Kwara State University Journals
Not a member yet
291 research outputs found
Sort by
Comparative analysis of selected data mining algorithms for intrusion detection system
Get PDFDue to the growth of information technology, there is a tremendous increase in demand for network connectivity by individuals and organisations, thereby making network security more worrisome than ever. An intrusion detection system is one of the security solutions employed to protect network-based information systems from unauthorised access or information misuse. Data mining and machine learning techniques are important fields of study that have been applied to the area of intrusion detection domain with different classification algorithms due to their ability to learn from a very large amount of data. However, identification of an appropriate and efficient technique and algorithms for building an intrusion detection system remains an increasing challenge. This study focuses on evaluating the performance of five well-known classification algorithms: Decision Tree, Naive Bayes, C4.5, K – Nearest Neighbour, and ID3, on a popular intrusion detection benchmark dataset (KDD). The result of the evaluation shows that K-nearest neighbour outperformed other algorithms with high accuracy of 99.97%, a low error rate of 0.03, and fast building time of 0.07 seconds which demonstrate its appropriateness for efficient intrusion detection system
Appraisal of the Role of Legal Research Assistant to Judges in the Nigerian Judicial Sector
No full textJudicial or legal research assistants play a vital role in the process of adjudication. The judicial assistants or research assistants are persons who carry out research on legal topics and lend assistance in whatever ways possible for the Judges. They are in a position of trusted agents of a Judge. This paper stems from the fundamental problem that little is known about the role and duties of the legal research assistant as they work with the judges behind the scene and not all courts have embraced the judicial assistant and also there is the lack of regulatory framework guiding the research assistants in the course of their duty. The aim of this paper is to consider the important role the legal research assistant plays in the administration of justice and decision-making in Nigeria notwithstanding the introduction of Artificial Intelligence in the 21st Century. The paper adopts the Doctrinal method of legal research. The paper finds that the research or judicial assistant have not been totally embraced by all courts in Nigeria and there is no law in existence which spells out the power, duties or regulation to guide research assistants in the course of their duties. Hence, their scopes of duties are not defined. The paper concludes that the position of a legal research assistant is not holistically recognized under the Nigerian judicial system and recommends that the judiciary needs to embrace the use of judicial research assistant for the overall improvement and more efficient decision making process of the justice sector in Nigeria.
Corporate Social Responsibility in Nigeria’s Oil Industry: Governance Gaps and Implications for National Security and Development
No full textThe discovery of oil in Nigeria drastically transformed its economy and international trade system. However, rather than fostering national prosperity, it has left much of the population in poverty and worsened the country’s infrastructure. This challenge is compounded by the insufficient Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) efforts from oil companies, resulting in recurring crises, civil unrest, and escalating violence within the oil-producing regions, which has national repercussions and poses a threat to security. This paper explores the impact of CSR shortcomings by oil corporations on Nigeria’s national security and development. A qualitative research approach is used, drawing on primary sources and secondary sources. Findings reveal a lack of coherent policy or legislation on CSR in Nigeria, underscoring the need for stronger regulatory frameworks and closer scrutiny of oil companies\u27 CSR initiatives. The study recommends engaging genuine stakeholders and local community members in CSR project planning and implementation to ensure relevance, continuity, and meaningful impact on beneficiaries.
Mineralogy and collapse behaviour of compacted lateritic soils from North-central Nigeria
Get PDFThere is limited knowledge about the collapse behaviour of lateritic residual soils, particularly those from humid tropical climates like Nigeria. This work investigates the collapse potential (CP), at 200 kPa, of compacted lateritic soil specimens prepared from two lateritic soils of different mineralogy. The soils were compacted both at standard Proctor and modified Proctor energy levels. The soils consist mainly of silica, aluminium oxide and iron (iii) oxide. Both soils classify as silty sand (Unified Soil Classification System). However, sandstone derived lateritic soil from Gidansani (G sample) has lower liquid limit and plasticity index than the migmatite derived soil from Ilorin (R sample). CP varies from 5.3 % to 18.9 % for G soil and from 5.7 % to 16.6 % in the R specimens. This range of CP indicates that both G and R soils have moderately severe degrees of collapse. Specimens compacted dry of optimum exhibit a positive linear relationship with CP while specimens compacted wet of optimum exhibit reduced CP with increasing dry density. CP increased with moisture content and degree of saturation irrespective of the energy of compaction and soil type. Compaction at higher energy level reduces the tendency for large collapse
Effect of electromagnetic field pretreatment on the phytonutrient content of sweet pepper and fluted pumpkin leaf
Get PDFElectromagnetic field (EMF) pretreatment is a novel non-thermal technique of food pretreatment that ensures better food quality than thermal techniques. This study aimed to study the effect of electromagnetic pretreatment on the phytonutrients of two vegetables: sweet pepper (SP) and fluted pumpkin leaf (FPL). Three types of magnetic fields (static, pulse and alternating) in combination with magnetic field strength (5 - 30 mT) and pretreatment time (5 - 25 min) were used to pretreat SP and FPL. All EMF pretreated, blanched (control) and fresh samples were analysed before and after drying for five phytonutrients, and data were processed and presented with bar charts. Carotenoids of SP before and after drying were 33 mg/1 and 48 mg/1respectively. Highest values of phenols for SP were 0.28 mg/l and 0.15 mg/l before and after drying respectively. FPL had carotenoids (40 mg/l - 45 mg/l), alkaloids (1.1 mg/l), phenol (1.6-2.4 mg/l) while flavonoids content after drying increased (6.7% - 21.70%). Saponins content of FPL remained the same before and after drying. EMF pretreatment relatively led to significant improvement in the phytonutrients of SP and FPL than blanching
Optimum influence of kaolin additive and combustion characteristics of Albizia zygia wood-coconut-husk blends on ash yield
Get PDFProperty of solid fuel is characterized based on the amount of ash yield after combustion. This study evaluates the influence of kaolin additives and combustion characteristics of Albizia zygia wood and coconut husk mixture on ash yield. D-Optimal Design under the Combined Methodology of Design Expert was employed to mix the solid fuel constituents alongside particle size in order to determine the ash yield of the mixture. The input parameters (wood, coconut husk, kaolin, and particle size) and output parameter (ash yield) of combustion process were also modeled using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The 23 data points obtained from design of experiment were divided into training data and testing data sets in the relative proportion 9:1. A quadratic regression model (p<0.05) was obtained for the ash prediction. The optimal values established for the ash yield were wood (85 %), coconut husk (5.0 %), kaolin (10 %) and particle sizes (2.50 mm) respectively. The coefficient of determination (R2) obtained for the model is 0.8825 while the adjusted R2 is 0.8153. The ANN (R2) values for the model predictions were 0.939 for the training set and 0.926 for the testing set respectively. Thus, this study demonstrated that combustion of wood-coconut additive mixture could be efficient for energy generation
Comparative studies of the alpha decay half-lives of 197–220 Fr isotopes using the modified Gamow-like model and other empirical formulas
Get PDFAlpha decay is an important decay mode that provides information about the structure and stability of heavy and superheavy nuclei. In this study, Gamow-like model (GLM), modified Gamow-like model (MGLM1), and four empirical formulas were employed to study the alpha decay half-lives of 197–220 Fr isotopes. The results obtained were compared with available experimental data and other theoretical calculations. The four empirical formulas used in the study are the Akrawy, new Ren B, AKRE, and Horoi formulas. Among the empirical formulas, the results of the calculations suggest that the new Ren B formula is the most suitable for the calculation of alpha-decay half-lives of the Fr isotopes. Calculated standard deviations showed that the MGLM1 gave a better description of the half-lives than the GLM model. New parameter values were obtained for the 197–220 Fr isotopes using the modified Gamow-like model (termed MGLM2). The MGLM2 model gave a lower deviation from experimental values when compared with the previous theoretical calculations using the temperature-dependent proximity potential model
A scheme for resilient routing in residue number system based software defined networks
Get PDFIn recent times, the advances in internet technology and the rise of network traffic, owing to relentless creation of rigorous and mission-critical applications, has been giving serious attention to resilient routing in Software Defined Network (SDN). The evolution has made it possible for extensive use of SDN to respond to the current requirements of modern networking. Residue Number System (RNS) has been used to minimize latency in routing tables for Openflow protocol. However, majority of network elements remain vulnerable to failures, especially transmission devices and links. It has been shown that proactive approaches to link recovery in RNS based SDN can select alternate path during link failures, however, the challenges of fast failure recovery still exist with large data path labels for both primary and alternate routes. Furthermore, the problem of early backup path failure before primary path still remains a challenge. The paper presents an approach that is intended to improve SDN routing and reduce the computational in RNS based SDN. The proposed scheme utilizes the shortest path re-route algorithm and a reactive mechanism to respond to link failure when it occurs. The proposed scheme which will be implemented as a prototype using the mininet emulator and floodlight controller is intended to effectively route packets especially when there are link failures for RNS based SDN