mg/kg; i.p.). PG01037 (PG1) is a mixed D3R antagonist, acting at both the G-protein dependent and independent pathways. PG01042 (PG2) acts as an antagonist on G-protein independent signaling and VK4-116 acts as a G-protein dependent antagonist. All drugs were tested against D1R agonist-induced dyskinesia with SKF38393 (2mg/kg; s.c.). The only effects found were with PG2 which implicates promotion of the D1R G-protein dependent pathway as contributing to D1R-induced dyskinesia. Future studies with these drugs and L-DOPA treatment should unveil the importance of D1R, D3R, and D1R-D3R influences in the presence of the natural ligand DA.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1038/thumbnail.jp
Art as an Escape from Torture
Get PDF“I think about how to get out of this prison. Despite being in prison, I try as much as I can to get my soul out of prison. I live a different life when I am making art.” Moath Al-Alwi, a detainee at the Guantánamo Bay naval detention center in Cuba, expresses the importance of art as a means of escape from his current conditions of imprisonment in a letter to his lawyer. Now approximately 40 years old, having spent half of his life at Guantánamo without ever being charged with a crime, Moath turns to his imagination for release. In an effort to combat terrorism and house suspected terrorists following the attacks of September 11, 2001, the United States opened the detention facilities in Guantánamo (GTMO) in 2002. Research and legal cases on behalf of detainees have emphasized the injustice of indefinite detention and the extreme violations of human rights that take place in GTMO. The detainees are not protected by the Geneva Convention or recognized as prisoners of war. While torture is considered to be a heinous crime against humanity, the US argues that their torturous practices are not actually torture through the use of euphemisms. Detainees are essentially only entitled to Habeas Corpus rights, which allows them to question why they are being held. To escape their circumstances, many channel their emotions into art. GTMO implemented an art program in 2010 that allowed detainees to participate in classes on a biweekly basis. While in class, detainees remain shackled to the floor and have only basic supplies, and their art is subject to destruction at any time. In this project, I analyze how detainees use the artistic process in extremely difficult circumstances to create alternatives for themselves that do not exist in their legal and physical contexts. Building off the work of research on the restrictions that the U.S. imposes on artwork in Guantánamo, I investigate the extent to which detainees can truly escape torture through art because they lack freedom of expression within GTMO.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1044/thumbnail.jp
The Study of mpValCitGlyPro Linker for Alcohol Payload Release
Get PDFAntibody-drug-conjugates (ADCs) are a class of drugs that deliver potent payloads to specific cells or tissues via cell-specific uptake. ADCs are composed of an antibody that is specific to the intended target which is tethered to a payload by a cleavable linker. They are unique because they have the ability to deliver extremely cytotoxic payloads to only certain areas of the body without harming non-targeted tissues. There are currently ten ADCs that are FDA approved, most of which release amine-containing payloads. There is very limited technology that is effective for releasing alcohol-containing payloads. We have designed a tetrapeptide linker referred to as ”ValCitGlyPro” that has shown success when compared to a simple ester linker (“mc”). We demonstrate that the mc linker is not readily cleaved by lysosomes, while the ValCitGlyPro linker is. Further, we demonstrate that this linker has modest stability in mouse and human serum. Finally, we have evaluated various breast-cancer-targeting ADCs with both the mpValCitGlyPro and the mc linker and have measured the intracellular payload concentration in a breast cancer cell line. Together, this data is being used to evaluate whether the ValCitGlyPro linker system is a suitable technology for the delivery of alcohol-containing payloads.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2021/1050/thumbnail.jp