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Trefoil Knots, bronze and copper wire
No full textTwo trefoil knots, one from a 1/4 bronze rod 48 long and another from a smaller length of copper wire. The bronze rod knot came out to be about 9 across and a bit flat, very similar to one I made a long time ago. The one made from a heavy copper wire came out to be about 5 x3 x3 , more like what I wanted.https://orb.binghamton.edu/mathematical_sculptures/1615/thumbnail.jp
Trefoil Knot, 48 copper wire. Figure 1
No full textA trefoil knot from a 48 length of gauge 4 copper wire. The size of the piece came out to be 8 x5 x5 .https://orb.binghamton.edu/mathematical_sculptures/1616/thumbnail.jp
Torus link (4,2) Purpleheart wood. Figure 1
No full textA 4,2 torus link carved from Purpleheart wood. completed four new wooden torus knot sculptures, two from Purpleheart wood and two from Olivewood. One of the Purpleheart pieces came from a 2 x6 x6 block, and all the others were from 2 x4 x4 blocks. I made two (3,5) torus knots, one from the larger Purpleheart block and one from an Olivewood block. The other two smaller blocks were made into torus links, that is, two (2,1) torus knots linked, which happens when you make a (4,2) torus ``knot .https://orb.binghamton.edu/mathematical_sculptures/1629/thumbnail.jp
Torus link (4,2) Purpleheart wood. Figure 3
No full textA 4,2 torus link carved from Purpleheart wood. completed four new wooden torus knot sculptures, two from Purpleheart wood and two from Olivewood. One of the Purpleheart pieces came from a 2 x6 x6 block, and all the others were from 2 x4 x4 blocks. I made two (3,5) torus knots, one from the larger Purpleheart block and one from an Olivewood block. The other two smaller blocks were made into torus links, that is, two (2,1) torus knots linked, which happens when you make a (4,2) torus ``knot .https://orb.binghamton.edu/mathematical_sculptures/1631/thumbnail.jp
Trefoil knot, Figured Maple 2, Figure 3
No full textI completed carving two more versions of the Trefoil Knot, these made from a piece of Figured Maple which was originally 3.25 x8 x8 . I split it into two pieces each of size 1.5 x8 x8 , and the final results were about 7.5 in diameter and 1.5 thick.https://orb.binghamton.edu/mathematical_sculptures/1644/thumbnail.jp
The Architecture and Landscape of Slavery in Fredericksburg, Virginia
Get PDFThe African Americans who endured institutional enslavement played a critical role in the history of Fredericksburg from its 18th-century founding to its Civil War era turmoil. Only recently have historians, archaeologists, and architectural historians brought scholarly and more public attention to bear on the people who comprised over a third of the city’s population as well as its main labor force. Surprisingly little archaeological work on slave-related sites and structures has occurred. This research relies on a combination of architectural and documentary evidence to visualize slavery’s built environment in Fredericksburg as well as the demographic and cultural parameters that framed slaves’ lives. A series of contextual predictions for slave-related sites and households are advanced that hopefully archaeologists will test with future excavations. Such efforts would allow archaeologists to better characterize Fredericksburg’s bonded African Americans as active consumers, agents of change, and members of their own vibrant community
Computational investigation of calmodulin photocontrol with the help of an azobenzene derivative
Get PDFThe ability to control the activity and binding capability of enzymes in a reversible manner offers tremendous control over biological processes. Photocontrol, in particular, is promising in that electromagnetic radiation can be fine-tuned in terms of its strength, location, and duration. Photosensitive compounds, such as the azobenzene family, experience an isomerization at certain wavelengths, and attaching these compounds to enzymes has the potential to alter their structure and activity. Calmodulin (CaM) is a Ca2+ -sensitive signaling protein that has the ability to affect several downstream processes in eukaryotes and is an excellent target for photocontrol due to its small size and biological ubiquity. Each of CaM’s globular domains contain two EF-binding loops with the ability to bind Ca2+ ions. CaM primarily functions by receiving Ca2+ -ion signals and transducing these signals by binding to target proteins, including myosin light chain kinase, calcitonin, and several phosphatases. Computational methods such as molecular dynamics (MD) are a practical approach that allow the simulation of large biochemical systems. In this study, classical MD (cMD) simulations were used with the intention of determining the binding free energy of Ca2+ to CaM, and accelerated MD (aMD) trajectories were used to simulate the attachment of two conformations of PAM to different residue locations on CaM. The cMD simulations showed the ability of CaM to bind monovalent solvent ions, while the aMD simulations displayed different behavior between the cis- and trans- conformations of PAM
Synthesis and characterization of ternary Pt nanoally catalysts for fuel cells
Get PDFA hydrogen fuel cell is an electrochemical device that converts oxygen and hydrogen into electrical energy while producing water as the only by-product, which has attracted growing interest, especially in the automotive industry. This technology is efficient and has zero pollution to the environment, in contrast to the direct use of fossil fuels in combustion engines which produce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. One of the key components for hydrogen fuel cells is the catalyst that operates at the cathode, which currently use platinum. Due to the scarce amount of platinum in the world, the manufacturing cost for fuel cells is high. This is one of the main reasons why fuel cell vehicles are not widely commercialized. In order to address the high cost of platinum, one of the approaches is to alloy different transition metals such as iron and nickel with platinum for the preparation of the catalysts. This thesis work has investigated different synthesis techniques for the preparation of various ternary nanoalloy catalysts. Characterization of the nanoalloy structures were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Inductively Coupled Plasma- Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) methods. The XRD results showed a clear dependence of the lattice constants on the ternary composition. ICP results showed the high controllability of the nanoalloys at various compositions. Membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was prepared with selected catalysts, and the catalytic performance was tested in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Results will be discussed along with the implication of the findings for the design of low-cost and durable catalysts for fuel cell applications