Kwara State University Journals
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Yoruba Indigenous Religion and its Implications for the Restructuring of Nigeria
Get PDFThe attitude of the political class in Nigeria, often lacking basic religious, moral values and principles essential for democracy, have led to widespread calls for restructuring to ensure peace, unity, and integration. This paper identifies moral laxity as the primary challenge facing Nigeria and explores Yoruba indigenous religion as a foundation for restructuring in pursuit of national cohesion and growth. Utilizing descriptive and historical phenomenological methodology, the paper highlights how Nigerians have abandoned their cherished traditional norms and moral values in the quest for power and supremacy, leading to corruption. The paper concludes that restructuring, involving indigenous religion and culture, can address these persistent agitations. It is recommended that, despite ethnic and cultural differences, Nigerians should appreciate and uphold the moral values of indigenous religions, such as love, respect for human life and dignity, trust, transparency and accountability, equity, and social justice, to ensure peace, unity, and national solidarity
Congestion and service quality improvement of mobile telephone networks in Nigeria: A review
Get PDFTelecommunications and the ability to connect and interact has become a fundamental part of how the society operates. It is now the foundation for families, communities, businesses, and governments to connect and seamlessly share information in today\u27s digital ecosystem. Mobile telephone network enables wireless communication using devices which include mobile phones, smart tablets. The mobile telephone networks provide the necessary infrastructure which are operated by service providers. The networks are usually not without congestion which is caused by a number of factors, including traffic build-up during peak periods and at hot spots, insufficient network dimensioning, especially in the switching system, and network operators\u27 advertising offers. The consequence of network congestion is that an increase in offered load leads to either a small increase in network throughput or even a decrease in the throughput. In this work, congestion of mobile telephone networks has thus been reviewed. Improvement of Quality of Service (QoS) has also been examined. The congestion as a results of irregularity of public power supply, terminal breakdown, etc. are given sufficient considerations, while inadequate dimensioning of the network, particularly the switching and base station system and transmission impairment are not being adequately considered
A Literary Study of Social Themes in Maqāmāt Al-Ilōrī
No full textMaqāmah is a prosimetric literary genre very popular in Arabic literature and well accepted among scholars of literature across the Islamic world. It is a genre alternating ryhmic prose (sajc ) and poetry as the narrative style in its presentation. The genre had been in deep and long hibernation until very recently, especially in Nigeria; the reason for its revival could be because maqāmah is a precursor to prosaic literary writing among Muslim scholars. The genre, among Arabs, used to be for demonstration of flowery ability to express literary contents; it is often short and ornamental but replete with moral themes. The genre is well embraced among Nigerian Muslim scholars of Yoruba extraction because it suites their folkloric heritage: the Yoruba culture of telling tales by moonlight to young children before dinner makes maqāmah very adaptive to their environment. The concern of this paper is to study the sociological themes in a collection of maqāmāt written by Muhammad Awwal bin Abdus-Salaam. Literature being a social document and prism through which society could be viewed in a very crystal manner; the study chose two maqāmahs for the purpose of discussing how the writer has succeeded in making his work a true reflection of his society. One of the maqāmahs discusses a national crisis that enveloped a state in the recent past where many lives were lost in Kaduna, with hoodlums hiding under religion to perpetuate the mayhem of catastrophic consequence. The other maqāmah has as its themes guidance and advice of Muslim scholars on how to get steady and sustainable means of income instead of hinging their survival on the society all in the name of being religion scholars. The paper concludes with a critique of literary styles of the writer to appraise its conformity with standard ways of writing maqāmahs
Forgiveness in the Criminal Justice System in Nigeria: A Review of Public Prosecutor V. Shawn Tan Jia Jun within the Context of Islamic Law
Get PDFIn the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria, offences are against the State and the role of the victim is limited to being a witness for the Prosecutor. Unlike other stakeholders who have been clothed with the powers to forgive, pardon, grant amnesty or discontinued an ongoing case, the victim, whose rights have been violated has no such powers. Adopting doctrinal method of legal research, this article adopted a tripartite approach in dissecting the research topic. It examined the role of other stakeholders in contradistinction with the role of the victim within the context of forgiveness; it reviewed and critique the decided case of Public Prosecutor v. Shawn Tan Jia Jun and finally explore the position of Islamic Law as far as forgiveness is concerned and the active role played by the victim. The results demonstrated that the victim,who is directly affected by the commission of the crime is not included among those granted the powers to forgive, pardon, grant amnesty or discontinued an ongoing case. It is therefore recommended that the criminal justice system should introduce ‘victim forgiveness’ and emulate the Islamic criminal law wherein the victim played a very active role and has the power to forgive or discontinue the case.
Post-mortem application of garden egg (Solanum melongena) peel powder on oxidative stability of pectoralis major muscle in broiler chickens
Get PDFThis study evaluated the phenolic compounds in garden egg peel powder (GEPP) and the effect of GEPP on lipid oxidation of raw and cooked pectoralis major muscle in broiler chickens. Graded levels (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) of GEPP were applied to minced raw and cooked broiler breast meat and compared with 0.01% Butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA). Lipid oxidation in the meat samples was monitored at 3-day interval for 9 days using the thiobarbituric acid test. The GEPP contains flavonoid, phenols, terpenoids and tannins. Irrespective of antioxidant treatments, cooked meat samples had higher (P< 0.05) thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value than the raw meat samples. The raw and cooked control samples had higher (P< 0.05) TBARS than meat samples treated with antioxidants. On day 0 and 3, the TBARS value of BHA samples did not differ (P> 0.05) from those treated with GEPP. However, on day 6 and 9, BHA samples had lower TBARS value compared with those treated with GEPP. The current results suggest that post-mortem application of 0.5% GEPP could reduce lipid oxidation in refrigerated broiler meat for up to 3 days. 
Effects of N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea on semen quality traits of Nigerian local chicken
Get PDFTo improve the Nigerian local chicken (NLC), N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea (ENU) can be used to introduce mutations into the genome to characterise the genetic architecture of complex traits and develop novel trait models and lineages. The extent ENU is tolerated as an effective mutagen in chickens and the knowledge of its biology of action is however required before its application. This is measured by the induction and duration of sterility in the absence of lethality in male mice. The objective of this study was to characterise the ENU effects on the onset and duration of induced sterility through direct studies of sperm (count and motility) from mutagenized cocks. In a randomized design experiment, 22 mutagenized and 20 non-mutagenized (control) NLC cocks were intraperitoneally injected with 300mg ENU/kg body weight fractionated as 3 doses of 100mg, and sham respectively and administered in 3 successive weeks. Semen volume (ml), sperm concentration (x106/ml) and sperm motility were evaluated prior to ENU and Sham injected weekly up to week 13. Data were subjected to Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon at ᾳ0.05. The ENU significantly (P < 0.05) reduced sperm concentration and motility but had no significant effect on semen volume at week 2. The duration of sterility could not be determined in this study as treated cocks did not show complete fertility recovery and ENU administered can be used for mutagenesis in chickens at the examined dose and regime
Partial replacement of cocoa nibs with sorghum malt in chocolate: An evaluation of the blends\u27 chemical compositions and sensory profiles
No full textSorghum is widely grown in Nigeria, but scientific data is sparse about the replacement of cocoa nibs with sorghum malt in chocolate production. The nutritional colour, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum bands and sensory characteristics of plain chocolate and chocolate barsamples partially replaced with malted sorghum grits were evaluated. The level of replacement with malted sorghum in the chocolate-sorghum malt blends varied from 10-50%.The protein content of the samples reduced with increased replacement of cocoa nibs with malted sorghum, varied from 7.29% (10% inclusion) to 6.27% (50% inclusion) while the control sample had 8.05%. The crude fat, fibre, ash, moisture and carbohydrate content of the samples varied from 34.46-38.10, 2.51-1.17, 2.68-2.43, 5.76-1.41 and 47.2-48.84 respectively. The control sample had crude fat and carbohydrates values higher than the values obtained in the malted sorghum chocolate samples. The L* colour characteristics ranges from 29.23-36.27 (10-50% inclusion), and the control sample had 34.11. The colour characteristics of the malted sorghum chocolate revealed a reduction in the darkness of the samples with increased inclusion of the sorghum malt. The *a and*b colour characteristics varied significantly from 12.86 - 27.22. There was no profound difference between the atomic spectrum plain chocolate sample and malted sorghum chocolate samples. The sensory results showed that there are significant differences in the taste (6.4- 8.1) and overall acceptability (6.8 - 8.5) of the samples. The acceptance of the malted sorghum chocolate samples beyond 20% was almost in-achievable
Impact of biochar amended with compost and arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on soil chemical properties, root colonization, and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
Get PDFThe use of biochar, compost, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provides many opportunities for soil improvement. Hence, it is important to understand their impacts on soil and plant development to optimally exploit their potentials. A screenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of biochar amended with compost and arbuscular mycorrhizal on soil chemical properties, root colonization, growth, and yield of cowpea. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with control, using different combinations of Gateway compost with two types of biochar; Gliricidia and Panicum maximum,in percentage and at different rates (2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 t/ha), with 2, 4, 6 and 8g of mycorrhizal and mineral fertilizer (RD of SSP -60 kg P2O5) in combination with mycorrhizal, making 13 treatment combinations replicated 3 times. The results of the investigation revealed that the application of biochar, compost and AMF significantly (p < 0.05) increased the growth and yield parameters of the cowpea plant. The treatment [70% Gateway compost + 30 % Biochar (Panicum maximum) at 3.5 t/ha + 6g mycorrhizal] enhanced root colonization percentage. Biochar amended with compost application remarkably improved total N, soil organic carbon, soil pH, and available P than mineral fertilizer
Development of a secured ignition and notification for an anti-theft vehicle detection system using one-time password
Get PDFCriminals have devised various ways to steal vehicles by exploiting the loopholes associated with the vehicle anti-theft detection systems, and this has become a threat to vehicle owners. This paper aims to put forward an embedded system-based secured ignition and notification of an anti-theft vehicle detection system. The applied research was carried out to develop an embedded anti-theft vehicle detection system using an ESP32 microcontroller as a control unit. The control unit was programmed to control the peripheral devices interfacing, in line with the designed security functionalities of the system. The ignition vehicle system is secured to prevent unauthorized users using One-Time Password (OTP), and coded ignition key. The system is tested, and the response reveals the identity of the intruder through the SMS, and alarm system about the suspected unauthorized user. It is expected that this technology will assist in preventing the theft of a vehicle in the society
