Kwara State University Journals
Not a member yet
291 research outputs found
Sort by
A lightweight deep learning model for intrusion detection in Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) devices using weight pruning technique
Get PDFThe Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has transformed modern healthcare by enabling seamless data collection and monitoring through connected medical devices. However, the growing interconnectivity of these devices exposes them to serious cyber security threats, such as unauthorized access, data tampering, and denial-of-service attacks. These risks are heightened by the limited computing and memory resources of IoMT devices, which make traditional intrusion detection systems unsuitable. This study proposes a lightweight deep neural network model optimized for resource-constrained IoMT environments. The model integrates Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction and weight pruning techniques to minimize model complexity while maintaining high detection performance. Experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction in model size to 84 KB with 98% detection accuracy, outperforming state-of-the-art methods. This research provides an efficient and deployable security solution that strengthens the resilience of IoMT devices without overwhelming their limited computational capacity
Performance, prime cut, abdominal fat and meat quality of broiler chickens on diets supplemented with dried powdered spices and tomato fruit
No full textImproving broiler growth and meat quality remains an important focus in poultry production. This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of dried powdered spices and tomato fruit on growth performance, carcass yield and meat quality of broiler chickens. A total of 225 one-day-old Ross chicks were assigned to five dietary treatments: T1, basal diet (BD); T2, BD + black pepper powder (BPP); T3, BD + tomato fruit powder (TFP); T4, BD + ginger powder (GNP); and T5, BD + chili pepper powder (CPP) and fed for six weeks using a completely randomised design experiment. Birds on BD treatment had higher (P<0.05) final body weight, greater weight gain and more efficient feed conversion than those on other treatments. Breast meat yield was higher (P<0.05) in BD and BPP than in other treatments. BD birds also had higher pH, while waterholding capacity was greater in TFP and CPP than in other treatments. Overall, birds on BPP treatment had superior sensory attributes compared with . In conclusion, supplementing broiler diet with dried powdered spices and tomato fruits significantly enhanced growth performance and meat quality, highlighting the potential of these additives for optimizing poultry nutrition and product quality
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CORPORATE CRIMINALITY: EMERGING CHALLENGES IN LIABILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY
Get PDFTraditional liability doctrines such as vicarious liability, the identification doctrine, and organisational fault, struggle to accommodate AI-driven decisions, particularly where autonomous systems act without direct human involvement. This article examines the emerging challenges of corporate criminal liability in the age of artificial intelligence (AI). It explored how AI is deployed as both a tool and a potential perpetrator of corporate misconduct, ranging from algorithmic trading and collusion to money laundering and cybercrime. The article adopted a doctrinal methodology drawing on primary and secondary sources of Law in Nigerian, as well as other jurisdictions. The article found that while AI itself cannot bear criminal responsibility, corporations must remain accountable for the risks created by its deployment. The article recommends reforms, including stricter compliance obligations, hybrid liability models, and harmonisation of international regulatory standards. In addition, regulatory frameworks must increasingly emphasise the role of corporate governance structures, compliance programmes, whistleblowing mechanisms, and independent algorithmic audits as essential safeguards against the risks posed by AI deployment and misuse. The paper concludes that effective governance of AI within corporate contexts will depend on striking an appropriate balance between fostering innovation and ensuring accountability
RECONCEPTUALIZING TAX ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA: THE IMPERATIVE OF A SPECIALIZED TAX ENFORCEMENT COMMISSION
Get PDFIn Nigeria, combination of tax legislations provides punitive measures for tax defaulters. However, enforcing these sanctions necessitates pro cedures like arrests, investigations, detentions, and prosecutions. A major hurdle lies in the fact that, while the responsibility for these processes falls on the shoulders of tax authorities, they aren\u27t equipped with inherent police powers. As a result, their effectiveness often relies on collaborations with the Police and other law enforcement bodies. Unfortunately, these entities, already grappling with internal complexities, find themselves stretched thin amidst Nigeria\u27s escalating insecurity challenges. This paper adopts the doctrinal research method and relies on the primary and secondary sources of Nigerian Laws. The aim of this paper is to delve deep into the intricacies of tax crime enforcement in Nigeria, analyzing the current collaboration dynamics. In light of the evident challenges and inefficiencies, it underscores the pivotal recommendation of establishing a new, sui generis police force, akin to the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), dedicated solely to tax enforcement. This dedicated entity would streamline tax law enforcement, ensuring rigorous oversight and more efficient prosecution of tax-related crimes
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND NIGERIAN EMPLOYMENT LAW: REGULATING ALGORITHMIC HIRING, MONITORING AND TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT
Get PDFArtificial Intelligence (AI) is redefining employment relationships globally, with significant implications for how workers are recruited, monitored and terminated. In Nigeria, employers are increasingly deploying AI tools in candidate screening, productivity tracking, and decision-making processes. While these technologies promise efficiency, objectivity, and cost reduction, they raise critical concerns about fairness, privacy, and accountability. AI-driven recruitment systems risk embedding algorithmic bias; workplace surveillance threatens constitutional rights to dignity and privacy; and “robo-firing,” where automated tools drive termination decisions, jeopardises due process guarantes Nigeria’s Labour Act 2004, the primary statute governing employment, was designed for a human-centric workplace and remains silent on these developments. The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 provides rights to dignity, fair hearing, and privacy, but these provisions hav are yet to be judicially tested in the context of AI-driven employment practices. The Nigerian Data Protection Act 2023 introduces safeguards on data processing but does not adequately address employment-specific vulnerabilities. This article interrogates the adequacy of Nigeria’s current legal framework in regulating AI in employment, situating the analysis within global debates and comparative regulatory frameworks such as the European Union Artificial Intelligence Act and the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission’s guidelines on algorithmic decision-making. It argues for a rights-based regulatory approach that integrates transparency, accountability, and human oversight. The paper concludes that unless Nigeria adapts its employment law to the realities of AI, workers will remain exposed to discrimination, undue surveillance, and arbitrary termination of employment in the digital econom
THE ROLE OF BLOCKCHAIN IN SECURING ONLINE TRANSACTIONS
Get PDFIn today\u27s digital era, online commercial transactions have become an integral part of global trade, reshaping traditional marketplaces through the power of the internet. However, the growth of e-commerce has come with serious concerns surrounding the security, transparency, and trustworthiness of transactions conducted virtually. A major challenge remains the vulnerability of centralized systems to fraud, data breaches, and manipulation. This paper critically examines the role of blockchain technology in securing online transactions, offering a detailed analysis of how its features such as decentralization, immutability, transparency, and automation through smart contracts address existing shortcomings in traditional e-commerce systems. The paper adopts a doctrinal research methodology, relying on secondary data from academic journals, textbooks, online articles, and relevant case studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. The core objective of this paper is to establish how blockchain enhances the safety and credibility of online transactions, thereby boosting consumer confidence in digital marketplaces. It also aims to clarify the public misconception that blockchain is synonymous with cryptocurrency, while emphasizing its broader applicability. Findings suggest that blockchain significantly reduces human error, eliminates the need for third-party verification, and ensures transaction integrity through a decentralized and tamper-proof ledger. Smart contracts further automate and enforce agreements without the need for intermediaries, making transactions faster, more efficient, and more secure. The paper recommends the adoption of blockchain infrastructure by major online platforms, the education of stakeholders on its uses beyond cryptocurrency, and the creation of supportive regulatory frameworks to govern its deployment. In conclusion, blockchain stands out as a revolutionary tool in securing online transactions, promising a future of safer, faster, and more transparent digital commerce
A Critical Review of Strategies and Methods of Learning and Teaching French in Nigeria
Get PDF The study examines the critical concepts of French language teaching and learning in Nigeria, addressing the increasing demand for French proficiency driven by globalization and Nigeria\u27s historical, economic, and cultural ties with Francophone countries. Despite its importance, French language education in Nigeria encounters significant challenges. This study focuses on various language learning strategies and pedagogical methods, particularly communicative and task-based approaches, to enhance language acquisition, proficiency and teaching. Through a qualitative research design involving an extensive literature review, the study analyses the adaptation and implementation of these strategies and methods. The findings underscore the potential of these strategies to improve language learning outcomes, fostering greater autonomy and effectiveness among Nigerian learners. Furthermore, the study explores the evolution of language teaching methodologies, highlighting the communicative and task-based methods’ focus on real-life communication and the emphasis on functional language use. The study contributes to the understanding of effective French language education, providing insights for educators and policymakers to address existing challenges and improve teaching practices
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CHALLENGES TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN HOST-COMMUNITIES IN NIGERIA UNDER THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY ACT, 2021
Get PDFEnvironmental degradation and elevated rates of poverty in the Niger Delta Region have been attributed to the activities of multinational oil and gas companies. The petroleum laws in Nigeria have provisions that forbid oil companies from contaminating the environment while conducting business. Host communities have found it difficult to challenge the statutory provisions that hold oil companies accountable for environmental preservation. The Petroleum Industry Act of 2021 was passed in part to allay the host community\u27s misgivings by establishing the institutional framework for the execution of community development projects and initiatives that firmly establish sustainable environment and economic prosperity. The paper analyses the challenges to the community development initiatives. The paper found that despite the significant resources invested in the creation of numerous development agencies over the years, the initiatives are inevitably impacted by lack of transparency which breeds conflicts. The paper suggests modifying the regulatory framework to suit specific projects focused on this goal