Kwara State University Journals
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CHILD CUSTODY AFTER DIVORCE UNDER ISLAMIC LAW: A PUBLIC LAW PERSPECTIVE ON PATERNAL ENTITLEMENT AND LEGAL OVERSIGHT
Get PDFThis paper critically examines paternal custody rights under Islamic law, with a focus on the legal, ethical, and institutional frameworks that guide custody decisions after divorce. It explores the circumstances under which a father may be entitled to custody of a child, particularly after the traditional maternal right of hadanah lapses. The paper adopts a public law perspective, analysing how state oversight and statutory frameworks, including those found in Sharia-compliant legal systems within and outside Nigeria, mediate the application of Islamic principles to serve the best interest of the child. It argues for a harmonized approach that respects Islamic jurisprudence while ensuring compliance with constitutional protections of children’s rights and international human rights norms. The paper adopts a doctrinal legal research method and concludes that a balanced custody framework must consider both the spiritual and welfare dimensions of child upbringing, incorporating public law principles such as judicial oversight, non-discrimination, and child protection
JURIDICAL AND BIOETHICAL OF HUMAN GENOME EDITING THROUGH THE LENS OF MAQASID SHARI’A
Get PDFAdvances in genome-editing technologies, especially CRISPR-Cas systems, have made it feasible to modify human genes for decades, sparking intense ethical, theological, and legal debate. Through the prism of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, the higher goals of Islamic law, this study analyzes the legal and ethical administration of human genome editing at the international level and investigates its permissibility and normative constraints. This study aims to promote responsible scientific innovation while protecting human dignity and maintaining divine confidence (amānah) in the stewardship of creation by connecting international regulatory standards with Maqāṣid-based ethical reasoning (World Health Organization). The study suggests an integrated regulatory approach that balances the Maqāṣid imperatives of ḥifz an-nafs (preservation of life), ḥifz an-nasl (protection of lineage), ḥifz al-ʻaql (preservation of intellect), ḥif al-māl (protection of property), and ḥifz ad-dīn (preservation of faith) with universal bioethical principles of human dignity, non-maleficence, and emerging Islamic bioethical scholarship. To ensure safety, transparency, and moral accountability, the analysis contends that genome-editing research and uses should be governed by a plural, cautious framework. Maintaining a worldwide moratorium on clinical germline editing until safety and oversight standards are clearly established, allowing somatic interventions only in cases where there is a clear therapeutic benefit and no viable alternatives are available, incorporating maslahah (public benefit) and avoiding mafsadah (harm) into ethical review procedures, and creating inclusive, multi-stakeholder governance structures involving Muslim juristic and bioethical authorities are some of the main recommendation
THE EASE AND CHALLENGES OF ESTABLISHING A GLOBAL CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS
Get PDFThe article examines the ease and challenges of establishing a global corporate governance framework through the prism of international best practice. Using the doctrinal method, the article found gaps in the municipal laws and policies relating to corporate governance. The article therefore offers appropriate recommendations
Iron ore prospecting using remote sensing and aeromagnetic data in parts of sheet 224 (Osi), Nigeria
Get PDF In recent years, the solid mineral sector has emerged as a central focus of Nigeria’s economic diversification agenda, attracting heightened attention from both policymakers and researchers. Iron ore, in particular, is of global economic significance, and its sustainable development has the potential to make substantial contributions to the nation’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This research applies an integrated exploration strategy that combines remote sensing with aeromagnetic techniques to investigate iron ore mineralisation in parts of Sheet 224 (Osi), located in southwestern Nigeria. Structural analysis reveals that the most prominent lineament orientations trend NNE–SSW (18.52%), NE–SW (17.28%), and ENE–WSW to NW (16.05%). Aeromagnetic data analysis shows prospective mineralisation zones concentrated in the central and northeastern sectors, while enhanced analytical signal values (0.200–0.398) delineate additional target zones primarily situated in the eastern portion of the study area. Spectral depth estimates distinguish two levels of anomalies: shallow sources ranging from 0.06 m to 0.82 m, and deeper sources between 0.40 m and 1.50 m. These results demonstrate that the integration of aeromagnetic datasets with remote sensing imagery provides a reliable framework for identifying subsurface structures and assessing the distribution of iron ore mineralisation.
Building a Yoruba text-to-speech engine for automatic reading machines: A concatenative approach
Get PDF This research develops a concatenative Text-to-Speech (TTS) system for automatic reading machines (ARMs). TTS system is a major component of an ARM that converts written text to synthetic speech. Corpus concatenation has been the most effective and widely used TTS approach as it is the most efficient in the production of natural and intelligible speech for application in reading aids for the visually impaired, persons with dyslexia, and language learning tools. The abysmal performance of existing TTS in the Yoruba language has resulted in challenges Yoruba speakers face in accessing digital content. This study developed a comprehensive Yoruba speech corpus and implement a concatenative text-to-speech framework, incorporating a Yoruba optical character recognition (YOCR) system, Unicode mapping, syllable segmentation, and speech quality optimization using windowing and pre-emphasis filtering. The developed system achieved Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) of 4.86 for two syllable words, 4.67 for five-syllable words and at least 4.37 for sentences. The Mel Cepstral Distortion (MCD) metrics showed a maximum mean of 1.58 for concatenated words. The system evaluation using MOS and MCD metrics demonstrates its potential for integration into ARMs and improving digital content accessibility for Yoruba speakers.
DATA PROTECTION LAWS IN NIGERIA: THE IMPACT OF AI AND TELECOM REGULATIONS ON E-COMMERCE SECURITY
Get PDFThe growth of e-commerce in Nigeria has raised significant concerns about data protection. Data protection is the process of protecting sensitive information from being loss, damage, corrupt or tamped with. AI presents novel opportunities for innovation and tackling inefficiencies in several sectors of the Nigerian economy. However, its proliferation may result in a plethora of concerns if not developed and deployed within the bounds of law and ethics. This paper explores the pivotal role of AI in enhancing and balancing the growth of e-commerce data protection in Nigeria. As digitalization accelerates across various sectors, the need for robust data protection mechanisms has become paramount. This article adopted doctrinal research methodology, primary and secondary sources of information were relied upon. This paper therefore examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and telecom regulations on e-commerce security in Nigeria, with a focus on data protection laws. We analyze the current data protection laws in Nigeria, identify the challenges and opportunities presented by AI and telecom regulations, and propose recommendations for relevant policymakers to strengthen regulatory mechanisms by ensuring they are equipped to handle the rapid evolution of AI within e-commerce sector.
ANALYTICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA FOR EFFICIENT INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES
Get PDFThe management of electronic waste (e-waste), a uniquely complex waste stream, has emerged as a significant environmental and public health challenge in urban centres worldwide, including Nigeria. Rapid urbanization has led to a surge in the use of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE). Additionally, technological advancements, population growth, and efforts to bridge the digital divide have further contributed to the rising generation of e-waste. However, many developing countries, Nigeria included, struggle to effectively manage the growing volume of e-waste they produce. Given the increasing environmental and health hazards posed by improper e-waste disposal in Nigeria, it has become essential to establish a robust legal framework for e-waste management. This study adopted a doctrinal legal research methodology. It revealed that international environmental legal instruments on e-waste management must be ratified and domesticated to ensure efficient e-waste handling in Nigeria. Furthermore, the research found that the current national legal frameworks are inadequate and ineffective in addressing the specific challenges of e-waste management. The study concluded that while Nigeria has existing legal provisions for general waste management, these are insufficient and weak when applied specifically to e-waste. Moreover, current laws focus broadly on solid waste management and lack dedicated regulations for e-waste. To ensure effective management and alignment with international best practices, it is recommended that existing laws be reviewed and amended to include specific e-waste provisions, or that a new, standalone law be enacted exclusively for e-waste management
DOCUMENTING CONTRACTS IN SHARI’AH: RULES AND IMPLICATIONS IN AN ERA OF ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY
Get PDFThis paper examines the rules governing the documentation of contracts under Islamic law, situating its analysis within both classical jurisprudence and contemporary applications. The mandate to record contracts, particularly financial transactions, is founded on Islamic legal injunction in Qur\u27an verse 2:282 which instructs believers to write down deferred transactions. The paper explores how classical jurists interpreted this directive and extended its application to various forms of contracts, emphasizing its role in safeguarding the rights and obligations of contracting parties. By analyzing the works of renowned jurists, such as Ibn Taymiyyah, and sources like Lisan al-Arab and Tafsir al-Qurtubi, the study highlights the evolution of contract documentation from mere moral exhortation to a legally recognized mechanism for dispute resolution and evidence in Islamic law. The dual methods of documentation, witnessing (al-Ishhaad) and writing (al-Kitabah)are explored alongside their legal and evidentiary implications. Furthermore, the paper addresses the relevance of contract documentation in modern contexts, particularly with the advent of digital contracts, blockchain technology, and smart contracts. It examines how contemporary Islamic legal thought reconciles traditional doctrines with emerging technological realities, ensuring that the maqasid al-shari‘ah (the higher objectives of Islamic law)are preserved in contractual dealings. The study concludes that the documentation of contracts in Islamic law transcends ritual obligation; it is a fundamental tool for ensuring justice, transparency, and the protection of rights. It also underscores the adaptability of Islamic legal principles in addressing contemporary contractual complexities, affirming the enduring relevance of Islamic jurisprudence in modern legal discourse please add one or two recommendations as wel
RESTORATIVE JUSTICE: EMERGING STRATEGIES FOR DEALING WITH CRIME AND THE INTERESTS OF STAKEHOLDERS
Get PDFThis article explores the growing relevance of restorative justice (RJ) as a viable alternative to the traditional retributive criminal justice system. Rooted in indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms, RJ prioritizes healing, accountability, and reintegration over punitive responses. Drawing on global experiences from New Zealand to South Africa the article examines the conceptual foundations of RJ, including its emphasis on restoration, reconciliation, and stakeholder participation. The study outlines key RJ practices such as victim-offender mediation, community conferencing, circle sentencing, and emerging digital platforms. Particular attention is given to the interests and rights of stakeholders: victims are afforded a voice and restitution; offenders benefit from opportunities for rehabilitation and reintegration; communities are engaged in conflict resolution and healing; and the state gains cost-effective justice outcomes. The article also analyses legal and policy frameworks that support RJ, referencing international instruments such as the UN Basic Principles on the Use of Restorative Justice Programmes and comparative national examples. Through selected case studies, it evaluates the outcomes and limitations of RJ, addressing critical concerns around voluntariness, power imbalances, secondary victimization, and challenges in handling serious crimes. The paper concludes by proposing legislative reforms, stakeholder training, institutional support, and public sensitization as pathways for integrating RJ into formal justice systems. Ultimately, it argues that RJ offers a transformative model that fosters dignity, social harmony, and sustainable peace
A Critical Stylistic Analysis of Major Kaduna Nzeogwu’s January 15th 1966 Coup Speech
Get PDF This research examines the ideological underpinnings of the coup speech delivered on January 15, 1966, by Major Kaduna Nzeogwu. Employing Lesley Jeffries\u27 (2010) Critical Stylistics theory as a methodological framework, the study conducts a linguistic analysis to uncover the political viewpoints and intentions of the coup plotters. The analysis reveals how specific linguistic choices and patterns were employed to communicate the plotters\u27 intentions to the public, suppress dissent, and advocate for the establishment of military rule instead of democratic governance. The speech underscores the plotters\u27 portrayal of their actions as necessary for national salvation, while framing democratic processes as ineffective. Additionally, the use of emotive language and authoritative tones served to bolster legitimacy and rally public support for the coup. The analysis further elucidates how the adopted linguistic strategies functioned to justify the overthrow of the existing government and the suspension of democratic institutions in Nigeria’s First Republic. This Critical Stylistic study highlights the intricate power dynamics that underpinned the military intervention and emphasizes the role of language as a tool for ideological persuasion. By revealing the linguistic resources employed by the coup plotters, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of how language can shape political realities and influence public perception during times of upheaval